-
多様性 (たようせい) n.
-
- diversity
- variety
- multiformity
-
発現 (はつげん) n.
-
- expression
- revelation
- 発現する (はつげんする) VN
-
- express
- reveal
-
遺伝 (いでん) n.
-
- inheritance
- heredity
- 遺伝学 (いでんがく) n.
-
- genetics
- 遺伝子 (いでんし) n.
-
- gene
- 遺伝的/な/ (いでんてきな) AN
-
- genetic
-
生殖 (せいしょく) n.
-
- reproduction
- 生殖細胞 (せいしょくさいぼう) n.
-
- germ cell
- 生殖細胞説 (せいしょくさいぼうせつ) n.
-
- germ cell theory
-
細胞 (さいぼう) n.
-
- cell (biology)
- B細胞 (Bさいぼう) n.
-
- B cell (biology)
-
説 (せつ) n.
-
- theory
-
体 (たい) n.
-
- the body
- substance
- object
- reality
- style
- form
- image counter
- obedience
- complying with
- keeping in mind
-
体 (からだ) n.
-
- body
- health
-
体細胞 (たいさいぼう) n.
-
- somatic cell
-
体細胞説 (たいさいぼうせつ) n.
-
- somatic cell thory
-
長い (ながい) a.
-
- long
- 長い間 (ながいあいだ) phr.
-
- for a long time
-
間 (あいだ) n.
-
- a period
- a space
- a span
- an interval
- between
- 間で (あいだで) phr.
-
- among
-
免疫 (めんえき) n.
-
- immunity
- immunization
-
免疫学 (めんえきがく) n.
-
- immunology
-
免疫学者 (めんえきがくしゃ) n.
-
- immunologist
-
学者 (がくしゃ) n.
-
- scholar
-
テーマ (テーマ) n.
-
- theme
- project
- topic
-
非常に (ひじょうに) ad.
-
- very
- extremely
- exceedingly
- greatly
-
数 (かず) n.
-
- a number
- figure
- 数 (すう) pref.
-
- several
- 数多い (かずおおい) a.
-
- numerous
- many
-
恐らく (おそらく) ad.
-
- probably
- perhaps
-
億 (おく) n.
-
- 100,000,000
- hundred million
-
個 (こ) n.
-
- counter for mil. units (suf)
- individual
-
以上 (いじょう) n.
-
- more than
- exceeding
- greater than
- this is all
- over
- above
- and up
- beyond
- the above-mentioned
- since
- as long as
- the end
-
異なる (ことなる) v.
-
- be unlike
- differ
- be different
- vary
- be dissimilar
- diverge
-
種類 (しゅるい) n.
-
- type
- kind
- variety
- category
- counter for different sorts of things
-
抗体 (こうたい) n.
-
- antibody
-
ため n.
-
- good
- advantage
- benefit
- profit
- interests
- welfare
- sake
- in [on] behalf of
- in order to
- so as to
- for the purpose [sake] of
- because (of)
- on account of
- as
- since
- ために
-
- for
- for the sake [benefit, good] of
- for one's good [sake, interest]
- on one's account
- in favor of
-
必要/な/ (ひつような) AN
-
- necessary
- essential
- indispensable
-
一体 (いったい) ad.
-
- (how, what, why) on earth?
- really?
- generally
-
どういう a.
-
- what kind [sort] of
- how
- why
- in what manner [way]
-
機構 (きこう) n.
-
- mechanism
- organization
-
世代 (せだい) n.
-
- generation
- the world
- the age
- 世代 から世代へ (せだいからせだいへ) phr.
-
- from generation to generation
-
受け継ぐ (うけつぐ) v.
-
- inherit
- succeed
- take over
-
個体 (こたい) n.
-
- an individual (somatic) body
-
中 (なか) n.
-
- inside
- 中で (なかで) phr.
-
- in
-
多数 (たすう) n.
-
- a large [great] number
- numbers
- a multitude
- a plurality
- 多数の (たすうの) phr.
-
- many
- a large [great] number of
- numerous
-
維持する (いじする) VN
-
- maintain
- preserve
- keep
- sustain
-
問題 (もんだい) n.
-
- problem
- question
-
いわゆる a.
-
- so-called
- what is called
- as it is called
-
起源 (きげん) n.
-
- origin
- beginning
- rise
-
どう ad.
