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ASCII - ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) Table with HTML Entity Names
The following table lists all known HTML entity names along with their
ASCII / ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) character names and codes, if
any. Most of these HTML entity names are those of the ISO 8879 entity sets.
Note that the first 128 character codes of any of the ISO 8859 character
sets is always identical to the ASCII character set.
This table is a composite of data from a large number of sources and references. These sources include:
- Unicode Tables
- The Unicode®
Character Set with equivalent character names and related characters.
- Character Subset Blocks within the Unicode Character Set.
- Mapping ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) onto Unicode.
- Mapping Microsoft® Windows Latin-1 (Code Page 1252), a superset of ISO 8859-1, onto Unicode in CP1252 order.
- Mapping
Adobe®
Symbol font onto Unicode in Unicode order.
Note that the Microsoft® Windows font named "Symbol" and the Adobe Symbol font are equivalent. - Mapping ISO 8859-1 and Adobe Symbol font (an ISO 8879 subset) entity names
onto Unicode
in HTML+ Proposed Character Entities Discussion Document by the W3C in ISO 8859-1 and Adobe orders.
This table cross references ISO 8879, Adobe® PostScript®, and Unicode® names along with ISO 8859-1 / PostScript and Unicode hexadecimal character codes. - Mathematica® 3.0's Mapping ISO 8879 (SGML) entity names onto Unicode in Unicode order.
- Mapping ISO 8879 entity names onto Unicode in Unicode order.
- The Unicode®
Character Set with equivalent character names and related characters.
ISO 8879 Entity Sets List.
Martin Ramsch's "ISO 8859-1 Table".
The large number of entity names found in "HTML+ Complete Entities Listing" and Ellipsis, Spacing, and Lower Case Greek "HTML 3.0 Math Entities" many of which can only be accessed by way of their entity name since they have no character reference definition (characters of this sort were first discovered by the author in "HTML+ Character Sets and Entity Definitions" -- the trademark sign, TM, one such character listed, is of particular interest).
"HTML+ Mathematical Equations" and "HTML 3.0 Math - SUB and SUP" which, as a by-product, list a few mathematical entity names.
"HTML 3.0 Symbol Support in the Arena Browser for Mathematics" and "An Introduction to HTML 3.0 Math (Support in the Arena Browser) - More Examples" which provide mathematical and Greek letter entity names.
"HTML 3.0 Special Characters" which specifically indicates those control characters used by HTML.
"The HTML 2.0 Coded Character Set", Sandia Labs' "ISO Latin 1 Character HTML Entity Names", and "HTML 3.0 Character Entity Sets" which list all 256 character references and indicate those control characters not used by HTML.
The Character Set of Microsoft® Internet Explorer 2.0 and 3.0.
"ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) Characters List" which lists all 256 character references.
"ISO Latin 1 Character Entities and HTML Escape Sequence Table" which lists nearly all 256 character references.
Sandia Labs' "HTML Special Character Entity Names".
The ASCII Character Set, ANSI Standard X3.4-1968 (see also the ANSI Standard X3.110-1983).
The HTML concepts of character references and entity references (entity names) are defined in the document "Special Characters" in HTML.
The following is a list of known problems with the set of HTML entities:
There is a namespace collision between ISO 8879 entities
↦andℑ(an HTML entity as shown in HTML+ Proposed Character Entities) and two of the HTML+ icon entities defined in "Standard ISO WWW/HTML Icon" Entities and shown graphically in "Proposed HTML Icon Entity Names".
Note that the namespace collision forℑis very significant.There are disagreements between the various documents as to the correct names for several of the entities:
"HTML 3.0 Special Characters" disagrees with "HTML+ Character Sets and Entity Definitions" on the names for em dash and en dash.
"HTML 3.0 Math - SUB and SUP" and "HTML 3.0 Symbol Support in Arena for Mathematics" disagree with "HTML+ Mathematical Equations" on the name for infinity.
"HTML 3.0 Math - More Examples" disagrees with HTML+ Proposed Character Entities on the name for the partial differential symbol.
"HTML 3.0 Symbol Support in Arena for Mathematics" disagrees with "HTML 3.0 Math Entities" on the names for lower case epsilon, script theta, final sigma, upsilon, script phi and omega-pi.
