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MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Microelectronics Processing Technology
6.152J / 3.155J
Fall Term, 2000
| LECTURE: | Mon., Wed. 2:30pm – 4:00pm | Rm 56-154 |
| LABORATORY: | Arrange Hours | Bldg. 39-MTL 2nd & 4th Floor |
| LECTURERS: | Prof.
Lionel C. Kimerling
|
Room
13-4118 Ext. 3-5383 lckim@mit.edu Rm 13-3065 |
| TEACHING ASSISTANTS: | Yashi
Yi Dr. Pablo Tello |
Rm.
13-4025, Ext. 2-1658 yys@ mit.edu Rm. 4-051, Ext. 3-0981 pgtello@ mit.edu |
| LABORATORY INSTRUCTOR: | Bill Teynor | Rm.
39-213, Ext. 8-6117 solarboy@mtl.mit.edu |
|
COURSE SECRETARY: |
Scott Burris |
Rm 13-3062 Ext.
3-3282 |
|
INSTRUCTOR OFFICE HOURS: |
By
appointment |
|
|
Web address: http://web.mit.edu/afs/athena/course/6/6.152j/ |
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This course introduces the theory and technology of integrated circuit fabrication. Because of the interdisciplinary nature of the subject, its content includes concepts from electrical engineering, chemical engineering, and materials science. In lecture we will discuss the theory of basic processing techniques, such as diffusion, oxidation, epitaxy, photolithography, chemical vapor deposition, plasma etching, and metallization. We will also cover both electrical and material characterization. (See Lecture Schedule).
In the laboratory section of this course, we will be fabricating several test structures, including silicon gate PMOS transistors, p-n junction diodes, Van der Pauw devices, and many other structures in which one will be able to observe the interrelationship between material properties, electrical behavior, and the device fabrication techniques.
At the end of this course one should have a good understanding of the various processing techniques used to fabricate integrated circuits. One should understand the theory of the individual processes, how they are characterized, both electrically and structurally, and the interrelationship of these processes when combined to fabricate integrated circuits.
PREREQUISITES: 6.012, or 6.071, or 3.15
ORGANIZATION:
This course will meet for two 1.5-hour lectures per week (see Lecture Schedule). Laboratory sessions will begin on September 12 and continue until the end of the semester (see Laboratory Schedule). Students will spend approximately one four-hour lab session per week for 9 weeks. At that time, the device structures will have been fabricated and the rest of the lab time will be spent on material and electrical characterization.
HOMEWORK:
There will be approximately 6 homework sets during the semester. The homework sets will be due as indicated on the Homework page.
EXAMS:
There will be three 90-minute in-class quizzes.
FINAL LAB REPORT:
The final lab report is due at Noon, Thursday, December 14. It will be no more than 15 pages in length and will discuss primarily the electrical and material characterization results and relate those to the actual processing conditions during the fabrication sequence. We will distribute a handout that will describe in more detail the final report.
GRADING:
The following combination of homework sets and exams will determine grades:
| Homework | 10% | |
| Quizzes (3) | 55% | |
| Lab Report and Lab Performance | 35% |
| DAY | DATE | LECTURER |
TOPICS & OTHER INFORMATION |
| W M W M W M W M W M W M W M W M W M W M W M W TH M W M W M W TH |
9/6 9/11 9/13 9/18 9/20 9/25 9/27 10/2 10/4 10/9 10/11 10/16 10/18 10/23 10/25 10/30 11/1 11/6 11/8 11/13 11/15 11/20 11/22 11/23 11/27 11/29 12/4 12/6 12/11 12/13 12/14 |
LAK /
LCK LAK LCK LAK LAK ------ LCK LCK LCK ------ LCK ------ LAK LAK LCK LAK LCK LAK LAK LAK ------ Prof. Peter Dedon Prof. Peter Dedon ------- LAK LCK LCK ------ TAs LCK ------ |
Administration
and Safety MIT Process Overview / Device Review Materials Overview Thermal Oxidation Thermal Oxidation Student Holiday- No Class Bulk Crystal Growth Thin Films Chemical Vapor Deposition Columbus Day- Vacation Plasma Processing In-Class QUIZ #1 Doping and Diffusion Doping and Diffusion Ion Implantation Lithography Metalization / Interconnects Electrical Characterization Electrical Characterization Electrical Characterization In-Class QUIZ #2 Environmental Health and Safety Environmental Health and Safety THANKSGIVING VACATION Etching Reliability Yield In-Class QUIZ #3 Process Simulation Review Process Integration FINAL LAB REPORT due by Noon |
There will be six homework assignments
consisting of two questions each. The questions will address specific issues in
integrated circuit processing from a design approach. The questions should be
answered by student teams with one set of solutions submitted by each team. As
soon as possible, you should set up a homework team consisting of no more than
four students.
