"Abstraction of [[numeric|Numeric]] types with a natural [[total order|Comparable]], including the built-in numeric types [[Integer]] and [[Float]]. A `Number` has a well-defined [[magnitude]] together with a [[sign]] of type [[Integer]], defined for any instance `x` as follows: - if `x==0` then `x.sign==0` and `x.magnitude==0`, - if `x>0` then `x.sign==1` and `x.magnitude==x`, or - if `x<0` then `x.sign==-1` and `x.magnitude==-x`, where `0` is the additive identity of the numeric type. Not every value commonly considered to be a \"number\" is a `Number`. For example, complex numbers aren't `Number`s since they don't have a total order." see (`class Integer`, `class Float`) by ("Gavin") tagged("Numbers") shared interface Number<Other> of Other satisfies Numeric<Other> & Comparable<Other> given Other satisfies Number<Other> { "The magnitude of this number, defined for any instance `x` as: - `-x` if `x<0`, or - `x` otherwise, where `0` is the additive identity. Hence: - `x.magnitude >= 0` for any `x`, and - `x.magnitude == 0` if and only if `x==0`." aliased("absolute") shared default Other magnitude => negative then negated else this of Other; "The sign of this number: - `1` if the number is [[positive]], - `-1` if it is [[negative]], or - `0` if it is the additive identity. Must satisfy: x.magnitude.timesInteger(x.sign) == x" shared default Integer sign { if (positive) { return 1; } else if (negative) { return -1; } else { return 0; } } "Determine if the number is strictly positive, that is, if `this>0`, where `0` is the additive identity." shared formal Boolean positive; "Determine if the number is strictly negative, that is, if `this<0`, where `0` is the additive identity." shared formal Boolean negative; "The fractional part of this number, after truncation of the integral part. For [[Integral]] numeric types, the fractional part is always zero." shared formal Other fractionalPart; "The integral value of the number after truncation of the fractional part. For [[Integral]] numeric types, the integral value of a number is the number itself." shared formal Other wholePart; "The result of multiplying this number by the given [[Integer]]." shared formal Other timesInteger(Integer integer); "The result of adding this number to the given [[Integer]]." shared formal Other plusInteger(Integer integer); "The result of raising this number to the given non-negative [[Integer]] power. For a negative power, the behavior is implementation-dependent." throws (`class AssertionError`, "if the exponent is a negative power and this is an integral numeric type") shared formal Other powerOfInteger(Integer integer); }