COMPILATION LISTING OF SEGMENT cobol_add3 Compiled by: Multics PL/I Compiler, Release 31b, of April 24, 1989 Compiled at: Bull HN, Phoenix AZ, System-M Compiled on: 05/24/89 0941.5 mst Wed Options: optimize map 1 /****^ *********************************************************** 2* * * 3* * Copyright, (C) BULL HN Information Systems Inc., 1989 * 4* * * 5* * Copyright, (C) Honeywell Information Systems Inc., 1982 * 6* * * 7* *********************************************************** */ 8 9 10 /****^ HISTORY COMMENTS: 11* 1) change(89-04-23,Zimmerman), approve(89-04-23,MCR8060), 12* audit(89-05-05,RWaters), install(89-05-24,MR12.3-1048): 13* MCR8060 cobol_add3.pl1 Added Trace statements. 14* END HISTORY COMMENTS */ 15 16 17 /* format: style3 */ 18 19 /* ****************************************************** 20* * * 21* * * 22* * Copyright (c) 1972 by Massachusetts Institute of * 23* * Technology and Honeywell Information Systems, Inc. * 24* * * 25* * * 26* ****************************************************** */ 27 28 /* Modified on 10/19/84 by FCH, [5.3-1], BUG563, new cobol_addr_tokens.incl.pl1 */ 29 /* Modified on 09/22/83 by FCH, [5.2...], trace added */ 30 31 cobol_add3: 32 proc (operand1_ptr, operand2_ptr, result_ptr, opcode_code); 33 34 /***..... if Trace_Bit then call cobol_gen_driver_$Tr_Beg(MY_NAME);/**/ 35 36 37 /* 38*This procedure generates code for the following types of Cobol constructs: 39* 40* 1. ADD A B GIVING C. 41* 2. SUBTRACT A FROM B GIVING C. 42* 43*This procedure makes one important assumption about the 44*input operands: The operands to be added (or subtracted) are 45*both represented by data name (type 9) tokens. That is, any 46*conversion of the operands from numeric literal or figurative 47*constant has already been done before this procedure is called. 48* 49**/ 50 51 /* Note that if the "rounded" bit is on in the token pointed at 52*by result_ptr, then the code generated will perform 53*addition/subtraction with rounding. */ 54 55 /* DECLARATION OF THE PARAMETERS */ 56 57 dcl operand1_ptr ptr; 58 dcl operand2_ptr ptr; 59 dcl result_ptr ptr; 60 dcl opcode_code fixed bin (35); 61 62 /* 63*operand1_ptr Points to the token for the addend or 64* minuend, depending on whether code is to 65* be generated for addition or subtraction, 66* respectively. (input) 67*operand2_ptr Points to the token for the augend or 68* subtrahend, depending on whether code is to be 69* generated for addition or subtraction, 70* respectively. (input) 71*result_ptr Points to the token to receive the sum 72* or diffenence, depending on whether code it to 73* be generated for addition or subtraction, 74* respectively. (input) 75*opcode_code A code that indicates whether code is to be generated 76* for an addition or subtraction. (input) 77* 78* opcode_code | meaning 79* ------------------------------------- 80* 1 | addition 81* 2 | subtraction 82* 83**/ 84 85 /* DECLARATION OF EXTERNAL ENTRIES */ 86 87 dcl cobol_addr ext entry (ptr, ptr, ptr); 88 dcl cobol_emit ext entry (ptr, ptr, fixed bin); 89 90 91 /* DECLARATION OF INTERNAL STATIC VARIABLES */ 92 93 /* Declaration of internal static variables that contain 94* AdD3 and SUBTRACT3 opcodes */ 95 96 dcl add3_op bit (10) int static init ("0100100101"b /*222(1)*/); 97 dcl subtract3_op bit (10) int static init ("0100100111"b /*233(1)*/); 98 99 100 /* DECLARATION OF INTERNAL AUTOMATIC VARIABLES */ 101 102 /* Declaration of buffers used by the addressability utility */ 103 104 /* Relocation info buffer */ 105 dcl reloc_buffer (1:10) fixed bin; 106 