レッスン２７A 例文
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SP1:Simultaneous Action Xながら Y (Y=main activity) |
1.
テレビを見ながらご飯を食べるのはやめて。
Stop watching
television while eating meals.
2.
歩きながらマンガを読んだら危ないでしょ！
Isn’t it dangerous
to walk while you’re reading manga!
3.
高校のときのなつかしい話しをしながら、朝まで酒を飲んだ。
While having a nostalgic talk about when we were in high-school, we drank
alcohol until morning.
4.
弟はちゃんと起こしてくれなかった母に文句を言いながら、家を出ていった。
While complaining
that our mother had not woken us up, my younger brother left the house.
5.
インフルエンザのため、残念ながら、明日の山川さんの結婚式には出られそうもありません。
Because of the flu,
it’s too bad, but it doesn’t look like I’ll be able to go to Yamakawa-san’s wedding
tomorrow.
6.
早く旅行の予定を立てようと思いながら、仕事が忙しくてつい、、、。すみません。
While thinking that
I would set up the schedule for the trip early, I was busy at work and unintentionally…. Sorry.
7.
いつか教えてあげなきゃと思いながら、まだ子どもと性について話していない。
While thinking that
I have to tell them sometime, I still haven’t talked to my kids about sex.
8.
知ってる、知ってると言いながら、本当は何も知らないようだ。
While saying “I
know, I know”, it seems he really doesn’t know anything.
9.
体に悪いと分かっていながら、なかなかタバコがやめられない。
While understanding
that it is bad for his body, he really can’t stop smoking cigarettes.
10.
こんな大変な仕事を頼んでおきながら、お礼も言わないのはいけないですよ。
While asking
someone to do a job this tough, it is bad if you didn’t even express your
gratitude.
While even looking up her address
and phone number, why is it that you didn’t go to see her?
I am still studying
Japanese, but since it’s while I’m working, I will not get very good.
I think I heard that
story, but since it was while I was watching television, I don’t remember it very
well.
While Natsumi-chan was still twelve years-old, she was smarter
than my older brother who went to the math Olympics.
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SP2: Provisional ば “Provided X , then Y” emphasis on
X Request/incitation/command cannot be Y
(Use 〜たら instead) |
Affirmative Predicate + ば
1.
あれだけ何度も説明すれば、経験のない人でもできるはずです。
Provided you just
explain that many times, it’s expected that even a person with no experience
can do it.
2.
その本、急ぎませんから、ご都合のいい時に返して下されば結構です。
There’s no rush, so
provided you return that book to me when it is convenient to you,
that is fine.
3.
フォーマルなパーティだと知っていれば、もう少しきれいな服を着てきたのに。
Provided I had
known that this is a formal party, I would have come
wearing clothes that were a little prettier.
4.
今すぐに出れば、11時の特急に間に合うでしょう。
Provided we leave
now, we should make it in time for the 11 o’clock special express.
5.
よければ、このタオルをお使いください。
If you would like,
please use this towel.
6.
確かに難しい問題だけど、よく考えればわからないはずはない。
It certainly is a
difficult problem, but provided you really think about it, there’s no way you
won’t understand it.
7.
大きな地震がおきれば、東京はパニックになるかもしれない。
Provided a big earthquake occurs, Tokyo may become a place of panic.
8.
財布が床に落ちていれば、誰かが拾ってくれたと思うけど。
Provided my wallet had fallen to the floor, I think someone would have picked
it up for me, but….
9.
この島は夏のうちは涼しいので観光客が多いですが、冬になれば、本当にさびしいところですよ。
This island is cool
in the summertime, so there are many sightseers, but when it becomes winter, it
is a really lonely place.
10.
先生がおいでになることを知っていれば、時間をあけておきましたのに、、。
Provided I had known that Teacher was going, I would have set aside some
open time….
11.
彼女には若くてかわいければ誰でもいい、と言ったら「最低！」とコメントが来た。
When he said that
for a girlfriend, anyone is fine provided they are young and pretty, the
comment “You’re terrible!” came in.
12.
使い方は、このマニュアルを読めば分かると思いますけど、分からなければお教えします。
I think that
provided you read this manual, you will understand the way of using it, but if
you don’t understand I will teach you.
13.
心理学の論文の翻訳は短ければ、来週末までには済ませられると思います。
Provided that the
translation of the psychology thesis is short, I think I will be able to finish
by next weekend.
14.
少しやってみておもしろければ、この研究を続けようと思っています。
Provided I try it a
little and it’s interesting, I am thinking I will continue this research.
Negative Predicate + ば
1.
実験の結果を読まなければ、次のステップは決められません。
Unless I read the result of the experiment, I cannot decide the next step.
2.
試験を受けなければ、その学校には入れてもらえないそうです。
Unless I take the
test, I hear that I cannot be let in to that school.
3.
もっと雪が降らなければスキーはできそうにもない。
Unless it snows
more, it doesn’t look like I will be able to ski.
4.
やさしい男性じゃなければ、付き合うつもりはない。
Unless he is a nice
man, I have no intention of dating him.
