08/01/83 gcos_card_utility, gcu Syntax as a command: gcu {-input} INPUT {-input control args} {-output} OUTPUT {-output control args} Function: Copies GCOS Standard System Format files or tapes, altering their format, content, and medium, as specified. Converts between GCOS Standard System Format files, tape, or card images and Multics ASCII text files or other GCOS files. Arguments: INPUT OUTPUT specify the files to read and write. These files are either segments or on tape. Files are specified either by a single pathname, -tape or -attached, or -list. Pathnames may have the suffixes ".ascii", ".gcos", ".raw", or ".comdk" to indicate their format. List of input control arguments: -input, -in specifies the beginning of the input part of the command. Not necessary if the input is a single pathname. -brief, -bf suppresses printing of nonfatal error messages. -long, -lg prints names of snumbs, edit names, tape file names, and Multics pathnames as they are read from input. Prints all input item names and indicates those selected for copying. List of input control arguments (to specify format): -ascii, -aci specifies Multics ASCII text format. May be omitted if the pathname has the suffix ".ascii". This is the default format for non-tape files. -gcos, -gc indicates file is in GCOS Standard System Format. The media code of the data is determined for each record read. May be omitted of the pathname has the suffix ".gcos" or if the input is tape which must be gcos format. -raw indicates file contains card images, in the format accepted by the Multics I/O daemon, for card input in raw mode. May be omitted if the pathname has the suffix ".raw". -comdk, -cdk will decompresses any COMDKs present. May be omitted if pathname has the suffix ".comdk". List of input control arguments (to specify tabs and truncation): -canonicalize, -can perform canonicalization. -no_canonicalize, -ncan do not perform canonicalization. -tabs TABSTOPS supplies logical tab stops to be used for canonicalization. TABSTOPS is a list of the numeric tabstops. -truncate, -tc truncates lines to 80 characters without warning. List of input control arguments (to process imcv and library files): -imcv NAMES specifies that the input is an IMCV tape or file from which the jobs listed by NAMES are to be extracted into separate output files. NAMES may be either a list of snumbs, or "-all" meaning to extract all jobs, or -file_input PATH (see). -library NAMES, -lib NAMES input file contains several source decks where NAMES is a list of edit names of decks to extract from the library to write to separate output files. NAMES may be either a list of edit names, or "-all" meaning to extract all decks, or -file_input PATH (see). -list NAMES, -ls NAMES specifies a list of Multics files as input. NAMES is either a list of file names or -file_input PATH (see). -file_input PATH, -fi PATH specifies that the NAMES list is contained in a segment whose pathname is PATH. -label LABEL, -lbl LABEL selects the tape file identified by LABEL for reading. LABEL is either the tape file name or the ordinal number of the desired file on the tape. List of input control arguments (to select records): -first N, -ft N is the number of the first line to be copied. -last N, -lt N is the number of the last line to be copied. -count N, -ct N is the number of lines to be copied. List of input or output control arguments (for tape processing): -tape TAPE_ID specifies a GCOS magnetic tape as input or output. TAPE_ID is either the tape number or the tape number with the deensity appended as 12345,den=1600. The default density is 800 bpi. -attached, -att tape remains attached from a previous use of this command. -retain, -ret tape remains attached when the command finishes. -detach, -det detaches a tape retained by a previous use of this command. List of output control arguments: -output, -out specifies the beginning of the output part of the command. Not necessary if the output is a single pathname and unambiguous. -brief, -bf suppresses printing of nonfatal error messages. -long, -lg Names items selected for copying as they are written to output. Prints all input item names and indicates those selected for copying. List of output control arguments (to specify format): -ascii, -aci specifies Multics ASCII text format. May be omitted if the pathname has the suffix ".ascii". This is the default format for non-tape files. -gcos, -gc indicates file is in GCOS Standard System Format. The output will be GCOS BCD card images (media code 2) if the input is Multics ASCII. Otherwise, the output records are copied directly from the input (except COMDK records which may be expanded, and binary records which are never copied). May be omitted of