All participating members of the team should sign each completed assignment. Your signature is your bond that you have contributed significantly to the solutions. The homework will be graded on both writing clarity and technical content. Each member of the team should be the final draft author of at least three solutions during the semester. The final draft author should be identified at the beginning of the solution.
The solution should be approximately 500 words in length (per question) plus data, and should be structured in four sections:
1.
Background (problem definition)
2. Constraints (relevant technical issues that you have learned)
3. Recommended solution (with brief mention of the alternatives)
4. Analysis (basis of your choice)
Additional resources outside of the course curriculum are encouraged.
Problem Set Schedule (tentative)
|
PROBLEM |
DATE OUT DUE |
TOPIC | |
| 1 | 9/11/00 | 9/18/00 | Materials, Devices
and Process |
| 2 | 9/18/00 | 10/02/00 | Bulk Crystal Growth
and Oxidation |
| 3 | 10/02/00 | 10/11/00 | CVD / Thin Films |
| 4 | 10/18/00 | 10/25/00 | Doping/ Diffusion/
Plasma Processing |
| 5 | 10/25/00 | 11/6/00 | Ion Implantation/
Lithography/ Metalization |
| 6 | 11/13/00 | 12/4/00 | Environmental Health and Safety/ Etching/ Reliability |
Other Significant Dates:
9/11 First Day of Lab
10/6 Add Date
11/22 Drop Date
12/14 Lab Report Due
Required:
S.A. Campbell, The Science and Engineering of Microelectronic Fabrication,
Oxford University Press, 1996
Laboratory Manual: http://www-mtl.mit.edu/6152j/6152J.html
Additional References:
S. Wolf, and R. Tauber, Silicon Processing for the VLSI Era, Lattice Press, 1986.
S.K. Ghandi, VLSI Fabrication Principles, 2nd Edition, Wiley, 1994.
S.M. Sze, VLSI Technology, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1988.
Pierret/Neudeck, Modular Series on Solid State Devices, Vols. 1-5, Addison-Wesley, 1984.
A.S. Grove, Physics and Technology of Semiconductor Devices, Wiley, 1977.
J.L. Vossen and W. Kern, Thin Film Processes, Academic Press, 1978.
J.W. Mayer and S.S. Lau, Electronic Materials Science: For Integrated Circuits in Si and GaAs,
Macmillan, 1990.
S.P. Murarka and M.C. Peckerar, Electronic Materials Science and Technology, Academic Press, 1989.
