Grammar Notes $BBh(J 8 $B2](J A

I$B!%(JClassifiers$B!'(J-$BF|(J[ka/nichi],-$B;~4V(J[zikan],-$B;~(J[zi],-$BJ,(J[hun/pun]

 
 Note: Study carefully the classifiers which are listed on pp.191-192.

 Examples     1.A:$B:#!"2?;~$G$9$+!#(J          B:$B#1#0;~#1#5J,$G$9!#(J
              2.A:$B:#F|$O!"2?F|$G$9$+!#(J      B:$B0lF|$G$9!#(J
              3.A:$B:#F|!"$8$e$.$g$&$O2?;~4V$"$j$^$9$+!#(J     
                B:$BFs;~4V$@$1$G$9!#(J


$B#I#I!%#A#p#p#r#o#x#i#m#a#t#i#o#n!'$4$m(J and $B$0$i$$(J
 $B$4$m(J----about a point of time, not a duration of time
 $B$0$i$$(J--used with extent expressions, about a duration of time or quantity
 Examples     
     1.$B8^;~$4$m$$$i$C$7$c$C$F2<$5$$!#(J
     2.$B$3$s$J;f$r#3#0$^$$$0$i$$Gc$C$FMh$F2<$5$$$^$;$s$+!#(J
       cf.$B$3$s$J;f$r#3#0$^$$$[$IGc$C$FMh$F2<$5$$$^$;$s$+!#(J

Exercises - Translate the following into Japanese.

  1. about two hours
  2. about 4:30
  3. about 7 days
  4. about $5000
  5. about ten (units)
  6. about 2 o'clock
  7. I drank about 20 bottles of beer yesterday.
  8. I read about 200 pages of this book.
  9. The conference is from about 9:00 tomorrow.
  10. About when will you go to the class today?

III$B!%(JPerfective$B!!(Jin$B!!(JRecall

 
 Examples  

     1.$B%"%a%j%+$?$$$7$+$s$O!"$H$i$N$b$s$G$7$?$M!#(J
     2. A:$B$"$7$?6e;~$K$$$i$C$7$c$C$F2<$5$$!#(J
        B:$B6e;~!)(J $B==;~$8$c$"$j$^$;$s$G$7$?$+!#(J

Exercises - Translate the following into Japanese

  1. The meeting was tomorrow, wasn't it (as I recall it)?
  2. The test[$B%F%9%H(J] was Monday, wasn't it (as I recall it)?
  3. A: Where was Parco (do you remember)?
    B: Parco is near the Ueno Station.

IV$B!%(JCopula$B!!(JGerund$B!'(JN/$B$J(J-Adj.$B!\$G(J

 
 Examples

 1.$B$3$NK\$OF|K\8l$G!"$=$NK\$OCf9q8l$G$9!#(J(Connecting Nominals/$B$J(J-Adj.)
 2.$B$R$3$&$-$O$i$/$G$$$$$G$9$M!#(J          (Giving reason)
 3.$B$($s$T$D$G$$$$$G$9$+!#(J                (Asking for/providing permission)
   cf.$B$($s$T$D$G=q$$$F$$$$$G$9$+!#(J

Exercises - Translate the following into Japanese.

  1. This shop is pretty and cheap.
  2. The bullet train is pretty and comfortable.
  3. This shop, being pretty, is nice.
  4. This building, being inconvenient, is a bother.
  5. Is it all right to be in Hiragana? (i.e.Will Hiragana be all right?)
  6. A: Will English be all right?
    B:Yes, English will be fine.
  7. Is it all right to use English?

Miscellaneous Notes

 
1. $B$"$H0l;~4V(J vs. $B$b$&0l;~4V(J 

2. $B$H$a$^$9(J --     a.$B





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[Lesson 8 Quiz Review] 
[Japanese 2]