5.
見たら気持ちがよくなるタイプの映画じゃなければ、わざわざ見に行きたくないよ。
Unless it’s the
type of movie that makes you feel good after seeing it, I don’t want to go all
the way to see it.
6.
天気がよくなければ、せっかくのキャンプもつまらないね。
Unless the weather
is good, the camping that we’ve been waiting for will be boring.
7.
天ぷらは熱くなければおいしくないよ。
Unless the tempura
is hot, it doesn’t taste good.
8.
必要がなければ、コンピューターなんか持っていかなくてもいいです。
Unless it’s
required, you don’t have to go bringing a computer and the like.
9.
事情を話したくなければ、無理に話さないほうがいいと思う。
Unless you want to
talk about the circumstances, I think it’s better not to strain yourself into
talking about it.
Nominal/Nominal equivalent ＋なら （=ならば）
1.
彼女のことが好きなら、好きだと言ったら？
Provided you like her, what if you told her that?
2.
社長なら社長らしく、責任を取るべきだ。
Provided that he’s the company president, he should take responsibility
like a company president.
3.
もし講演がおもしろくなさそうなら、出ずに帰ってもいいって。
Provided the lecture doesn’t look interesting, she said it’s okay if we go
home without attending it.
4.
そんなに暇なら、今からうちに遊びに来れば？
Provided you’re
that out of things to do, how about if you came over to my house now to play?
5.
無理ならやらなくてもいいと言ってくれたけど、これは私の責任だし、、。
Provided it’s
impossible, then he said it’s alright not to do it, but since this is my
responsibility….
6.
私なら、もっとおいしい料理を作ってあげられるのに。
If it were me, I
could have made you more delicious cooking, but….
7.
課長なら、さっき会議室で森さんと話していらっしゃいましたけど。
Provided it’s the
section manager we’re talking about, he was just talking to Mori-san in the
conference room, but….
8.
留学ビザについてのことなら、渡辺さんが詳しいはずです。
Provided it’s study abroad visas we’re talking about, it’s expected that
Watanabe-san knows a lot about it.
9.
この研究所がもっと静かなら、仕事がやりやすいと思いますが、これではだめですね。
Provided this research laboratory was quieter, I think it would be easier
to work, but this is bad.
10.
あの人となら、楽しく仕事ができそうだ。
Provided it’s that
person we’re talking about, it seems you could do the job enjoyably with him.
11.
帰りに運転する（の）なら、お酒は飲んじゃだめですよ。
As long as it’s a
matter of driving home, you must not drink alcohol.
12.
九州まで行く（の）なら、広島にも寄ってみたらいかがですか。
As long as we’re
going to Kyushu, how about if we stopped to see Hiroshima?
13.
寝ている（の）なら、起こさなくてもいいです。
As long as he’s
sleeping, it’s alright not to wake him up.
14.
いい就職が見つからないのなら、うちの会社でアルバイトを探しているから聞いてあげようか。
If it’s a matter of
you not finding a good job, my company is looking for part-timers, so shall I
ask for you?
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SP3: Necessity 〜なければ（〜なきゃ）いけない ／ならない／だめ |
About that apartment, I hear they ended up deciding on
other people, so we have to look for a different place.
The bus had just left, and we had to wait a long time
until the next bus.
Is it true that we have to do that homework by
tomorrow?
As long as it’s a matter of you not being able to go
at the time you promised, you definitely have to contact them.
I left my umbrella inside the train and came back, and
had to buy a new one at the convenience store.
While understanding that I have to get to sleep
earlier, last night I watched television until late again.
I have to do my
homework, and what’s more I have to go to tennis practice….
I have to consult with the person in charge, so could I please have you
wait a little bit?
If it becomes that I
have to pay money, I wonder what I will do.
When it becomes that
I have to come into the company on Saturday also, I will have to give up on my
date.
SP4 Nominal-XかNominal-Y “ either X
or Y”
1.
医者か弁護士になりたいと思っていたが、難しそうなのであきらめた。
I was thinking I
wanted to become a doctor or a lawyer, but it looks hard so I gave up.
2.
少し涼しくなったら、ヨガかティラピスでも始めようと思っている。
When it gets a
little cooler, I am thinking I will start either yoga or therapies.
3.
広田と申しますが、お父さんかお母さん、いらっしゃいますか？
My name is Hiroda -- are either your father or your mother in?
4.
この時間はラッシュアワーだから、車より電車か地下鉄で行った方が確かですよ。
This time is rush
hour, so rather than going by car, it’s certainly better to go by either the
train or the subway.
5.
人類学か歴史かどちらか一つを選ばなければいけないんだけど、どちらもおもしろそうだ。
I have to choose one of either anthropology or
history, but both of them seem interesting.
6.
清水寺か金閣寺を見に行くつもりだと言っていたが、私は清水寺にも金閣寺にも行くべきだと思う。
She was saying that she plans to go and see either Kiyomizu-dera
or Kinkaku-ji, but I think she should go see both.