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cut writes to standard output selected parts of each line of each
input file, or standard input if no files are given or for a filename of
`-'. Synopsis:
cut [option]... [file]...
In the table which follows, the byte-list, character-list,
and field-list are one or more numbers or ranges (two numbers
separated by a dash) separated by commas. Bytes, characters, and
fields are numbered from starting at 1. Incomplete ranges may be
given: `-m' means `1-m'; `n-' means
`n' through end of line or last field.
The program accepts the following options. Also see section Common options.
- `-b byte-list'
- `--bytes=byte-list'
- @opindex -b
@opindex --bytes
Print only the bytes in positions listed in byte-list. Tabs and
backspaces are treated like any other character; they take up 1 byte.
- `-c character-list'
- `--characters=character-list'
- @opindex -c
@opindex --characters
Print only characters in positions listed in character-list.
The same as `-b' for now, but internationalization will change
that. Tabs and backspaces are treated like any other character; they
take up 1 character.
- `-f field-list'
- `--fields=field-list'
- @opindex -f
@opindex --fields
Print only the fields listed in field-list. Fields are
separated by a TAB by default.
- `-d delim'
- `--delimiter=delim'
- @opindex -d
@opindex --delimiter
For `-f', fields are separated by the first character in delim
(default is TAB).
- `-n'
- @opindex -n
Do not split multibyte characters (no-op for now).
- `-s'
- `--only-delimited'
- @opindex -s
@opindex --only-delimited
For `-f', do not print lines that do not contain the field separator
character.
paste writes to standard output lines consisting of sequentially
corresponding lines of each given file, separated by TAB.
Standard input is used for a filename of `-' or if no input files
are given.
Synopsis:
paste [option]... [file]...
The program accepts the following options. Also see section Common options.
- `-s'
- `--serial'
- @opindex -s
@opindex --serial
Paste the lines of one file at a time rather than one line from each
file.
- `-d delim-list'
- `--delimiters delim-list'
- @opindex -d
@opindex --delimiters
Consecutively use the characters in delim-list instead of
TAB to separate merged lines. When delim-list is
exhausted, start again at its beginning.
join writes to standard output a line for each pair of input
lines that have identical join fields. Synopsis:
join [option]... file1 file2
Either file1 or file2 (but not both) can be `-',
meaning standard input. file1 and file2 should be already
sorted in increasing order (not numerically) on the join fields; unless
the `-t' option is given, they should be sorted ignoring blanks at
the start of the line, as in sort -b.
The defaults are: the join field is the first field in each line;
fields in the input are separated by one or more blanks, with leading
blanks on the line ignored; fields in the output are separated by a
space; each output line consists of the join field, the remaining
fields from file1, then the remaining fields from file2.
The program accepts the following options. Also see section Common options.
- `-a file-number'
- @opindex -a
Print a line for each unpairable line in file file-number (either
`1' or `2'), in addition to the normal output.
- `-e string'
- @opindex -e
Replace those output fields that are missing in the input with
string.
- `-1 field'
- `-j1 field'
- @opindex -1
@opindex -j1
Join on field field (a positive integer) of file 1.
- `-2 field'
- `-j2 field'
- @opindex -2
@opindex -j2
Join on field field (a positive integer) of file 2.
- `-j field'
- Equivalent to `-1 field -2 field'.
- `-o field-list...'
- Construct each output line according to the format in field-list.
Each element in field-list consists of a file number (either 1 or
2), a period, and a field number (a positive integer). The elements in
the list are separated by commas or blanks. Multiple field-list
arguments can be given after a single `-o' option; the values
of all lists given with `-o' are concatenated together.
- `-t char'
- Use character char as the input and output field separator.
- `-v file-number'
- Print a line for each unpairable line in file file-number
(either 1 or 2), instead of the normal output.
In addition, when GNU join is invoked with exactly one argument,
options `--help' and `--version' are recognized. See section Common options.
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