-
- how
- in what way
-
年代 (ねんだい) n.
-
- age
- era
- period
- date
-
初め (はじめ) n.
-
- the beginning
- commencement
- 初めに (はじめに) phr.
-
- in the beginning
- at the beginning
-
私 (わたし、わたくし) n.
-
- I
-
スイス n.
-
- Switzerland
- Swiss
-
行く (いく、ゆく) v.
-
- to go
-
研究 (けんきゅう) n.
-
- research
- study
- investigation
- 研究所 (けんきゅうしょ、けんきゅうじょ) n.
-
- research establishment (institute, laboratory, etc.)
- 研究する (けんきゅうする) VN
-
- research
- study
- investigate
-
し始める (しはじめる) v.
-
- begin to do
- start to do
- initiate
-
セオリー n.
-
- theory
-
それぞれの phr.
-
- each
- respective
- several
- one's [it's] own
-
両親 (りょうしん) n.
-
- both parents
-
そのまま phr.
-
- as it is
-
考え方 (かんがえかた) n.
-
- theory
- way of thinking
-
対する (たいする) VN
-
- be opposite to
- be over against
- face
- oppose
- address
- compared with
- それに対して (それにたいして) phr.
-
- on the other hand
- in contrast to
- as against
- これに対して (これにたいして) phr.
-
- against this
- contrary to this
-
我々の (われわれの) phr.
-
- Our
-
限る (かぎる) v.
-
- restrict (I)
- limit
- confine
-
親 (おや) n.
-
- parents
-
成長 (せいちょう) n.
-
- growth (vs)
- grow to adulthood
-
発生 (はっせい) n.
-
- generation
- outbreak (vs)
- spring forth
- occurrence
- incidence
- origin
-
過程 (かてい) n.
-
- process
-
何らかの (なんらかの) phr.
-
- somehow
- some
-
出す (だす) v.
-
- show
- produce
- exhibit
- put out
- send
-
分かれる (わかれる) v.
-
- divide into
- split into
- branch off
- part
- separate
-
実験 (じっけん) n.
-
- experiment
- 実験的/な/ (じっけんてきな) AN
-
- experimental
-
証明 (しょうめい) n.
-
- proof
- verification
- 証明する (しょうめいする) v.
-
- prove
- verify
-
なかなか〜ない phr.
-
- not easily
- by no means
- not nearly
- far from
-
得る (うる) v.
-
- obtain
- acquire
-
得る (える) v.
-
- get
- gain
-
こと n.
-
- a fact
- a matter
- a thing
- circumstances
- details
- particulars
- things
-
ようやく ad.
-
- at (long) last
- finally
- gradually
- little by little
-
制限 (せいげん) n.
-
- restriction (vs)
- restraint
- limitation
- 制限酵素 (せいげんこうそ) n.
-
- restriction enzyme
-
酵素 (こうそ) n.
-
- enzyme
-
および conj.
-
- and
- as well as
-
DNA n.
-
- DNA
- deoxyribonucleic acid
-
組み換え (くみかえ) n.
-
- recombination
- DNA組み換え (DNAくみかえ) n.
-
- experiment
-
手法 (しゅほう) n.
-
- technique
-
開発する (かいはつする) VN
-
- develop
- exploit
-
方法 (ほうほう) n.
-
- method
- manner
- way
- means
- technique
-
使う (つかう) v.
-
- use
- handle
- manipulate
- employ
- need
- want
- spend
- consume
- speak (English)
- practise (fencing)
- take (one's lunch)
- circulate (bad money)
-
複雑/な/ (ふくざつな) AN
-
- complicated
- complex
- 複雑 (ふくざつ) n.
-
- complexity
- complication
-
生物 (せいぶつ) n.
-
- living things
- creature
-
ある a.
-
- a
- a certain
- one
- some
- unnamed
-
特殊/な/ (とくしゅな) AN
-
- specific
- special
- distinctive
- unique
-
蛋白質 (たんぱくしつ) n.
-
- protein
-
対応する (たいおうする) VN
-
- correspond to
- cope with
- deal with
- be equivalent to
-
可能 (かのう) n.
-
- possibility
-
構造 (こうぞう) n.
-
- structure
- construction
-
持つ (もつ) v.