the pathname has the suffix ".gcos". This is the default format for output tape files. -gcos_ascii, -gca indicates the output file is written as a GCOS time-sharing ASCII file. -gcos_bcd, -gcb indicates the output file is written as a GCOS BCD card image file (media code 2). -raw indicates file contains card images, in the format produced by the Multics I/O daemon, for card output in raw mode. May be omitted if the pathname has the suffix ".raw". -comdk, -cdk will compress all cards except binary cards and dollar cards before writing them to the output file. May be omitted if pathname has the suffix ".comdk". List of output control arguments (to write to output files): -append, -app appends output to an already existing output file immediately following its current contents. -label LABEL, -lbl LABEL write the file out to tape with the file name specified by LABEL. -list NAMES, -ls NAMES specifies a list of Multics files to be copied into. NAMES is either a list of file names, or -file_input PATH, or "-name" which indicates that the files names are to taken from the edit names of an input library or the snumb names of an imcv file. -file_input PATH, -fi PATH specifies that the NAMES list is contained in a segment whose pathname is PATH. -truncate, -tc truncate the output records to 80 characters. Notes: Only GCOS BCD card image files (media code 2) are limited to 80 characters per record (line or card). The -truncate control argument must be used when writing lines longer than 80 characters to such a file. When converting GCOS files to Multics ASCII, non-comdk binary records are discarded since they cannot be converted. Multics or GCOS ASCII files containing tab characters must be canonicalized if converted to non-ASCII. Only GCOS files may be read from or written to tape. Examples: A Multics ASCII segment "readable.jcl" is to be converted into a GCOS BCD card image file named "GJOB". Canonicalization is to be done with tab stops at 8, 16, and 32: gcu readable.jcl -ascii -can -tabs 8 16 32 -out GJOB -gcos_bcd A GCOS TSS formated file "SPCWRS" is to be converted into a Multics ASCII segment: gcu SPCWRS -gcos space_wars.fortran The source program "TSSA" is to be extracted from GCOS 800bpi tape "U8421" which is a library of COMDKs (a K* tape): gcu -in -tape u8421 -comdk -lib tssa -out tssa.ascii A GCOS BCD file named "pswdlst.gcos" is to be converteed to a Multics ASCII text file: gcu pswdlst.gcos password.list.ascii A GCOS 1600bpi tape "12DO" contains a BCD file to be copied to a Multics ASCII text file called "gcos_manuals": gcu -input -tape 12do,den=1600 -output gcos_manuals -ascii ----------------------------------------------------------- Historical Background This edition of the Multics software materials and documentation is provided and donated to Massachusetts Institute of Technology by Group BULL including BULL HN Information Systems Inc. as a contribution to computer science knowledge. This donation is made also to give evidence of the common contributions of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Bell Laboratories, General Electric, Honeywell Information Systems Inc., Honeywell BULL Inc., Groupe BULL and BULL HN Information Systems Inc. to the development of this operating system. Multics development was initiated by Massachusetts Institute of Technology Project MAC (1963-1970), renamed the MIT Laboratory for Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence in the mid 1970s, under the leadership of Professor Fernando Jose Corbato. Users consider that Multics provided the best software architecture for managing computer hardware properly and for executing programs. Many subsequent operating systems incorporated Multics principles. Multics was distributed in 1975 to 2000 by Group Bull in Europe , and in the U.S. by Bull HN Information Systems Inc., as successor in interest by change in name only to Honeywell Bull Inc. and Honeywell Information Systems Inc. . ----------------------------------------------------------- Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute these programs and their documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,provided that the below copyright notice and historical background appear in all copies and that both the copyright notice and historical background and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation, and that the names of MIT, HIS, BULL or BULL HN not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the programs without specific prior written permission. Copyright 1972 by Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Honeywell Information Systems Inc. Copyright 2006 by BULL HN Information Systems Inc. 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