The glyphs of lower case epsilon and element of are the same in some fonts.
Until such time that all browsers used by readers of your pages display the
trademark character, that character can be
emulated by the following:
Company Trademark <SUP><SMALL>TM</SMALL></SUP>
which renders to:
Company Trademark TM
Control characters whose entries are in
bold face type are not used by HTML.
Characters whose entries are shown in green are only in the Microsoft® Windows Latin-1 character set additions to ASCII / ISO 8859-1 and are recognized by programs such as Word for Windows and Internet Explorer 2.0.
Hexadecimal values in bold face type
like "71" for the small
Greek letter theta indicate PostScript character codes; whereas, hexadecimal
values in regular face type like
"71" for the small letter
"q" indicate ASCII character
codes.
Entity names found by the author in no source other than
ISO 8879 are indicated
by bold face type. When an Adobe (or
other) name is selected instead of the ISO name (based upon similar known HTML
names or common sense), the name will be shown in
italic face type.
Note that HTML 3.x may not ultimately support all of these
ISO 8879
entities or that some names listed in this table may not be the entity names
eventually used by HTML 3.x.
Hyperlinks are provided from individual entity names, their collating sequence section's title, or their entire collating sequence's title to the reference documents describing or specifying those entities.
Note: some entity names may actually specify the same physical character but may not happen to be grouped together below due to the lack of knowledge of such on the part of the author.
¹ Indicates a character whose
entity name is not defined in
ISO 8879 or is unknown to the author.
² Indicates a Greek letter for which
an entity name is not necessary since its glyph and character code value are the
same as the Latin.
ASCII - ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) Entities with
Microsoft® Windows Latin-1 Added Characters in
Green
US-ASCII Characters
Control Characters
Description Char Hex Character Entity
Reference Name
(Dec)
null NUL ^@ 00 �
start of heading SOH ^A 01 
start of text STX ^B 02 
end of text ETX ^C 03 
end of transmission EOT ^D 04 
enquiry ENQ ^E 05 
acknowledge ACK ^F 06 
bell BEL ^G 07 
backspace BS ^H 08 
horizontal tab HT ^I 09 	
line feed, new line LF, NL ^J 0A 

vertical tab VT ^K 0B 
form feed, new page FF, NP ^L 0C 
carriage return CR ^M 0D 
shift out SO ^N 0E 
shift in SI ^O 0F 
data link escape DLE ^P 10 
device control 1 DC1 ^Q 11 
device control 2 DC2 ^R 12 
device control 3 DC3 ^S 13 
device control 4 DC4 ^T 14 
negative acknowledge NAK ^U 15 
synchronous idle SYN ^V 16 
end of trans. block ETB ^W 17 
cancel CAN ^X 18 
end of medium EM ^Y 19 
substitute SUB ^Z 1A 
escape ESC ^[ 1B 
file separator FS ^\ 1C 
group separator GS ^] 1D 
record separator RS ^^ 1E 
unit separator US ^_ 1F 
Special Characters and Numbers
Description Char Hex Character Entity
Reference Name
(Dec)
space 20   --> &sp; --> &sp;
exclamation mark ! 21 ! --> ! ! --> !
(double) quotation mark " 22 " --> " " --> "
number sign # 23 # --> # # --> #
dollar sign $ 24 $ --> $ $ --> $
percent sign % 25 % --> % % --> %
ampersand & 26 & --> & & --> &
apostrophe, ' 27 ' --> ' ' --> '
single quote mark
left parenthesis ( 28 ( --> ( ( --> (
right parenthesis ) 29 ) --> ) ) --> )
asterisk * 2A * --> * * --> *
plus sign + 2B + --> + + --> +
comma , 2C , --> , , --> ,
minus sign, hyphen - 2D - --> - ‐ --> ‐
− --> −
period, decimal point, . 2E . --> . . --> .
full stop
slash, virgule, solidus / 2F / --> / / --> /
digit 0 0 30 0 --> 0
digit 1 1 31 1 --> 1
digit 2 2 32 2 --> 2
digit 3 3 33 3 --> 3
digit 4 4 34 4 --> 4
digit 5 5 35 5 --> 5
digit 6 6 36 6 --> 6
digit 7 7 37 7 --> 7
digit 8 8 38 8 --> 8
digit 9 9 39 9 --> 9
colon : 3A : --> : : --> :
semicolon ; 3B ; --> ; ; --> ;
less-than sign < 3C < --> < < --> <
equal sign = 3D = --> = = --> =
greater-than sign > 3E > --> > > --> >
question mark ? 3F ? --> ? ? --> ?