-
- hold
- possess
- carry
-
産生する (さんせいする) VN
-
- produce
-
様子 (ようす) n.
-
- aspect
- state
- appearance
- 様子を見る (ようすをみる) phr.
-
- observ
-
見 (みる) v.
-
- see
- watch
- observe
-
これまで (これまで) phr.
-
- up to date
- up to this time
- until now
- hitherto
- so far
-
知る (しる) v.
-
- know (I)
- understand
- be acquainted with
- feel
- 知れる (しれる) v.
-
- become [be] known
- come to knowledge
- become famous [well known]
-
いろいろ/な/ AN
-
- various
- several
- all sorts [kinds] of
-
変わる (かわる) v.
-
- be different
- change (vi)
- be transformed
- vary
- be revised
- move location
- 変わった (かわった) phr.
-
- different
- various
- diverse
-
分かる (わかる) v.
-
- realize
- come to light
- understand
- see
- discover
- recognize
-
軽 (けい) n.
-
- light
- non-serious
- minor
- 軽鎖 (けいさ) n.
-
- light chain
-
鎖 (さ) n.
-
- chain
-
ように
-
- as
- like
- どのように
-
- in what manner
- how
-
上 (じょう) suf.
-
- on
- on top of
- from the viewpoint [standpoint] of
- viewed in the light of (decipline)
- as a matter of (fact)
-
配列する (はいれつする) VN
-
- arrange
- array
- put in order
- 配列 (はいれつ) n.
-
- sequence
- arrangement
- array (programming)
-
調べる (しらべる) v.
-
- investigate (vt)
- check up
-
可変 (かへん) n.
-
- variable
- changeable
- 可変領域 (かへんりょういき) n.
-
- variable region
- 可変部 (かへんぶ) n.
-
- variable region
-
領域 (りょういき) n.
-
- region
- area
- domain
- territory
- field
- regime
-
呼ぶ (よぶ) v.
-
- call out
- invite
- 呼ばれる (よばれる) v.
-
- be called
-
部分 (ぶぶん) n.
-
- part
- portion
- section
-
距離 (きょり) n.
-
- distance
- range
-
置く (おく) v.
-
- put
- place
-
いくつかの phr.
-
- several
- some
-
コードする (コードする) VN
-
- code
- cord
- chord
-
さらに ad.
-
- moreover
- futhermore
- still more
- again
-
加える (くわえる) v.
-
- append
- sum up
- add (up)
- include
- increase
- inflict
-
不変 (ふへん) n.
-
- invariable
- 不変領域 (ふへんりょういき) n.
-
- invariable region
-
別 (べつ) n.
-
- distinction
- difference
- extra
- exception
- 別の (べつの) phr.
-
- separate
- different
- another
-
それ (それ) pron.
-
- it
- that
-
独自 (どくじ) n.
-
- originality
- individuality
- 独自の (どくじの) phr.
-
- of one's own
- original
- peculiar
- characteristic
- personal
- individual
-
明らか (あきらか)
-
- clear
- distinct
- obvious
-
すなわち ad.
-
- namely
- that is to say
- precisely
- exactly
- (and) then
-
Bリンパ球 (Bリンパきゅう) n.
-
- B lymphocyte
-
場合 (ばあい) n.
-
- case
- situation
-
違う (ちがう) v.
-
- differ (from)
-
完全に (かんぜんに) ad.
-
- perfectly
- completely
- thoroughly
- 完全/な/ (かんぜんな) AN
-
- perfect
- complete
- whole
-
一連 (いちれん) n.
-
- a series
- a chain
- a ream (of paper)
-
として phr.
-
- as
- for
- by way of
- as a token of
- in the capacity of
-
存在する (そんざいする) VN
-
- exist
- subsist
- be in existence
-
断片 (だんぺん) n.
-
- segment
- fragment
- crumb
- shred
- bits & pieces
-
結合する (けつごうする) VN
-
- combine
- unite
- consolidate
- join together
- conjoin
-
形 (かたち) n.
-
- form
- shape
- figure
- type
-
図 (ず) n.
-
- figure (e.g. Fig 1)
- drawing
- picture
- illustration
-
参照 (さんしょう) n.
-
- reference (vs)
- consultation
-
鋳型 (いがた) n.
-
- template
- mold
-
RNA n.
-
- RNA
- ribonucleic acid
-
その (その) a.
