Thermal Disequilibrium

red ball  Radiation Pressure from a hot-plate can in principle counteract Casimir attraction

       cf.   Hieronymus-Bosch,-The-Last-Judgement.-Central-Panel-with-Detail-of-Heaven

yellow ball  However, at short separations "near-field effects" due to evanescent waves lead to non-classical behavior.

red ball Breaking the law, at the nanoscale (MITnews, July 29, 2009)

yellow ball "Surface Phonon Polaritons Mediated Energy Transfer between Nanoscale Gaps,"

S. Shen, A. Narayanaswamy, & G. Chen, Nano Lett. 9, 2909 (2009)

 

yellow ball Heat transfer between plates diverges at short distances due to evanescent waves (tunneling).

red ball  Example of non-equilibrium Casimir levitation:

yellow ball "Trace formulas for nonequilibrium Casimir interactions, heat radiation, and heat transfer for arbitrary objects,"

M. Krüger, G .Bimonte, T. Emig, and M. Kardar, Phys. Rev. B 86, 115423 (2012)

yellow ball A hot microsphere can levitate on top of a cold plate: Falls down if it cools down (due to heat transfer),