Upper Case Letters
Description Char Hex Character Entity
Reference Name
(Dec)
commercial at sign @ 40 @ --> @ @ --> @
capital A A 41 A --> A
capital B B 42 B --> B
capital C C 43 C --> C
capital D D 44 D --> D
capital E E 45 E --> E
capital F F 46 F --> F
capital G G 47 G --> G
capital H H 48 H --> H
capital I I 49 I --> I
capital J J 4A J --> J
capital K K 4B K --> K
capital L L 4C L --> L
capital M M 4D M --> M
capital N N 4E N --> N
capital O O 4F O --> O
capital P P 50 P --> P
capital Q Q 51 Q --> Q
capital R R 52 R --> R
capital S S 53 S --> S
capital T T 54 T --> T
capital U U 55 U --> U
capital V V 56 V --> V
capital W W 57 W --> W
capital X X 58 X --> X
capital Y Y 59 Y --> Y
capital Z Z 5A Z --> Z
left square bracket [ 5B [ --> [ [ --> [
backslash, reverse solidus \ 5C \ --> \ \ --> \
right square bracket ] 5D ] --> ] ] --> ]
spacing circumflex accent ^ 5E ^ --> ^ ˆ --> ˆ
spacing underscore, low line, _ 5F _ --> _ _ --> _
horizontal bar ― --> ―
Lower Case Letters
Description Char Hex Character Entity
Reference Name
(Dec)
spacing grave accent, ` 60 ` --> ` ` --> `
back apostrophe
small a a 61 a --> a
small b b 62 b --> b
small c c 63 c --> c
small d d 64 d --> d
small e e 65 e --> e
small f f 66 f --> f
small g g 67 g --> g
small h h 68 h --> h
small i i 69 i --> i
small j j 6A j --> j
small k k 6B k --> k
small l l 6C l --> l
small m m 6D m --> m
small n n 6E n --> n
small o o 6F o --> o
small p p 70 p --> p
small q q 71 q --> q
small r r 72 r --> r
small s s 73 s --> s
small t t 74 t --> t
small u u 75 u --> u
small v v 76 v --> v
small w w 77 w --> w
small x x 78 x --> x
small y y 79 y --> y
small z z 7A z --> z
left brace (curly bracket) { 7B { --> { { --> {
vertical bar | 7C | --> | | --> |
right brace (curly bracket) } 7D } --> } } --> }
tilde accent ~ 7E ~ --> ~ ˜ --> ˜
delete DEL ^? 7F 
Extended Control Characters
Microsoft® Windows Latin-1 Added Characters in Green
Description Char Hex Character Entity
Reference Name
(Dec)
80 €
81 
low left rising single quote 82 ‚ ‚ --> ‚
small italic f, function of, f 83 ƒ ƒ --> ƒ
florin
low left rising double quote 84 „ „ --> „
low horizontal ellipsis 85 … … --> …
&ldots; --> &ldots;
dagger mark 86 † † --> †
double dagger mark 87 ‡ ‡ --> ‡
letter modifying circumflex 88 ˆ ¹
per thousand (mille) sign 89 ‰ ‰ --> ‰
capital S caron or hacek 8A Š Š --> Š
left single angle quote mark 8B ‹ ‹ --> ‹
(guillemet)
capital OE ligature 8C Œ Œ --> Œ
8D 
8E Ž
8F 
90 
left single quotation mark, 91 ‘ ‘ --> ‘
high right rising single quote ’ --> ’
right single quote mark 92 ’ ’ --> ’
left double quotation mark, 93 “ “ --> “
high right rising double quote ” --> ”
right double quote mark 94 ” ” --> ”
round filled bullet 95 • • --> •
en dash 96 – – --> –
&endash; --> &endash;
em dash 97 — — --> —
&emdash; --> &emdash;