107 /* instruction/descriptor buffer */ 108 dcl addr_inst_buffer (1:10) fixed bin; 109 110 /* addressability input buffer */ 111 dcl addr_input_buffer (1:30) fixed bin; 112 dcl dn_ptr ptr; 113 114 115 /**************************************************/ 116 /* START OF EXECUTION */ 117 /* cobol_add3 */ 118 /**************************************************/ 119 120 121 /* Point pointers at the buffers used to establish addressability */ 122 123 reloc_ptr = addr (reloc_buffer (1)); 124 input_ptr = addr (addr_input_buffer (1)); 125 inst_ptr = addr (addr_inst_buffer (1)); 126 127 /* Build the input structure to the addressability utility */ 128 129 input_struc.type = 6; /* eis, 3 input operands, instruction word and 3 descriptors returned */ 130 input_struc.operand_no = 3; 131 input_struc.lock = 0; /* no locks */ 132 133 input_struc.operand.token_ptr (1) = operand1_ptr; 134 input_struc.operand.send_receive (1) = 0; /* sending */ 135 input_struc.operand.size_sw (1) = 0; /* utility worries about size */ 136 137 input_struc.operand.token_ptr (2) = operand2_ptr; 138 input_struc.operand.send_receive (2) = 0; /* sending */ 139 input_struc.operand.size_sw (2) = 0; 140 141 input_struc.operand.token_ptr (3) = result_ptr; 142 input_struc.operand.send_receive (3) = 1; /* receiving */ 143 input_struc.operand.size_sw (3) = 0; 144 145 /* Set the proper opcode into the eis instruction */ 146 if opcode_code = 1 /* add */ 147 then inst_struc.fill1_op = add3_op; 148 else inst_struc.fill1_op = subtract3_op; 149 150 /* Establish the addresses */ 151 152 call cobol_addr (input_ptr, inst_ptr, reloc_ptr); 153 154 /* Set the rounding bit in the eis instruction if necessary */ 155 if result_ptr -> data_name.rounded 156 then inst_struc.zero3 = "01"b; /* TRUNCATION OFF, ROUNDING ON */ 157 158 /* Emit the eis instruction and 3 descriptors */ 159 160 call cobol_emit (inst_ptr, reloc_ptr, 4); 161 162 /***..... if Trace_Bit then call cobol_gen_driver_$Tr_End(MY_NAME);/**/ 163 return; 164 165 166 /***..... dcl cobol_gen_driver_$Tr_Beg entry(char(*));/**/ 167 /***..... dcl cobol_gen_driver_$Tr_End entry(char(*));/**/ 168 169 /***..... dcl Trace_Bit bit(1) static external;/**/ 170 /***..... dcl Trace_Lev fixed bin static external;/**/ 171 /***..... dcl Trace_Line char(36) static external;/**/ 172 /***..... dcl ioa_ entry options(variable); /**/ 173 /***..... dcl MY_NAME char (10) int static init ("COBOL_ADD3");/**/ 174 175 176 /* INCLUDE FILES USED BY THIS PROCEDURE */ 177 178 179 /***** Declaration for builtin function *****/ 180 181 dcl (substr, mod, binary, fixed, addr, addrel, rel, length, string, unspec, null, index) 182 builtin; 183 184 /***** End of declaration for builtin function *****/ 185 1 1 1 2 /* BEGIN INCLUDE FILE ... cobol_type9.incl.pl1 */ 1 3 /* Last modified on 11/19/76 by ORN */ 1 4 1 5 /* 1 6*A type 9 data name token is entered into the name table by the data 1 7*division syntax phase for each data name described in the data division. 1 8*The replacement phase subsequently replaces type 8 user word references 1 9*to data names in the procedure division minpral file with the corresponding 1 10*type 9 tokens from the name table. 