Transitions
By showing the relationships between ideas, transitions help the writing to move from one point to another, so the reader is carried on smoothly from the start of a document to the end. Such movement can take place in two directions: an idea can continue in the same direction as the one before, or it can deviate. Thus, the two basic types of transitions can be described as those that support and those that modify. These two main types have numerous variations, so select the precise words that express the particular concept you have in mind.
Support is often expressed by words and phrases like these:
|
Concept |
Words |
|
likeness |
similarly, likewise |
|
amplification |
and, also, again, in addition, moreover, furthermore |
|
example |
for example, that is, for instance |
|
restatement |
that is, in effect, in other words, in simpler terms, in short |
|
conclusion |
thus, therefore, finally, in conclusion |
Modification often takes these forms:
|
contrast |
but, however, nevertheless, although, in contrast |
|
concession |
still, granted that, of course, admittedly |
|
consequence |
so, as a result, accordingly, for that reason |
|
emphasis |
in fact, indeed, equally, even more important, here, there, in the foreground, in the background |
|
sequence |
next, afterward, as soon as, subsequently, until now; first, second(ly), third(ly); first, next, finally |
You may also want to use a technique other than concept statement, such as
Whichever technique you use, remember that you are working with ideas, not with a formula that you can apply arbitrarily; organize the ideas well, and then use transitions to make the coherence evident.