small spacing tilde accent 98 ˜ ˜¹
trademark sign 99 ™ ™ --> ™
small s caron or hacek 9A š š --> š
right single angle quote mark 9B › › --> ›
(guillemet)
small oe ligature 9C œ œ --> œ
9D 
9E ž
capital Y dieresis or umlaut 9F Ÿ Ÿ --> Ÿ
ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) Entities
Special Characters
Description Char Hex Character Entity
Reference Name
(Dec)
non-breaking space A0   --> -->
inverted exclamation mark ¡ A1 ¡ --> ¡ ¡ --> ¡
cent sign ¢ A2 ¢ --> ¢ ¢ --> ¢
pound sterling sign £ A3 £ --> £ £ --> £
general currency sign ¤ A4 ¤ --> ¤ ¤ --> ¤
yen sign ¥ A5 ¥ --> ¥ ¥ --> ¥
broken vertical bar ¦ A6 ¦ --> ¦ ¦ --> ¦
&brkbar; --> &brkbar;
section sign § A7 § --> § § --> §
spacing dieresis or umlaut ¨ A8 ¨ --> ¨ ¨ --> ¨
¨ --> ¨
copyright sign © A9 © --> © © --> ©
feminine ordinal indicator ª AA ª --> ª ª --> ª
left (double) angle quote « AB « --> « « --> «
(guillemet)
logical not sign ¬ AC ¬ --> ¬ ¬ --> ¬
soft hyphen AD ­ --> ­ -->
registered trademark sign ® AE ® --> ® ® --> ®
spacing macron (long) accent, ¯ AF ¯ --> ¯ ¯ --> ¯
&hibar; --> &hibar;
degree sign ° B0 ° --> ° ° --> °
plus-or-minus sign ± B1 ± --> ± ± --> ±
superscript 2 ² B2 ² --> ² ² --> ²
superscript 3 ³ B3 ³ --> ³ ³ --> ³
spacing acute accent ´ B4 ´ --> ´ ´ --> ´
micro sign µ B5 µ --> µ µ --> µ
paragraph sign, pilcrow sign ¶ B6 ¶ --> ¶ ¶ --> ¶
middle dot, centered dot · B7 · --> · · --> ·
spacing cedilla ¸ B8 ¸ --> ¸ ¸ --> ¸
superscript 1 ¹ B9 ¹ --> ¹ ¹ --> ¹
masculine ordinal indicator º BA º --> º º --> º
right (double) angle quote » BB » --> » » --> »
(guillemet)
fraction 1/4 ¼ BC ¼ --> ¼ ¼ --> ¼
fraction 1/2 ½ BD ½ --> ½ ½ --> ½
½ --> ½
fraction 3/4 ¾ BE ¾ --> ¾ ¾ --> ¾
inverted question mark ¿ BF ¿ --> ¿ ¿ --> ¿
Upper Case Latin-1 Letters
Description Char Hex Character Entity
Reference Name
(Dec)
capital A grave À C0 À --> À À --> À
capital A acute Á C1 Á --> Á Á --> Á
capital A circumflex  C2  -->   --> Â
capital A tilde à C3 à --> à à --> Ã
capital A dieresis or umlaut Ä C4 Ä --> Ä Ä --> Ä
capital A ring Å C5 Å --> Å Å --> Å
capital AE ligature Æ C6 Æ --> Æ Æ --> Æ
capital C cedilla Ç C7 Ç --> Ç Ç --> Ç
capital E grave È C8 È --> È È --> È
capital E acute É C9 É --> É É --> É
capital E circumflex Ê CA Ê --> Ê Ê --> Ê
capital E dieresis or umlaut Ë CB Ë --> Ë Ë --> Ë
capital I grave Ì CC Ì --> Ì Ì --> Ì
capital I acute Í CD Í --> Í Í --> Í
capital I circumflex Î CE Î --> Î Î --> Î
capital I dieresis or umlaut Ï CF Ï --> Ï Ï --> Ï
capital ETH Ð D0 Ð --> Ð Ð --> Ð
capital N tilde Ñ D1 Ñ --> Ñ Ñ --> Ñ
capital O grave Ò D2 Ò --> Ò Ò --> Ò
capital O acute Ó D3 Ó --> Ó Ó --> Ó
capital O circumflex Ô D4 Ô --> Ô Ô --> Ô
capital O tilde Õ D5 Õ --> Õ Õ --> Õ
capital O dieresis or umlaut Ö D6 Ö --> Ö Ö --> Ö
multiplication sign × D7 × --> × × --> ×