M. Ohring, The Materials Science of Thin Films, Academic Press, 1992.
Other Resources:
|
Journals: |
IEEE Trans. on Electron Devices / IEEE Electron Device Letters |
| Journal of Applied Physics | |
| Applied Physics Letters | |
| Journal of the Electrochemical Society | |
| Journal of Crystal Growth | |
| Journal of Electronic Materials | |
| Journal of Materials Research |
|
Colloquia: |
•EECS Department Colloquim
Series Monday, 4:00pm Room 34-101 |
| •MTL VLSI Seminar Tuesday, 4:00pm Room 34-101 |
|
| •Optics and Quantum Electronics
Seminar Wednesday, 11:00am Room 34-401B |
|
| •Electronic Materials
Seminar Thursday, 4:00pm Room 8-314 |
LABORATORY GROUPS
Lab groups will consist of 6 or fewer students who will meet at 9 assigned times during the semester. The possible times available are numerous, so one should fit your needs. The groups A-F will meet for the day and time periods indicated:
|
GROUP |
MEETING DAY | MEETING TIME |
| A | Tuesday | 9am – 1pm |
| B | Tuesday | 1pm – 5pm |
| C | Thursday | 9am – 1pm |
| D | Thursday | 1pm – 5pm |
| E | Friday | 9am – 1pm |
| F | Friday | 1pm – 5pm |
The scheduled laboratory sessions for the groups are as follows:
|
WEEK OF |
MON | TUE | THU | FRI | |
| Sept | 11-15 18-22 25-29 |
VAC |
A(1) B(1) A(2) B(2) A(3) B(3) |
C(1)D(1) C(2)D(2) C(3)D(3) |
E(1)F(1) E(2)F(2) E(3)F(3) |
| Oct | 2 - 6 9 -13 16-20 23-27 |
VAC |
A(4) B(4) VAC A(5) B(5) A(6) B(6) |
C(4)D(4) C(5)D(5) C(6)D(6) C(7)D(7) |
E(4)F(4) E(5)F(5) E(6)F(6) E(7)F(7) |
| Oct/Nov | 30- 3 | A(7) B(7) | C(8)D(8) | E(8)F(8) | |
| Nov | 6 -10 13-17 20-24 |
A(8) B(8) A(9) B(9) |
C(9)D(9) VAC |
VAC E(9)F(9) VAC |
|
| Nov/Dec | 27- 1 | ||||
| Dec | 4 - 8 11-15 |
Show up on time for your Lab sessions. If you are sick or for some reason you have to miss your Lab session, contact Bill Teynor @ 8-6117 or solarboy@mtl.mit.edu otherwise contact a Teaching Assistant prior to the start of the Lab Session.
For each Lab Session, you MUST enter the lab with Bill Teynor or a TA, who will have a MTL identification card which allows access inside. If you are late, you must see Mara Karapetian in Rm. 39-221 who will page Bill to come out of the lab and retrieve you.
Store your coats and any personal belongings in the second floor lockers. DO NOT LEAVE ANY VALUABLE ITEM(S) IN LOCKERS!
ICL/TRL are CLASS 10 and class 100 clean-rooms respectively. You should not bring anything into these clean-rooms (including pens, paper, notebooks etc.). Special clean-room pens and paper are available inside the room.
No shorts, skirts, sandals, open toed shoes or barefeet (exposed legs or skin) are allowed in the Lab. Bring an extra pair of shoes for changing if you wear snow boots. You must protect yourself and the laboratory.
Questions, comments should be directed to Laboratory Instructor, Bill Teynor.
The homework, quizzes, and final report, which are required in this course, have the primary function of helping you learn the material. The secondary function of these assignments is to aid the staff in assessing your understanding of the material, in particular when the time comes to provide a final grade for the course. To this end, the extent to which you collaborate with your colleagues in preparing this material must be understood and agreed upon by both the students and the staff. The following is our policy regarding permissible levels of collaboration. This is intended to provide guidance, but please recognize that a violation of this policy will be dealt with in the most severe manner available to the staff.
The homework assignments are intended nearly exclusively as a learning tool. As such, we are comfortable with collaboration amongst students on the solving of these assignments, provided all collaborators are equal contributors to the solution. Further guidelines regarding the homework solutions are found on page entitled Homework.
The in-class quizzes are important to the staff in assessing your performance. Collaborations in taking these exams are not permitted.
The final report is intended to permit you to "pull together" all of the material from the semester. You will work in-groups in fabricating devices and in collecting the "in-process" data (e.g., ellipsometer, dektak). However, the final device testing must be done individually, and the results and conclusions presented in the final report must be exclusively your own. The use of final reports written in previous terms is strictly forbidden. The staff will be available to assist you in the preparation of this report.
Please print and fill out the following information to familiarize us with your course background
and allow us to assign you to a laboratory session. PLEASE PRINT!
1. Name: _________________________________________________________________
Term Address:
Phone Number:
E-mail Address:
2. Department:
Year:
3. Indicate FOUR lab sessions in order of preference:
|
GROUP |
MEETING DAY |
MEETING TIME |
PREFERENCE |
|
A |
Tuesday |
9am - 1pm |
|
|
B |
Tuesday |
1pm - 5pm |
|
|
C |
Thursday |
9am - 1pm |
|
|
D |
Thursday |
1pm - 5pm |
|
|
E |
Friday |
9am - 1pm |
|
|
F |
Friday |
1pm - 5pm |
|
4. Indicate which of the following courses (or equivalent) you have taken:
6.002 3.01
6.012 3.10
6.071 3.15
6.720