LECTURES

3.091 FALL TERM 2009
Lecture and Reading Assignment Schedule

The projected schedule may be subject to change. Readings refer to the text, Chemistry, Principles, Patterns and Applications, published by Pearson Custom Publishing. ISBN: 0558333176. Available at MIT Coop, Kendall Square. Other readings come from 3.091 Lecture Notes written by Professor A.F. Witt and stored in the electronic archives . The assigned readings should be completed before each lecture.

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SEPTEMBER

September 9: Lecture 1. Vision Statement, Administrative Details. Introduction. Taxonomy of chemical species. Origins of modern chemistry. Reading : Averill Ch. 1.
Lecture 1 Notes
Video: 384K

September 11: Lecture 2. Classification schemes for the elements. Mendeleyev and the Periodic Table. Atomic structure. Reading : Averill 1.7, p. 302 (Ch. 7), 1.6, 3.0-3.4.
Video: 384K
Lecture 2 Notes
Supplemental Readings

September 14: Lecture 3. Rutherford model of the atom, Bohr model of hydrogen. Reading : Averill 1.5, 6.2-6.3.
Video: 384K
Lecture 3 Notes
Supplemental Readings

September 16: Lecture 4. Atomic spectra of hydrogen, matter/energy interactions involving atomic hydrogen. Reading : Averill 6.4, Cecilia Payne .
Video: 384K
Lecture 4 Notes
Supplemental Readings

September 18: Lecture 5. The Shell Model (Bohr- Sommerfeld Model) and multi-electron atoms. Quantum numbers: n, l, m, s. Reading: Averill 6.5.  
Video: 384K
Lecture 5 Notes
Supplemental Readings

September 21: Lecture 6. De Broglie , Heisenberg, and Schrödinger. The Aufbau Principle, Pauli Exclusion Principle, and Hund's Rules. Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Average Valence Electron Energy. Reading : Averill 6.4. 
Video: 384K
Lecture 6 Notes
Supplemental Readings

September 23: Lecture 7. Octet stability by electron transfer: ionic bonding. Properties of ionic compounds: crystal lattice energy. Reading: Averill 8.1-8.2, 12.5, 8.3.
Video: 384K
Lecture 7 Notes
Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Supplemental Readings

September 25: Lecture 8. Born- Haber cycle. Octet stability by electron sharing: covalent bonding. Lewis structures. Hybridization. Reading : Averill 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.8, 8.6, 9.2.
Video: 384K
Lecture 8 Notes
Supplemental Readings

September 28: Lecture 9. Electronegativity , partial charge, polar bonds and polar molecules. Ionic character of covalent bonds, Pauling's calculation of heteronuclear bond energies. Reading : Averill 7.3 (320), 8.9.  
Video: 384K
Lecture 9 Notes
Supplemental Readings

September 30: Lecture 10. LCAO MO, Energy Level Diagrams for H 2 , He 2 , Li 2 . Hybridization, double bonds and triple bonds, paramagnetism and diamagetism . Reading : Averill 9.3, 9.2, 9.4.
Video: 384K
Lecture 10 Notes

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OCTOBER

October 2 : Lecture 11. The Shapes of Molecules, Valence-Shell Electron-Pair-Repulsion (VSEPR) Model or Electron Domain Method, Secondary Bonding. Searching for and Assessing the Quality of Scientific Information. Reading : Averill 9.! 1, 11.2; Shackelford 2-5.
Video: 384K
Lecture 11 Notes
Shackelford Chapter 2

October 5: Lecture 12. Metallic Bonding, Band Theory of Solids ( Heitler and London ), Band Gaps in Metals, Semiconductors, and Insulators, Absorption Edge of a Semiconductor. Reading : Averill 12.5, 12.6; Shackelford 2-5, 2-4, 15-1, 15-2, 15-5, Archive Lecture Notes 3.
Video: 384K
Lecture 12 Note
Shackelford Chapter 15

October 7: Test #1 . REMEMBER TO BRING YOUR PERIODIC TABLES, TABLES OF CONSTANTS, AND CALCULATORS (be sure there is charge on the battery!). USE OF AID SHEET ALLOWED -- one page, 8 1/2 x 11, write on it (both sides) anything you deem to be useful. USE OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS DEVICES STRICTLY FORBIDDEN.

October 9: Lecture 13. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors, Doping, Compound Semiconductors, Molten Semiconductors. Reading : Averill 12.6, .Archive Lecture Notes 3.
Video: 384K
Lecture 13 Notes
Supplemental Readings

October 13: Lecture 14. Introduction to the Solid State , the 7 Crystal Systems, the 14 Bravais Lattices. Reading : Averill 12.1, 12.2; Shackelford 3-1.
Video: 384K
Lecture 14 Notes
Supplemental Readings

October 14: Lecture 15. Properties of Cubic Crystals : simple cubic, face-centered cubic, body-centered cubic, diamond cubic. Crystal coordinate systems, Miller indices. Reading : Averill 12.1, 12.2; Shackelford 3-2, 3-6.   
Video: 384K
Lecture 15 Notes
Supplemental Readings

October 16: Lecture 16. Characterization of atomic structure: the generation of x-rays and Moseley's Law. Reading : Averill pp. 305, 535, 536; Cullity pp. 1E-11E, 19E-22E.   
Video: 384K
Lecture 16 Notes
Supplemental Readings

October 19: Lecture 17. X-ray spectra, Bragg's Law. Reading : Shackelford 3-7.  
Video: 384K
Lecture 17 Notes
Supplemental Readings