capital O slash Ø D8 Ø --> Ø Ø --> Ø
capital U grave Ù D9 Ù --> Ù Ù --> Ù
capital U acute Ú DA Ú --> Ú Ú --> Ú
capital U circumflex Û DB Û --> Û Û --> Û
capital U dieresis or umlaut Ü DC Ü --> Ü Ü --> Ü
capital Y acute Ý DD Ý --> Ý Ý --> Ý
capital THORN Þ DE Þ --> Þ Þ --> Þ
small sharp s, sz ligature ß DF ß --> ß ß --> ß
Lower Case Latin-1 Letters
Description Char Hex Character Entity
Reference Name
(Dec)
small a grave à E0 à --> à à --> à
small a acute á E1 á --> á á --> á
small a circumflex â E2 â --> â â --> â
small a tilde ã E3 ã --> ã ã --> ã
small a dieresis or umlaut ä E4 ä --> ä ä --> ä
small a ring å E5 å --> å å --> å
small ae ligature æ E6 æ --> æ æ --> æ
small c cedilla ç E7 ç --> ç ç --> ç
small e grave è E8 è --> è è --> è
small e acute é E9 é --> é é --> é
small e circumflex ê EA ê --> ê ê --> ê
small e dieresis or umlaut ë EB ë --> ë ë --> ë
small i grave ì EC ì --> ì ì --> ì
small i acute í ED í --> í í --> í
small i circumflex î EE î --> î î --> î
small i dieresis or umlaut ï EF ï --> ï ï --> ï
small eth ð F0 ð --> ð ð --> ð
small n tilde ñ F1 ñ --> ñ ñ --> ñ
small o grave ò F2 ò --> ò ò --> ò
small o acute ó F3 ó --> ó ó --> ó
small o circumflex ô F4 ô --> ô ô --> ô
small o tilde õ F5 õ --> õ õ --> õ
small o dieresis or umlaut ö F6 ö --> ö ö --> ö
division sign ÷ F7 ÷ --> ÷ ÷ --> ÷
small o slash ø F8 ø --> ø ø --> ø
small u grave ù F9 ù --> ù ù --> ù
small u acute ú FA ú --> ú ú --> ú
small u circumflex û FB û --> û û --> û
small u dieresis or umlaut ü FC ü --> ü ü --> ü
small y acute ý FD ý --> ý ý --> ý
small thorn þ FE þ --> þ þ --> þ
small y dieresis or umlaut ÿ FF ÿ --> ÿ ÿ --> ÿ
Microsoft® Windows /
Adobe Symbol Font with
ISO 8879 Entity Names and Adobe PostScript® Hex
Special Characters
Description Char Hex Entity
Name
for all 22 ∀ --> ∀
there exists 24 ∃ --> ∃
backward epsilon, such that 27 ϶ --> ϶
low asterisk math operator 2A ∗ --> ∗
Upper Case Greek Letters
Description Char Hex Entity
Name
congruent 40 ≅ --> ≅
capital Alpha² A 41 &Agr; --> &Agr;
Α --> Α
capital Beta² B 42 &Bgr; --> &Bgr;
Β --> Β
capital Chi X 43 &KHgr; --> &KHgr;
Χ --> Χ
capital Delta 44 Δ --> Δ
capital Epsilon² E 45 &Egr; --> &Egr;
Ε --> Ε
&Epsi; --> &Epsi;
capital Phi 46 &PHgr; --> &PHgr;
Φ --> Φ
capital Gamma 47 Γ --> Γ
capital Eta² H 48 &EEgr; --> &EEgr;
Η --> Η
capital Iota² I 49 &Igr; --> &Igr;
Ι --> Ι
small script theta, 4A ϑ --> ϑ
curly theta &vtheta; --> &vtheta;
capital Kappa² K 4B &Kgr; --> &Kgr;
Κ --> Κ
capital Lambda 4C Λ --> Λ
capital Mu² M 4D &Mgr; --> &Mgr;
Μ --> Μ
capital Nu² N 4E &Ngr; --> &Ngr;
Ν --> Ν
capital Omicron² O 4F &Ogr; --> &Ogr;
Ο --> Ο
capital Pi 50 Π --> Π
capital Theta 51 Θ --> Θ
capital Rho P 52 &Rgr; --> &Rgr;
Ρ --> Ρ
capital Sigma 53 Σ --> Σ
capital Tau² T 54 &Tgr; --> &Tgr;
Τ --> Τ
capital Upsilon Y 55 ϒ --> ϒ
Υ --> Υ
