Applying stick wax

The buffing wheel is only made of cloth, so by itself it's not abrasive. You'll need to apply stick abrasive, which is a mix of wax and an abrasive material. Holding the stick abrasive against the wheel while running will create enough heat to melt the wax and cause the abrasive to stick to the wheel.

The finish after using a buffer

Using the buffing wheel on a peice of aluminum should leave it shiny enough to see your reflection in it. But to achieve this sort of surface finish, you need to use the right abrasive and the right technique. Start by buffing very aggressively, pushing the part into the buffing wheel to remove all of the gross irregularities. Once those are removed, you can gradually lighten up the pressure that you're applying to the wheel, and in doing so, the abrasive becomes less and less aggressive and leaves a smoother surface finish.

Using the buffer wheel