1 11**/ 1 12 1 13 /* dcl dn_ptr ptr; */ 1 14 1 15 /* BEGIN DECLARATION OF TYPE9 (DATA NAME) TOKEN */ 1 16 dcl 1 data_name based (dn_ptr), 2 1 2 2 /* begin include file ... cobol_TYPE9.incl.pl1 */ 2 3 /* Last modified on 06/19/77 by ORN */ 2 4 /* Last modified on 12/28/76 by FCH */ 2 5 2 6 /* header */ 2 7 2 size fixed bin, 2 8 2 line fixed bin, 2 9 2 column fixed bin, 2 10 2 type fixed bin, 2 11 /* body */ 2 12 2 string_ptr ptr, 2 13 2 prev_rec ptr, 2 14 2 searched bit (1), 2 15 2 duplicate bit (1), 2 16 2 saved bit (1), 2 17 2 debug_ind bit (1), 2 18 2 filler2 bit (3), 2 19 2 used_as_sub bit (1), 2 20 2 def_line fixed bin, 2 21 2 level fixed bin, 2 22 2 linkage fixed bin, 2 23 2 file_num fixed bin, 2 24 2 size_rtn fixed bin, 2 25 2 item_length fixed bin(24), 2 26 2 places_left fixed bin, 2 27 2 places_right fixed bin, 2 28 /* description */ 2 29 2 file_section bit (1), 2 30 2 working_storage bit (1), 2 31 2 constant_section bit (1), 2 32 2 linkage_section bit (1), 2 33 2 communication_section bit (1), 2 34 2 report_section bit (1), 2 35 2 level_77 bit (1), 2 36 2 level_01 bit (1), 2 37 2 non_elementary bit (1), 2 38 2 elementary bit (1), 2 39 2 filler_item bit (1), 2 40 2 s_of_rdf bit (1), 2 41 2 o_of_rdf bit (1), 2 42 2 bin_18 bit (1), 2 43 2 bin_36 bit (1), 2 44 2 pic_has_l bit (1), 2 45 2 pic_is_do bit (1), 2 46 2 numeric bit (1), 2 47 2 numeric_edited bit (1), 2 48 2 alphanum bit (1), 2 49 2 alphanum_edited bit (1), 2 50 2 alphabetic bit (1), 2 51 2 alphabetic_edited bit (1), 2 52 2 pic_has_p bit (1), 2 53 2 pic_has_ast bit (1), 2 54 2 item_signed bit(1), 2 55 2 sign_separate bit (1), 2 56 2 display bit (1), 2 57 2 comp bit (1), 2 58 2 ascii_packed_dec_h bit (1), /* as of 8/16/76 this field used for comp8. */ 2 59 2 ascii_packed_dec bit (1), 2 60 2 ebcdic_packed_dec bit (1), 2 61 2 bin_16 bit (1), 2 62 2 bin_32 bit (1), 2 63 2 usage_index bit (1), 2 64 2 just_right bit (1), 2 65 2 compare_argument bit (1), 2 66 2 sync bit (1), 2 67 2 temporary bit (1), 2 68 2 bwz bit (1), 2 69 2 variable_length bit (1), 2 70 2 subscripted bit (1), 2 71 2 occurs_do bit (1), 2 72 2 key_a bit (1), 2 73 2 key_d bit (1), 2 74 2 indexed_by bit (1), 2 75 2 value_numeric bit (1), 2 76 2 value_non_numeric bit (1), 2 77 2 value_signed bit (1), 2 78 2 sign_type bit (3), 2 79 2 pic_integer bit (1), 2 80 2 ast_when_zero bit (1), 2 81 2 label_record bit (1), 2 82 2 sign_clause_occurred bit (1), 2 83 2 okey_dn bit (1), 2 84 2 subject_of_keyis bit (1), 2 85 2 exp_redefining bit (1), 2 86 2 sync_in_rec bit (1), 2 87 2 rounded bit (1), 2 88 2 ad_bit bit (1), 2 89 2 debug_all bit (1), 2 90 2 overlap bit (1), 2 91 2 sum_counter bit (1), 2 92 2 exp_occurs bit (1), 2 93 2 linage_counter bit (1), 2 94 2 rnm_01 bit (1), 2 95 2 aligned bit (1), 2 96 2 not_user_writable bit (1), 2 97 2 database_key bit (1), 2 98 2 database_data_item bit (1), 2 99 2 seg_num fixed bin, 2 100 2 offset fixed bin(24), 2 101 2 initial_ptr fixed bin, 2 102 2 edit_ptr fixed bin, 2 103 2 occurs_ptr fixed bin, 2 104 2 do_rec char(5), 2 105 2 bitt bit (1), 2 106 2 byte bit (1), 2 107 2 half_word bit (1), 2 108 2 word bit (1), 2 109 2 double_word bit (1), 2 110 2 half_byte bit (1), 2 111 2 filler5 bit (1), 2 112 2 bit_offset bit (4), 2 113 2 son_cnt bit (16), 2 114 2 max_red_size fixed bin(24), 2 115 2 name_size fixed bin, 2 116 2 name char(0 refer(data_name.name_size)); 2 117 2 118 2 119 2 120 /* end include file ... cobol_TYPE9.incl.pl1 */ 2 121 1 17 1 18 /* END DECLARATION OF TYPE9 (DATA NAME) TOKEN */ 1 19 1 20 /* END INCLUDE FILE ... cobol_type9.incl.pl1 */ 1 21 186 187 188 3 1 3 2 /* BEGIN INCLUDE FILE ... cobol_addr_tokens.incl.pl1 */ 3 3 3 4 3 5 /****^ HISTORY COMMENTS: 3 6* 1) change(89-04-23,Zimmerman), approve(89-04-23,MCR8058), 3 7* audit(89-05-05,RWaters), install(89-05-24,MR12.3-1048): 3 8* MCR8058 cobol_addr_tokens.incl.pl1 Change array extents to refer to 3 9* constants rather than variables. 