small final sigma 56 &sfgr; --> &sfgr;
ς --> ς
&vsigma; --> &vsigma;
capital Omega, ohm sign 57 Ω --> Ω
Ω --> Ω
capital Xi 58 Ξ --> Ξ
capital Psi 59 Ψ --> Ψ
capital Zeta² Z 5A &Zgr; --> &Zgr;
Ζ --> Ζ
therefore, hence 5C ∴ --> ∴
perpendicular 5E ⊥ --> ⊥
Lower Case Greek Letters
Description Char Hex Entity
Name
radical extension, 60 ¹
spacing overscore
small alpha 61 α --> α
small beta 62 β --> β
small chi 63 χ --> χ
small delta 64 δ --> δ
small script epsilon, 65 &vepsilon; --> &vepsilon;
curly epsilon
small (straight) phi 66 &phis; --> &phis;
φ --> φ
small gamma 67 γ --> γ
small eta 68 η --> η
small iota 69 ι --> ι
small script phi, curly phi 6A ϕ --> ϕ
ϕ --> ϕ
small kappa 6B κ --> κ
small lambda 6C λ --> λ
small mu µ 6D μ --> μ
small nu 6E ν --> ν
small omicron² o 6F &ogr; --> &ogr;
ο --> ο
small pi 70 π --> π
small (straight) theta 71 &thetas; --> &thetas;
θ --> θ
small rho 72 ρ --> ρ
small sigma 73 σ --> σ
small tau 74 τ --> τ
small upsilon 75 υ --> υ
υ --> υ
small omega pi, curly pi 76 ϖ --> ϖ
ϖ --> ϖ
small omega 77 ω --> ω
small xi 78 ξ --> ξ
small psi 79 ψ --> ψ
small zeta 7A ζ --> ζ
similar sign, tilde operator 7E ∼ --> ∼
Special Characters
Description Char Hex Entity
Name
capital Upsilon hook A1 ¹
prime, minute mark A2 ′ --> ′
less-than-or-equal sign A3 ≤ --> ≤
fraction slash A4 ¹
infinity A5 ∞ --> ∞
&inf; --> &inf;
small italic f, function of, f A6 ƒ --> ƒ
florin
club suit symbol A7 ♣ --> ♣
diamond suit symbol A8 ♦ --> ♦
heart suit symbol A9 ♥ --> ♥
spade suit symbol AA ♠ --> ♠
horizontal (left-right) arrow AB ↔ --> ↔
left arrow AC ← --> ←
up arrow AD ↑ --> ↑
right arrow AE → --> →
down arrow AF ↓ --> ↓
double prime, second mark B2 ″ --> ″
greater-than-or-equal sign B3 ≥ --> ≥
proportional to B5 ∝ --> ∝
partial differential, curly d B6 ∂ --> ∂
&pd; --> &pd;
round filled bullet B7 • --> •
not-equal sign B9 ≠ --> ≠
identical to, equivalent BA ≡ --> ≡
approximately equal BB ≊ --> ≊
≈ --> ≈
low horizontal ellipsis BC … --> …
&ldots; --> &ldots;
vertical arrow extension BD ¹
horizontal arrow extension BE ¹
down and left arrow, BF ¹
carriage return arrow
Special Characters
Description Char Hex Entity
Name
aleph, C0 ℵ --> ℵ
first transfinite cardinal
black-letter I, C1 ℑ --> ℑ
imaginary part of
black-letter R, real part of C2 ℜ --> ℜ
Weierstrassian function p C3 ℘ --> ℘
circled multiplication sign C4 ⊗ --> ⊗
circled plus sign C5 ⊕ --> ⊕
empty set C6 ∅ --> ∅
set intersection C7 ∩ --> ∩
set union C8 ∪ --> ∪
proper superset of C9 ⊃ --> ⊃
superset-of-or-equal-to CA ⊇ --> ⊇
not a subset of CB ⊄ --> ⊄
proper subset of CC ⊂ --> ⊂
subset-of-or-equal-to CD ⊆ --> ⊆
element of, set membership CE ∈ --> ∈
not an element of CF ∉ --> ∉
angle D0 ∠ --> ∠
del operator, gradient, nabla D1 ∇ --> ∇
trademark sign D4 ™ --> ™
n-ary product operator D5 ∏ --> ∏
