Speakers

Richard Schmalensee is Professor of Economics and Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and has been the John C Head III Dean of the MIT Sloan School of Management since 1998.

Professor Schmalensee was a member of the President's Council of Economic Advisers from 1989 through 1991 and a deputy dean of the MIT Sloan School from 1996 through 1998. He has served as director of the MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, as a member of the Environmental Protection Agency’s Environmental Economics Advisory Board and as chairman of its Advisory Council on Clean Air Act Compliance Analysis. He has also served on the Committee on National Statistics of the National Academies. He is a director of the International Securities Exchange and of MFS Investment Management.

Professor Schmalensee's research has centered on industrial economics and its application to managerial and public policy issues. He has studied antitrust, regulatory, and environmental policies. He has published over one hundred articles in professional journals and books and is the author of three books and coauthor of five others. Professor Schmalensee was coeditor of the Handbook of Industrial Organization and founding editor of the MIT Press Regulation of Economic Activity monograph series, and he has served on the editorial boards of the American Economic Review, the Journal of Economic Perspectives, and several other professional journals. He is a research associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research, a member of the International Academy of Management, and a Fellow of the Econometric Society and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He has served as a member of the Executive Committee of the American Economic Association.

Professor Schmalensee grew up in Belleville, Illinois. He received his SB (Economics, Politics, and Science; 1965) and Ph.D. (Economics; 1970) degrees from MIT. Prior to joining the MIT faculty in 1977, he taught at the University of California, San Diego.

Martha L. Gray, Ph.D., is director of the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology (HST) and the Edward Hood Taplin Professor of Medical and Electrical Engineering, holding professorial appointments in both HST and the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) at MIT.

She received a B.S. in computer science from Michigan State University in 1978, an S.M. in Electrical Engineering from MIT (1981) and Ph.D. in Medical Engineering/Medical Physics from HST (1986). After a post-doc at Tufts Schools of Medicine and SUNY Stony Brook, she returned to MIT, joining the faculty of HST and EECS.

Professor Gray's research interests center on ways to diagnose and treat cartilage degeneration (arthritis), and also include connective tissue physiology, imaging, and microfabrication. She holds key leadership roles in a number educational projects, including HST's Biomedical Engineering Internship Program, the NSF Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Educational Technologies (VaNTH), and Realistic Patient Simulation for Training in Critical Care and Emergency Medicine.

Professor Gray is a past recipient of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Research Associate Award, the National Science Foundation Presidential Young Investigator Award, and the American Medical Women's Association President's Recognition Award. She is a member of the Editorial Advisory Board of the Journal of Orthopaedic Research and a Fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering.

Mark McClellan was sworn in as Commissioner of Food and Drugs on November 14, 2002, following Senate confirmation by unanimous consent.

Previously, he was Associate Professor of Economics at Stanford University, Associate Professor of Medicine at Stanford Medical School, a practicing internist, and Director of the Program on Health Outcomes Research at Stanford University. He was also a Research Associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research and a Visiting Scholar at the American Enterprise Institute. Additionally, he was a Member of the National Cancer Policy Board of the National Academy of Sciences, Associate Editor of the Journal of Health Economics, and co-Principal Investigator of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a longitudinal study of the health and economic well-being of older Americans. From 1998-99, he was Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Economic Policy, where he supervised economic analysis and policy development on a wide range of domestic policy issues.

During 2001 and 2002, Dr. McClellan served in the White House. He was a Member of the President's Council of Economic Advisers, where he advised on domestic economic issues. He also served during this time as a senior policy director for health care and related economic issues for the White House.

Dr. McClellan's research studies have addressed measuring and improving the quality of health care, the economic and policy factors influencing medical treatment decisions and health outcomes, estimating the effects of medical treatments, technological change in health care and its consequences for health and medical expenditures, and the relationship between health and economic well-being. He has twice received the Arrow Award for Outstanding Research in Health Economics. He earned his MD degree from the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology and his PhD in Economics from MIT. He completed his residency training in internal medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital, and he is board-certified in Internal Medicine.

Ken Morse is a serial entrepreneur, having played a key role in launching several high-tech start-ups, including 3Com Corporation, Aspen Technology, an expert systems company, and a biotech firm. Ken's batting average is 0.833 - five of his start-ups went public or were successfully merged; one was a complete disaster. As head of the MIT Entrepreneurship Center, Ken is responsible for inspiring, training, and coaching new generations of entrepreneurs from all parts of MIT. Ken has been profiled and quoted in numerous publications, including the Wall Street Journal, Financial Times, Economist, and Red Herring. Under his leadership, the MIT Entrepreneurship Center has gone from only a few professors teaching 2-3 entrepreneurship courses to over 30 faculty teaching 20 courses. He currently serves on the Board of Associates of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical research. He is also on the Advisory Boards of PolyTechnos Venture-Partners, Capricorn Venture Partners, Orchid Partners, Darby Technology Ventures Group.

Robert S. Langer is the Kenneth J. Germeshausen Professor of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dr. Langer has written 775 articles. He also has over 500 issued or pending patents worldwide, one of which was cited as the outstanding patent in Massachusetts in 1988 and one of 20 outstanding patents in the United States. Dr. Langer's patents have been licensed or sublicensed to over 100 pharmaceutical, chemical, biotechnology and medical device companies; a number of these companies were launched on the basis of these patent licenses. He served as a member of the United States Food and Drug Administration's SCIENCE Board, the FDA's highest advisory board, from 1995-2002 and as its Chairman from 1999-2002.

Dr. Langer has received over 100 major awards. In 2002, he received the $500,000 Charles Stark Draper Prize, considered the equivalent of the Nobel Prize for engineers and the world's most prestigious engineering prize, from the National Academy of Engineering. He is also the only engineer to receive the Gairdner Foundation International Award; 60 recipients of this award have subsequently received a Nobel Prize. In 1998, he received the $500,000 Lemelson-MIT prize, the world's largest prize for invention for being "one of history's most prolific inventors in medicine." In 1989 Dr. Langer was elected to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences and in 1992 he was elected to both the National Academy of Engineering and to the National Academy of Sciences. He is one of very few people ever elected to all three United States National Academies and the youngest in history (at age 43) to ever receive this distinction.

Forbes Magazine (1999) and Bio World (1990) have named Langer as one of the 25 most important individuals in biotechnology in the world. Discover Magazine (2002) named him as one of the 20 most important people in this area. Forbes Magazine (2002) selected Langer as one of the 15 innovators world wide who will reinvent our future. Time Magazine and CNN (2001) named Langer as one of the 100 most important people in America and one of the 18 top people in science or medicine in America. He has served at various times, on 15 boards of directors and 30 Scientific Advisory Boards of such companies as Wyeth, Alkermes, Mitsubishi Pharmaceuticals, Warner-Lambert, and Guilford Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Langer has received honorary doctorates from the ETH (Switzerland), the Technion (Israel), the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Israel), the Universite Catholique de Louvain (Belgium) and the University of Liverpool (England). He received his Bachelor's Degree from Cornell University in 1970 and his Sc.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1974, both in Chemical Engineering.