Tsunami Articles

 

Adams, W. (1988). Basing Improvement of Tsunami Warning Systems on Precious Experiences. Natural Hazards, 6, 1, 43-50.

 

This article suggests improvements for some tsunami warning systems by evaluating “performances” of the Pacific Tsunami Waning Center and the Hawaii Warning Center during the Mexican earthquake in 1985 and the Aleutian earthquake of 1986. It is very good for evaluating when Tsunami warnings are appropriate and when they are not.

 

Crawford, G. (2005). NOAA Weather Radio (NWR) – A Coastal Solution to Tsunami Alert and Notification. Natural Hazards, 35, 1, 163-171.

 

This article presents the idea of using weather radio as a way to reach the potential tsunami victims to warn them about its arrival. It also discusses some ways to detect tsunamis and quickly relay that information to the warning centers on the shore.

 

Cyranoske, D. (2005). Solo Efforts Hamper Tsunami Warning System. Nature, 433, 343.

 

This brief news article discusses some countries around the globe who are planning to install tsunami-warning systems.

 

Dengler, L.; Preuss, J. (2003).Mitigation Lessons from the July 17, 1998 Papua New Guinea Tsunami. Natural Hazards, 160, 10, 2001-2031.

 

This paper discusses various relief measures taken after the tsunami in the coastal communities of eastern Saundaun Province, Papua New Guinea. It also mentions difficulties in coordination between many responding agencies and organizations. It also presents justifications for a high number of casualties during this tragic event.

 

Eisner, R. (2005). Planning for Tsunami: Reducing Future Losses Through Mitigation. Natural Hazards, 35, 1, 155-162.


This paper describes the National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program. This is a great source to learn from about preventions that can be taken beforehand to reduce the disastrous effects of tsunamis.

 

Hanson, B. (2005). Learning from Natural Disasters. Science, 308, 5725, 1125.

 

This brief article discusses what we can learn from the natural disasters that have already occurred.

 

Hanson, B.; Roberts, L. (2005). Resiliency in the Face of Disaster. Science, 209, 5737, 1029.

 

This brief article discusses some very generic ways to recover from tsunamis, and other natural disasters. Some ways include having the insurance industry to aid in “disaster recovery”. It also mentions that aside from superficial issues that need to be taken care of after these disasters, mental health issues of the victims also have to be observed and treated.

 

Hurtley, S. (2004). Tsunami and its Shadow. Science, 304, 5677, 1569.

 

This article describes a few properties of tsunamis, the main one being a “shadow” that it leaves behind. A “shadow” of a tsunami is “a darkened strip of water observed ahead of a wave on rare occasions.” This can be detected with airborne and satellite-based radars.

 

Joenig, R. (2001). Researchers Target Deadly Tsunamis. Science, 293, 5533, 1251-1253.

 

This article discusses ways of determining causes of tsunamis using more modern maps of the ocean floor, computer models, and sensory equipment.

 

Kintisch, E. (2005). Global Tsunami Warning System Takes Shape. Science, 2005, 307, 331.

 

This article discusses the efforts that the Bush administration is making to protect the United States citizens from tsunamis. It mentions the costs of the plans being proposed and the efforts the administration is making to get the plans approved.

 

Koike, N.; Kawata, Y.; Imamura, F. (2003). Far-Field Tsunami Potential and a Real-Time Forecast System for the Pacific Using the Inversion Method. Natural Hazards, 29, 423-436.

 

This paper discusses a method to analyze a tsunami in real-time and provide appropriate warnings to the potential victims.

 

Kulikov, E.; Rabinovich, A.; Thomson, R. (2005), Estimation of Tsunami Risk for the Coasts of Peru and Northern Chile. Natural Hazards, 35, 2, 185-209.

 

This article mentions ways to predict tsunami heights using data from previous tsunamigenic earthquakes and tsunamis. These data are used to estimate tsunami-risk for coastal Peru and northern Chile.

 

Leslie, M. (2004). Waves of Destruction. Science, 305, 5689, 1381.

 

This very brief article discusses an earthquake that occurred on the sea bed near the Aleutian Islands and creating huge tsunamis. It also mentions sources to access to learn more about the causes and consequences of tsunamis.

 

Lindley, D.; Swinbanks, D. (1987). Satellite-Linked Tsunami Warning to Avoid Pacific Disasters. Nature, 330, 305.

 

This article describes a cheap and new system that the NOAA has developed, in collaboration with the Chilean authorities to guard the potential tsunami-threatened areas around the Pacific. They have set up many satellite-connected ground stations in various locations.

 

Miller, G. (2005). The Tsunami’s Psychological Aftermath. Science, 309, 5737, 1030.

 

This article enforces the importance of mental health services in the tsunami affected regions. It bases its reasoning on the tsunami disaster that occurred in the Indian Ocean not too long ago.

 

Mofjeld, H.; Gonzalez, F.; Bernard, E.; Newman, J. (2000). Forecasting the Heights of Later Waves in Pacific-Wide Tsunamis. Natural Hazards, 22, 1, 71-89.

 

This article uses mathematical models to determine the extreme heights of later waves in the Pacific-wide tsunamis.

 

Ramirez, J.; Perez, C. (2004). The Local Tsunami Alert System [“SLAT”]: A Computational Tool for the Integral Management of a Tsunami Emergency. Natural Hazards, 31, 1, 129-142.

 

This article describes a system, called SLAT, to determine the types of alerts. The data used to operate this system include coordinates of the epicenter, magnitude, date, and origin of the earthquake. This system can be used to make critical decisions in very short amounts of time.

 

Stone, R. (2005). A Race to Beat the Odds. Science, 307, 5709, 502-504.

 

This paper discusses the condition of Sri Lanka when the tsunami hit its coastal regions. But it emphasizes the great work of aid workers who have been successful in preventing disease outbreaks in this country. We can use the methods they describe in this article to design our plans to prevent disease outbreaks in Peru and Micronesia in case of tsunamis.

 

Sugimoto, T.; Murakami, H.; Kozuki, Y.; Nishikawa, K.; Shimada, T. (2003). A Human Damage Prediction Method for Tsunami Disasters Incorporating Evacuation Activities. Natural Hazards, 29, 3, 587-602.

 

This paper uses a model to predict how many human deaths might occur when the predicted tsunami strikes the coastal areas of Usa Town, Tosa City, Shikoku Island, and Japan. The predicted tsunami is supposed to be extremely huge and is supposed to occur sometime during the first half of the 21st Century along the Nankai trough and coastal areas facing the Pacific ocean of Shikoku Island.

 

Titov, V.; Gonzalez, F.; Bernard, E.; Eble, M.; Morfjeld, H.; Harold, O.; Newman, J.; Venturato, A. (2005). Real-Time Tsunami Forecasting: Challenges and Solutions. Natural Hazards, 35, 1, 35-41.

 

This paper discusses a new method for forecasting tsunamis in real time and reporting the findings to the NOAA’s tsunami warning centers.