3 10* END HISTORY COMMENTS */ 3 11 3 12 3 13 /* Last modified on 10/1/74 by tg */ 3 14 3 15 3 16 /* parameter list */ 3 17 3 18 dcl (input_ptr, inst_ptr, reloc_ptr) ptr; 3 19 3 20 3 21 /* input_struc_basic is used for type 1 addressing */ 3 22 3 23 dcl 1 input_struc_basic based (input_ptr), 3 24 2 type fixed bin, 3 25 2 operand_no fixed bin, 3 26 2 lock fixed bin, 3 27 2 segno fixed bin, 3 28 2 char_offset fixed bin (24), 3 29 2 send_receive fixed bin; 3 30 3 31 3 32 dcl 1 input_struc based (input_ptr), 3 33 2 type fixed bin, 3 34 2 operand_no fixed bin, 3 35 2 lock fixed bin, 3 36 2 operand (0 refer (input_struc.operand_no)), 3 37 3 token_ptr ptr, 3 38 3 send_receive fixed bin, 3 39 3 ic_mod fixed bin, 3 40 3 size_sw fixed bin; 3 41 3 42 /* reloc_struc is used for all types of addressing * all types */ 3 43 3 44 dcl 1 reloc_struc (input_struc.operand_no + 1) based (reloc_ptr), 3 45 2 left_wd bit (5) aligned, 3 46 2 right_wd bit (5) aligned; 3 47 3 48 /* Instruction format for 1 word instruction */ 3 49 3 50 3 51 dcl 1 inst_struc_basic based (inst_ptr) aligned, 3 52 2 y unaligned, 3 53 3 pr bit (3) unaligned, 3 54 3 wd_offset bit (15) unaligned, 3 55 2 fill1_op bit (10) unaligned, 3 56 2 zero1 bit (1) unaligned, 3 57 2 pr_spec bit (1) unaligned, 3 58 2 tm bit (2) unaligned, 3 59 2 td bit (4) unaligned; 3 60 3 61 3 62 /* The detailed definitions of the fields in this structure 3 63* can be found in the GMAP manual section 8 */ 3 64 /* EIS instruction format for 2_4 word instructions */ 3 65 3 66 dcl 1 inst_struc based (inst_ptr) aligned, 3 67 2 inst unaligned, 3 68 3 zero1 bit (2) unaligned, 3 69 3 mf3 unaligned, 3 70 4 pr_spec bit (1) unaligned, 3 71 4 reg_or_length bit (1) unaligned, 3 72 4 zero2 bit (1) unaligned, 3 73 4 reg_mod bit (4) unaligned, 3 74 3 zero3 bit (2) unaligned, 3 75 3 mf2 unaligned, 3 76 4 pr_spec bit (1) unaligned, 3 77 4 reg_or_length bit (1) unaligned, 3 78 4 zero4 bit (1) unaligned, 3 79 4 reg_mod bit (4) unaligned, 3 80 3 fill1_op bit (10) unaligned, 3 81 3 zero5 bit (1) unaligned, 3 82 3 mf1 unaligned, 3 83 4 pr_spec bit (1) unaligned, 3 84 4 reg_or_length bit (1) unaligned, 3 85 4 zero6 bit (1) unaligned, 3 86 4 reg_mod bit (4) unaligned, 3 87 2 desc_ext unaligned, 3 88 3 desc (512) unaligned, 3 89 4 desc_od bit (36) unaligned; 3 90 3 91 /* The detailed definitions of the fields in this structure 3 92* can be found in the GMAP manual section 8. 3 93* The desc_ext is the descriptor extension of this eis 3 94* instruction. The number of descriptors associated with 3 95* this instruction is equavalent to the operand number. 3 96* Depending on operand data type, the descriptor 3 97* can be alphanumeric or numeric. The structures of the 3 98* alphanumeric and the numeric descriptors are defined 3 99* below. */ 3 100 3 101 /* alphanumeric descriptor format */ 3 102 3 103 dcl 1 desc_an based (desc_an_ptr) unaligned, 3 104 2 desc_f (512) unaligned, 3 105 3 y unaligned, 3 106 4 pr bit (3) unaligned, 3 107 4 wd_offset bit (15) unaligned, 3 108 3 char_n bit (3) unaligned, 3 109 3 zero1 bit (1) unaligned, 3 110 3 ta bit (2), 3 111 3 n bit (12) unaligned; 3 112 3 113 3 114 /* The detailed definitions of the fields in this structure can 3 115* be found in the GMAP manual section 8. */ 3 116 /* numeric descriptor format */ 3 117 3 118 dcl desc_nn_ptr ptr; 3 119 dcl desc_an_ptr ptr; 3 120 3 121 3 122 dcl 1 desc_nn based (desc_nn_ptr) unaligned, 3 123 2 desc_f (512) unaligned, 3 124 3 y unaligned, 3 125 4 pr bit (3) unaligned, 3 126 4 wd_offset bit (15) unaligned, 3 127 3 digit_n bit (3) unaligned, 3 128 