radical, square root D6 √ --> √
small middle dot, D7 ⋅ --> ⋅
math dot operator
logical and D9 ∧ --> ∧
logical or DA ∨ --> ∨
horizontal double arrow DB ⇔ --> ⇔
left double arrow DC ⇐ --> ⇐
up double arrow DD ⇑ --> ⇑
right double arrow DE ⇒ --> ⇒
down double arrow DF ⇓ --> ⇓
Special Characters
Description Char Hex Entity
Name
lozenge, total mark E0 ◊ --> ◊
left angle bracket E1 ⟨ --> 〈
n-ary summation operator E5 ∑ --> ∑
left parenthesis top E6 ¹
left parenthesis extension E7 ¹
left parenthesis bottom E8 ¹
left bracket top (ceiling) E9 ⌈ --> ⌈
left bracket extension EA ¹
left bracket bottom (floor) EB ⌊ --> ⌊
left brace top EC ¹
left brace middle ED ¹
left brace bottom EE ¹
brace extension EF ¹
right angle bracket F1 ⟩ --> 〉
integral sign F2 ∫ --> ∫
integral top F3 ¹
integral extension F4 ¹
integral bottom F5 ¹
right parenthesis top F6 ¹
right parenthesis extension F7 ¹
right parenthesis bottom F8 ¹
right bracket top (ceiling) F9 ⌉ --> ⌉
right bracket extension FA ¹
right bracket bottom (floor) FB ⌋ --> ⌋
right brace top FC ¹
right brace middle FD ¹
right brace bottom FE ¹
HTML Entities without ISO 8859-1 or PostScript Hex
Description Char Entity
Name
spacing breve (short) accent ˘ --> ˘
spacing caron accent ˇ --> ˇ
centered horizontal ellipsis &cdots; --> &cdots;
double acute accent ˝ --> ˝
diagonal ellipsis &dellip; --> &dellip;
&ddots; --> &ddots;
spacing dot above accent ˙ --> ˙
array column fill ellipsis &dotfill; --> &dotfill;
small script l ℓ --> ℓ
em space (the width of an "m")   -->
en space (1/2 em space)   -->
small (straight) epsilon ε --> ε
ε --> ε
fraction 1/8 ⅛ --> ⅛
fraction 3/8 ⅜ --> ⅜
fraction 5/8 ⅝ --> ⅝
fraction 7/8 ⅞ --> ⅞
hair width space   -->  
if and only if (iff) ⇔ --> ⇔
left determinant vertical bar &ldet; --> &ldet;
contains as a member ∋ --> ∋
spacing ogonek accent ˛ --> ˛
Planck's constant h over 2 pi, ℏ --> ℏ
small italic h slash (bar)
quad em space &quad; --> &quad;
right determinant vertical bar &rdet; --> &rdet;
spacing ring above accent ˚ --> ˚
soft break space &sbsp; --> &sbsp;
since, because ∵ --> ∵
(inverted therefore)
sung text sign, music note ♪ --> ♪
thin space (1/6 em space)   -->
small rho variant ϱ --> ϱ
vertical ellipsis ⋮ --> ⋮
&vdots; --> &vdots;
Mathematical Functions
Description String Entity
Name
logarithmic function log &log; --> &log;
sine function sin &sin; --> &sin;
hyperbolic tangent function tanh &tanh; --> &tanh;
etc.
Send any other relevant sites you might find, corrections, suggestions, and comments to:
Kevin J. Brewer (c2xkjb@eng.delcoelect.com)
No guarantee is made as to the correctness of the sources from which this table is derived.
Last updated: 31-Jan-97
Copyright © 1995, 1996, 1997, Delco Electronics Corporation. All rights reserved.
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