October 21: Lecture 18. X-ray diffraction of crystals: diffractometry , Debye-Scherrer , Laue . Crystal symmetry. Reading : Averill 12.3; Shackelford 3-7.  
Video: 384K
Lecture 18 Notes

October 23 Lecture 19. Defects in crystals: point defects, line defects, interfacial defects, voids. Reading : Averill 12.4; Shackelford 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 5-1.  
Video: 384K
Lecture 19 Notes
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October 26: Lecture 20. Amorphous solids, glass formation, inorganic glasses: silicates. Reading : Shackelford 4-5, 12  
Video: 384K
Lecture 20 Notes
Supplemental Readings

October 28 : Test #2. REMEMBER TO BRING YOUR PERIODIC TABLES, TABLES OF CONSTANTS, AND CALCULATORS (be sure there is charge on the battery!). USE OF AID SHEET ALLOWED -- one page, 8 1/2 x 11, write on it (both sides) anything you deem to be useful. USE OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS DEVICES STRICTLY FORBIDDEN.

October 30: Lecture 21. Engineered glasses: network formers, network modifiers, intermediates. Properties of silicate glasses. Metallic glass. Reading : Shackelford 12.  
Video: 384K
Lecture 21 Notes
Supplemental Readings

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NOVEMBER

November 2: Lecture 22. Chemical kinetics: the rate equation, order of reaction, rate laws for zeroth , first, and second order reactions. Temperature dependence of rate of reaction. Reading :Averill 14.1-14.5. 
Video: 384K
Lecture 22 Notes
Supplemental Readings

November 4: Lecture 23. Diffusion: Fick's First Law and steady-state diffusion, dependence of the diffusion coefficient on temperature and on atomic arrangement. Reading : Averill 10.7; Shackelford 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 5-5.
Video: 384K
Lecture 23 Notes
Supplemental Readings

November 6: Lecture 24. Fick's Second Law ( FSL ) and transient-state diffusion; error function solutions to FSL . Reading : Shackelford 5-3.
Video: 384K
Lecture 24 Notes
Supplemental Readings

November 9: Lecture 25. Organic chemistry: basic concepts, alkanes , alkenes, alkynes, aromatics, functional groups, alcohols and ethers, aldehydes and ketones , esters, amines. Reading : Averill 24.1-24.2.
Video: 384K
Lecture 25 Notes
New York Times glass article #1
New York Times glass article #2

November 13: Lecture 26. Solutions: solute, solvent, solution, solubility rules, solubility product. Reading : Averill 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 17.1, 17.4.
Video: 384K
Lecture 26 Notes

November 16: Lecture 27. Acids and Bases: Arrhenius , Brønsted -Lowry, and Lewis definitions, acid strength and pH. Reading : Averill 4.6, 8.7, 16.1-16.4.
Video: 384K
Lecture 27 Notes
Supplemental Readings

November 18: Lecture 28. Polymers: synthesis by addition polymerization and by condensation polymerization. Reading : Averill 12.8; Bruice 1232-1261.
Video: 384K
Lecture 28 Notes
Supplemental Readings

November 20: Lecture 29. Structure-property relationships in polymers, crystalline polymers. Reading : Shackelford 13-1, 13-5.
Video: 384K
Lecture 29 Notes
Supplemental Readings

November 23: Test #3. REMEMBER TO BRING YOUR PERIODIC TABLES, TABLES OF CONSTANTS, AND CALCULATORS (be sure there is charge on the battery!). USE OF AID SHEET ALLOWED -- one page, 8 1/2 x 11, write on it (both sides) anything you deem to be useful. USE OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS DEVICES STRICTLY FORBIDDEN. 

November 25: Lecture 30. Biochemistry: the amino acids, peptides, and proteins. Reading : Averill 12.8, 24.6; Bruice 17-1, 17-2, 17-3, 17-4; Horton 3-1 - 3-5.
Video: 384K
Lecture 30 Notes
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November 30 : Lecture 31. Protein structure: primary, secondary, tertiary; denaturing of proteins. Reading : Bruice 17-6, 17-7, 17-8, 17-9, 17-10, 17-11, 17-12. 
Video: 384K
Lecture 31 Notes

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DECEMBER

December 2: Lecture 32. Lipids: self assembly into bilayers . Nucleic acids, DNA, encoding information for protein synthesis. Electrochemistry of batteries and fuel cells. Reading :Averill 24.6, 19.5; Bruice 20-1, 20-2, 20-3, 20-4, 20-5, 21-2, 21-5, 21-8.
Video: 384K  
Lecture 32 Notes
Supplemental Readings

December 4: Lecture 33. Phase diagrams -   basic definitions: phase, component, equilibrium; one-component phase diagrams.  Reading : Averill 11.2, 11.6, 11.7.
Video: 384K
Lecture 33 Notes
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Supplemental Readings

December 7: Lecture 34. Two-component phase diagrams: complete solid solubility. Reading : Shackelford 9-1, 9-2 (pp 309-313).
Video: 384K
Lecture 34 Notes

December 9: Lecture 35. Two-component phase diagrams: limited solid solubility. Lever Rule. Wrap-up: closing remarks about 3.091. Student Course Evaluations. Reading : Shackelford 9-2 (pp 313-317), 9-3.
Video: 384K
Lecture 35 Notes
Supplemental Readings

FINAL EXAM, Tuesday, December 15, 9:00 AM - 12:00 NOON, Johnson Athletic Center. Do not plan to leave town until after your last final exam .