:Info: backup.gi: 02/04/82 backup

     There are two types of backup:  hierarchy backup and volume
backup.

     The hierarchy backup system dumps (copies) user segments and
directories onto removable storage (magnetic tape).  The dumping
is conventionally done using the processes Backup.SysDaemon and
Dumper.SysDaemon.  The information dumped can be recovered by the
operations staff at the user's request.

     A backup system operates at the physical storage volume level.
It provides physical volume rebuilding in the event of a failure, as
well as segment and subtree retrieval.  See the enter_retrieval_request
command.


:Info: bit_count.gi: 02/04/82 bit count

     An index to the last bit of useful information in a segment.  For
example, a segment that contains 43 characters starting at the
beginning has a bit count of 387 (9*43).  (A segment may, however,
contain useful data independent of its bit count.) See the
set_bit_count and adjust_bit_count commands.


:Info: blocked.gi: 02/04/82 blocked

     The state a process is in when it is not executing and is waiting
for some event to occur (such as the user typing a command line).


:Info: bound_segment.gi: 02/04/82 bound segment

     A group of (usually related) object segments bound into one
object segment to save space and speed up references (calls, etc.)
between them.  The process of binding segments is similar to linkage
editing on other systems and is done by use of the bind command.  


:Info: branch.gi: 02/04/82 branch

     An item cataloged in a directory: segment, multisegment file or
another directory but not a link.  


                                          -----------------------------------------------------------


Historical Background

This edition of the Multics software materials and documentation is provided and donated
to Massachusetts Institute of Technology by Group BULL including BULL HN Information Systems Inc. 
as a contribution to computer science knowledge.  
This donation is made also to give evidence of the common contributions of Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
Bell Laboratories, General Electric, Honeywell Information Systems Inc., Honeywell BULL Inc., Groupe BULL
and BULL HN Information Systems Inc. to the development of this operating system. 
Multics development was initiated by Massachusetts Institute of Technology Project MAC (1963-1970),
renamed the MIT Laboratory for Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence in the mid 1970s, under the leadership
of Professor Fernando Jose Corbato. Users consider that Multics provided the best software architecture 
for managing computer hardware properly and for executing programs. Many subsequent operating systems 
incorporated Multics principles.
Multics was distributed in 1975 to 2000 by Group Bull in Europe , and in the U.S. by Bull HN Information Systems Inc., 
as successor in interest by change in name only to Honeywell Bull Inc. and Honeywell Information Systems Inc. .

                                          -----------------------------------------------------------

Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute these programs and their documentation for any purpose and without
fee is hereby granted,provided that the below copyright notice and historical background appear in all copies
and that both the copyright notice and historical background and this permission notice appear in supporting
documentation, and that the names of MIT, HIS, BULL or BULL HN not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining
to distribution of the programs without specific prior written permission.
    Copyright 1972 by Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Honeywell Information Systems Inc.
    Copyright 2006 by BULL HN Information Systems Inc.
    Copyright 2006 by Bull SAS
    All Rights Reserved