-
- the
- that
-
核 (かく) n.
-
- nucleus
- kernel
-
合成 (ごうせい) n.
-
- synthesis
- composition
- synthetic
- composite
- mixed
- combined
- compound
- 合成する (ごうせいする) VN
-
- synthesize
- compose
- compound
-
場所 (ばしょ) n.
-
- place
- location
-
移る (うつる) v.
-
- move
- transfer
- be infected
- be contagious
-
編集 (へんしゅう) n.
-
- editing
- compilation
-
作業 (さぎょう) n.
-
- work
- operation
- manufacturing
- fatigue duty
-
起こる (おこる) v.
-
- occur
- happen
-
直接 (ちょくせつ) n.
-
- direct
- immediate
- personal
- firsthand
-
関与する (かんよする) VN
-
- take part
- participate
- have [play] a part
- be concerned
-
イントロン n.
-
- Intron
-
介在 (かいざい) n.
-
- interposition
- intervention
- 介在配列 (かいざいはいれつ) n.
-
- intervening sequence
-
除く (のぞく) v.
-
- remove
- exclude
- except
-
メッセンジャー n.
-
- messenger
-
リボゾーム n.
-
- ribosome
-
物質 (ぶっしつ) n.
-
- substance
- material
-
再構成 (さいこうせい) n.
-
- recombination
- restructure
- reconstruction
- reorganization
- reconstitution
- 再構成する (さいこうせいする) v.
-
- recombine
- restructure
- reconstruct
- reorganize
- reconstitute
-
発見 (はっけん) n.
-
- discovery (vs)
-
重要/な/ (じゅうような) AN
-
- important (adv)
- momentous
- essential
- principal
- major
-
ポイント n.
-
- point
-
今まで (いままで) phr.
-
- until [up to] now [the present]
- by this time
- till [by] now
- up [down] to date
-
考える (かんがえる) v.
-
- consider
- think
-
挙動 (きょどう) n.
-
- behavior
- conduct
-
分化 (ぶんか) n.
-
- differentiation
- development
- specialization
- 分化する (ぶんかする) v.
-
- differentiate
- develop
- specialize
-
現象 (げんしょう) n.
-
- phenomenon
-
細かい (こまかい) a.
-
- detailed
- small
- fine
- minute
-
重 (じゅう) n.
-
- heavy
- main
- principal
- important
- 重鎖 (じゅうさ) n.
-
- heavy chain
- long chain
-
もう (もう) ad.
-
- more
- already
- soon
- again
-
少し (すこし) ad.
-
- a little
- a bit of
- small quantity
- a few
- something
- a little while
- a short distance
-
たくさん n.
-
- a lot
- a large quantity
- plenty
- an abundance
- a great many [number]
-
うち n.
-
- in
- between
- among
-
つながる v.
-
- be connected
- be joined [linked] together
- be tied
-
こういう a.
-
- such
-
内在する (ないざいする) VN
-
- be immanent
- inhere
- indwell
-
意義 (いぎ) n.
-
- significance
- meaning
-
何 (なに) pron.
-
- what
-
約 (やく) n.
-
- approximately
- about
- some
-
プール n.
-
- pool
-
選ぶ (えらぶ) v.
-
- choose
- select
-
組み合わせ (くみあわせ) n.
-
- combination
- 組み合わせる (くみあわせる) v.
-
- combine
- join together
-
簡単/な/ (かんたんな) AN
-
- simple
-
計算 (けいさん) n.
-
- calculation
- reckoning
-
全部 (ぜんぶ) n.
-
- all
- entire
- whole
- altogether
-
万 (まん) n.
-
- 10,000
- ten thousand
-
せいぜい n.
-
- to the utmost
- as far [much] as possible [one can]
- at (the) most
- at the very most
- at (the) best
-
少ない (すくない) a.
-
- few
- a little
- scarce
- insufficient
- seldom
-
百 (ひゃく) n.
-
- 100
- hundred
-
およぶ v.
-
- reach
- attain to
- mount up to
- amonut to
- come to
- extend
- stretch
- range over
- match
- equal
-
正しい (ただしい) a.
-
- right
- just
- correct
- righteous
- honest
- truthful
- proper
- straightforward
- perfect
- 正しさ (ただしさ) n.
-
- truth
- truthfulness
- honesty
- uprightness