Translocation
Nucleic acids pass through membranes in several biological processes, e.g.
Artificial Translocation through Nanopores (rapid sequencing of DNA?)
J.J. Kasianowicz, E. Brandin, D. Branton, and D.W. Deamer, PNAS 93, 13770 (1996)
A. Meller, L. Nivon, D. Branton, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3435 (2001)
The translocation of the DNA molecules can be stalled by switching off the electrical field during their passage.
The unbiased dynamics of the molecules can then be followed.
From the Harvard Nanopore group (Branton): (nanopore in a solid membrane)
Modeling DNA/pore interactions: