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Annotated Bibliographies

Ausubel, J. H. (1990). A second look at the conventional wisdom about impacts of global climate change. the Reality and Consequences of a Global Climate Warming, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa OK. 120-150.

Annotation: Ausubel takes eight of the most prominent hypotheses of the time and compares them with scientific data. At the end of his paper, Ausubel states eight revised hypotheses based on his data.

Cabanes, C., Cazenave, A., & Le Provost, C. (2001). Sea level rise during past 40 years determined from satellite and in situ observations [Abstract]. Science, 294(5543) 840.

Annotation: This article discusses thermal expansion of the oceans in the past and for the future. The authors also detail the methods (old and new) of determining sea level rise.

Climate and sea level change(1993). In Warrick R. A., Barrow E. M. and Wigley, T. M. L. (Eds.), . Great Britain: Cambridge University Press.

Annotation: The editors compare recent data on changes invoked by the rising concentration of greenhouse gases to data from the past. This book explains the relationship between climate change, sea level, and their implications. Many graphs and charts are included in the text.

Douglas, B. C. (1995). Global sea level change: Determination and interpretation (U.S. National Report to IUGG No. 33)

Annotation: This report details how sea level is measured. It also discusses the history of sea level rise and its implications for the future. This source does not have the most recent data since it was published in 1995, but it has a good base of facts.

Emanuel, K. (2005). Nature's steam engine. Divine wind (pp. 54-61). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Annotation: In this section of the book, Emanuel explains how a hurricane is a very close example to Carnot's notion of the ideal heat engine. He continues on to derive the equation for a hurricane's maximum wind speed. Emanuel also provides details about the amount of power dissipated by different climatic phenomena.

GEODAS Grid Translator - Design-a-Grid(2006). . Retrieved September 16, 2006, http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/gdas/gd_designagrid.html

Annotation: This program allows the user to view more closely a selected location in the form of a topographic map. The user must enter the latitude and longitude coordinates.

Gumbel, A. (2006, September 20, 2006 Wednesday). Mississippi turning. The Independent (London), pp. 26.

Houghton, J. (1997). Global warming the complete briefing (2nd ed.). United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.

Annotation: In this book, Houghton focuses on climate change, its impact on society, and ways to counteract it. He details how and why global warming is occurring, as well as past climate changes. Houghton also touches on other global problems; such as, acid rain and depletion of the ozone layer.

Kevin Trenberth. (2005). Climate: Uncertainty in hurricanes and global warming [Abstract]. Science, 308(5729) 1753-1754.

Annotation: This article describes the uncertainties that exist in predicting the effects of global warming on hurricanes. It details factors that affect the intensity and duration of hurricanes.

Lindzen, Dr. Richard S. (1990). Greenhouse warming: Reasons for doubt. the Reality and Consequences of Global Climate Warming, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa OK. 114-119.

Annotation: Lindzen is of the opinion that a the warming of the globe a few degrees in the average temperature would not be catastrophic. Lindzen also touches on the political unrest that is occurring in relation to global warming at that time.

Long, D. (2004). Global warming. New York, NY: Facts On File, Inc.

Annotation: Long describes the causes and processes that result in global warming. He also details the political side of global warming, touching base on the Kyoto Accords, U.S. Energy Policy, and other governments' energy policies. Long includes a detailed annotated bibliography and a list of organizations involved in climate change.

MacDonald, Dr. Gordon J. F. (1990). Scientific basis for a global greenhouse. the Reality and Consequences of a Global Climate Warming, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa OK. 26-113.

Annotation: MacDonald provides statistical and mathematical data to back up the greenhouse effect theory. He also predicts how much the temperature and sea level will rise due to global warming.

Morgenstern, Dr. Richard D. (1990). Mitigation strategies: Policy options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, their effectiveness and economic implications. the Reality and Consequences of a Global Climate Warming, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa OK. 151-162.

Annotation: Morgenstern first touches on the political implications of the global warming debate. He also comments on developments in the global environment. Morgenstern also outlines a plan of action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Potential sea level rise worse than previously expected. (2006, ). Message posted to http://latestinsciencetechnology.blogspot.com/2006/09/potential-sea-level-rise-worse-than.html

Annotation: The blog article states that the possiblility of a 5 m sea level rise exists over the next 100 years. This claim is based on new data about the amount of ice melting off of Greenland every year.

Rosenberg, Dr. Norman J., & Schneider, Dr. Stephen H. (1989). The greenhouse effect: Its causes, possible impacts and associated uncertainties. the Reality and Consequences of a Global Climate Warming, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa OK. 163-228.

Annotation: Rosenberg and Schneider begin by stating that CO2 levels are rising. They then discuss the possible repurcussions of this rise in CO2.


Sea Level(2000). United States Environmental Protection Agency.http://yosemite.epa.gov/oar/globalwarming.nsf/content/ClimateFutureClimateSeaLevel.html

Annotation: This article discusses the causes of sea level rise and offers projections of future sea level rise. This website details the range of values for possible sea level rise due to global warming. The probabilities of each sea level rise are given.

Vulnerability and adaptation to climate change(1996). In Smith J. B., Huq S., Lenhart S., Mata L. J., Nemesova I. and Toure S. (Eds.), . Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Annotation: This book details the vulnerability of several countries and regions to climate change based on a variety of factors. Suggestions are also given about how the countries and regions could adapt to a changing climate.

What Causes the Sea Level to Change?(2006). http://www.unep.org/themes/climatechange/Maps_And_Graphics/UNEP_GRID/Climate_Change/index.asp

Annotation: This is just a really cool graphic of all of the factors that contribute to sea level rise and the relative size of each factor's contribution.

White, Dr. Robert M. (1990). The great climate debate. The Reality and Consequences of a Global Climate Warming, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa OK. 1-25.

Annotation: White first discusses the political turmoil surrounding global warming in the late 1980's and early 1990's. He also details the scientific debate over global warming that was occurring at the same time. White then goes on to describe the different theories of the causes and effects of global warming.