Grammar Notes Lesson 2B

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I． これ、それ、あれ、どれ

 
      これ-- this thing near me
      それ-- that thing near you
      あれ-- that thing over there
      どれ-- which thing 

 
れい(Examples)
 

1. A: なんですか。                 
       What is it?
    B: これですか。ざっしです。     
       You mean this?  It's a magazine.
 2. A: いくらですか。               
       How much is it?
    B: どれですか。                 
       Which one?
    A: それです。                   
       That one.
 3. A: きれいですねえ。             
       It's pretty, isn't it?
    B: あれですか。ああ、きれいですねえ。
       You mean that one over there?  Oh, it IS pretty.

れんしゅう(Exercises)--Respond to the following questions.

  1. なんですか。 (Is it this one?)
  2. これですか。 (No, it is that one (near you).)
  3. どれですか。 (It is that one over there.)
  4. かいましたか。 (Which one is it?)
  5. あれですか。 (No, it isn't that one. It's this one.)

II．Personal　Referents

 
Avoid using personal pronouns (such as "he", "she" or "you") as much
as possible!  Japanese use personal names instead of the pronouns.

 
れい(Examples)


 1. A: たなかさん、いきませんか。         
       Mr. Tanaka, won't you go?
    B: わたしですか。いえ、ちょっと…    
       Me? Well, no...
 2. A: すずきさんじゃありませんか。       
       Isn't he Mr. Suzuki?
    B: そうですね。すずきさんですね。   
       That's right.  He is Mr. Suzuki.

れんしゅう(Exercises)--Express the following in Japanese.

  1. A: Do you understand?
    B: Yes, I do.
  2. A: Are you a student, Mrs. Saito?
    B: Yes, I am.
  3. A: Is she a teacher?
    B: No, she is a student.
  4. A: Aren't you Mr. Yamada?
    B: No. I'm Tanaka.

III．Counting　numbers　and　money　(p. 57 of JSL)

 

 
れい(Examples)

 1. A: いくらですか。               
       How much is it?
    B: １５４(ひゃくごじゅうよ)えんです。
       It's 154 yen.
 2. A: いくらでしたか。               
       How much was it?
    B: ３６９０(さんぜんろっぴゃくきゅうじゅう)えんでした。
       It was 3690 yen.

れんしゅう(Exercises)--Express the following in Japanese.

  1. １７
  2. ７１
  3. ￥４４
  4. ４６０
  5. ６５９
  6. ￥１００
  7. ￥８００
  8. ￥１０００
  9. ￥３３７７
  10. ￥８９９９

［MN］

 
 1. じしょ vs. じてん 
    e.g. えいわじてん (English-Japanese dictionary)
         わえいじてん (Japanese-English dictionary) 

 2. Polite alternates:
    ともだち vs. おともだち  "friend(s)"
    だれ vs. どなた "who"
    いくら vs. おいくら "how much"

 3. Usage of じゃ(あ)   "well then; if that is the case"

    e.g. A: えいごですよ。
            It's English.
         B: じゃ、わかります。
            Well, if that's the case, I understand it.

 4. Personal Pronouns: 
     わた(く)し ("I")
     ぼく ("I", used only by men)
     あなた ("you")

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