Rechargeable lithium polymer batteries are of interest for portable power applications ranging from consumer electronics to smart textiles to hybrid and zero-emission vehicles. In LPBs, the conventional liquid electrolyte is replaced by a thin film of solid polymer, eliminating the need for heavy casing (which lowers energy density), and increasing battery thermal and chemical stability (and therefore safety). Lithium salts dissolved in the polymer provide the needed charge carriers. Research in our group has focused on the development of block and graft copolymer electrolytes, and their use as structure-directing agents in the formation of nanocomposite electrodes.