3 tn bit (1) unaligned, 3 129 3 sign_type bit (2) unaligned, 3 130 3 scal bit (6) unaligned, 3 131 3 n bit (6) unaligned; 3 132 3 133 3 134 /* The detailed definitions of fields in this structure can 3 135* be found in the GMAP manual section 8. */ 3 136 /* END INCLUDE FILE ... cobol_addr_tokens.incl.pl1 */ 3 137 189 190 191 /**************************************************/ 192 /* END OF PROCEDDURE */ 193 /* cobol_add3 */ 194 /*************************************************/ 195 196 end cobol_add3; SOURCE FILES USED IN THIS COMPILATION. LINE NUMBER DATE MODIFIED NAME PATHNAME 0 05/24/89 0830.4 cobol_add3.pl1 >spec>install>MR12.3-1048>cobol_add3.pl1 186 1 03/27/82 0439.9 cobol_type9.incl.pl1 >ldd>include>cobol_type9.incl.pl1 1-17 2 11/11/82 1712.7 cobol_TYPE9.incl.pl1 >ldd>include>cobol_TYPE9.incl.pl1 189 3 05/24/89 0811.7 cobol_addr_tokens.incl.pl1 >spec>install>MR12.3-1048>cobol_addr_tokens.incl.pl1 NAMES DECLARED IN THIS COMPILATION. IDENTIFIER OFFSET LOC STORAGE CLASS DATA TYPE ATTRIBUTES AND REFERENCES (* indicates a set context) NAMES DECLARED BY DECLARE STATEMENT. add3_op constant bit(10) initial packed unaligned dcl 96 ref 146 addr builtin function dcl 181 ref 123 124 125 addr_input_buffer 000124 automatic fixed bin(17,0) array dcl 111 set ref 124 addr_inst_buffer 000112 automatic fixed bin(17,0) array dcl 108 set ref 125 cobol_addr 000010 constant entry external dcl 87 ref 152 cobol_emit 000012 constant entry external dcl 88 ref 160 data_name based structure level 1 unaligned dcl 1-16 fill1_op 0(18) based bit(10) level 3 packed packed unaligned dcl 3-66 set ref 146* 148* input_ptr 000162 automatic pointer dcl 3-18 set ref 124* 129 130 131 133 134 135 137 138 139 141 142 143 152* input_struc based structure level 1 unaligned dcl 3-32 inst based structure level 2 packed packed unaligned dcl 3-66 inst_ptr 000164 automatic pointer dcl 3-18 set ref 125* 146 148 152* 155 160* inst_struc based structure level 1 dcl 3-66 lock 2 based fixed bin(17,0) level 2 dcl 3-32 set ref 131* opcode_code parameter fixed bin(35,0) dcl 60 ref 31 146 operand 4 based structure array level 2 unaligned dcl 3-32 operand1_ptr parameter pointer dcl 57 ref 31 133 operand2_ptr parameter pointer dcl 58 ref 31 137 operand_no 1 based fixed bin(17,0) level 2 dcl 3-32 set ref 130* reloc_buffer 000100 automatic fixed bin(17,0) array dcl 105 set ref 123 reloc_ptr 000166 automatic pointer dcl 3-18 set ref 123* 152* 160* result_ptr parameter pointer dcl 59 ref 31 141 155 rounded 22(24) based bit(1) level 2 packed packed unaligned dcl 1-16 ref 155 send_receive 6 based fixed bin(17,0) array level 3 dcl 3-32 set ref 134* 138* 142* size_sw 10 based fixed bin(17,0) array level 3 dcl 3-32 set ref 135* 139* 143* subtract3_op constant bit(10) initial packed unaligned dcl 97 ref 148 token_ptr 4 based pointer array level 3 dcl 3-32 set ref 133* 137* 141* type based fixed bin(17,0) level 2 dcl 3-32 set ref 129* zero3 0(09) based bit(2) level 3 packed packed unaligned dcl 3-66 set ref 155* NAMES DECLARED BY DECLARE STATEMENT AND NEVER REFERENCED. addrel builtin function dcl 181 binary builtin function dcl 181 desc_an based structure level 1 packed packed unaligned dcl 3-103 desc_an_ptr automatic pointer dcl 3-119 desc_nn based structure level 1 packed packed unaligned dcl 3-122 desc_nn_ptr automatic pointer dcl 3-118 dn_ptr automatic pointer dcl 112 fixed builtin function dcl 181 index builtin function dcl 181 input_struc_basic based structure level 1 unaligned dcl 3-23 inst_struc_basic based structure level 1 dcl 3-51 length