6.034 Artificial Intelligence - Recitations, fall 2004 online slides on games
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Nondeterministic Game Algorithm
Status of AI Game Players
Tic Tac Toe
Tied for best player in world (with every human over age 12)
Othello
Computer better than any human, human champions now refuse to play computer
Scrabble
Maven beat world champions Joel Sherman and Matt Graham
Backgammon
TD-Gammon plays near level of world's strongest grandmasters
Uses a three-ply search, neural network with 160 hidden units
Search is expensive in backgammon, because all possible dice rolls must be considered
Bridge
Gib is ranked among top players in the world
Poker
Pokie plays at strong intermediate level
Checkers
Chinook
ended 40-year reign of human champion Marion Tinsley in 1994
Used endgame database for all positions involving 8 or fewer pieces on the board,
positions
Chess
Deep Blue beat human champion Gary Kasparov in six-game match in 1997
Deep Blue searches 200M positions/second
Searches up to 40 ply
Now looking at other applications (molecular dynamics, drug synthesis, etc.)
Deep Junior match with Kasparov ends in tie
Go
Human champions refuse to compete against computers, which are not yet at a strong level
The branching factor is greater than 300