builtin function dcl 181 mod builtin function dcl 181 null builtin function dcl 181 rel builtin function dcl 181 reloc_struc based structure array level 1 unaligned dcl 3-44 string builtin function dcl 181 substr builtin function dcl 181 unspec builtin function dcl 181 NAME DECLARED BY EXPLICIT CONTEXT. cobol_add3 000007 constant entry external dcl 31 THERE WERE NO NAMES DECLARED BY CONTEXT OR IMPLICATION. STORAGE REQUIREMENTS FOR THIS PROGRAM. Object Text Link Symbol Defs Static Start 0 0 166 202 126 176 Length 422 126 14 203 40 0 BLOCK NAME STACK SIZE TYPE WHY NONQUICK/WHO SHARES STACK FRAME cobol_add3 129 external procedure is an external procedure. STORAGE FOR AUTOMATIC VARIABLES. STACK FRAME LOC IDENTIFIER BLOCK NAME cobol_add3 000100 reloc_buffer cobol_add3 000112 addr_inst_buffer cobol_add3 000124 addr_input_buffer cobol_add3 000162 input_ptr cobol_add3 000164 inst_ptr cobol_add3 000166 reloc_ptr cobol_add3 THE FOLLOWING EXTERNAL OPERATORS ARE USED BY THIS PROGRAM. call_ext_out return_mac ext_entry THE FOLLOWING EXTERNAL ENTRIES ARE CALLED BY THIS PROGRAM. cobol_addr cobol_emit NO EXTERNAL VARIABLES ARE USED BY THIS PROGRAM. LINE LOC LINE LOC LINE LOC LINE LOC LINE LOC LINE LOC LINE LOC 31 000002 123 000014 124 000016 125 000020 129 000022 130 000024 131 000026 133 000027 134 000033 135 000034 137 000035 138 000040 139 000041 141 000042 142 000045 143 000047 146 000050 148 000060 152 000064 155 000076 160 000110 163 000125 ----------------------------------------------------------- Historical Background This edition of the Multics software materials and documentation is provided and donated to Massachusetts Institute of Technology by Group BULL including BULL HN Information Systems Inc. as a contribution to computer science knowledge. This donation is made also to give evidence of the common contributions of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Bell Laboratories, General Electric, Honeywell Information Systems Inc., Honeywell BULL Inc., Groupe BULL and BULL HN Information Systems Inc. to the development of this operating system. Multics development was initiated by Massachusetts Institute of Technology Project MAC (1963-1970), renamed the MIT Laboratory for Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence in the mid 1970s, under the leadership of Professor Fernando Jose Corbato. Users consider that Multics provided the best software architecture for managing computer hardware properly and for executing programs. Many subsequent operating systems incorporated Multics principles. Multics was distributed in 1975 to 2000 by Group Bull in Europe , and in the U.S. by Bull HN Information Systems Inc., as successor in interest by change in name only to Honeywell Bull Inc. and Honeywell Information Systems Inc. . ----------------------------------------------------------- Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute these programs and their documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,provided that the below copyright notice and historical background appear in all copies and that both the copyright notice and historical background and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation, and that the names of MIT, HIS, BULL or BULL HN not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the programs without specific prior written permission. Copyright 1972 by Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Honeywell Information Systems Inc. Copyright 2006 by BULL HN Information Systems Inc. Copyright 2006 by Bull SAS All Rights Reserved