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%<*!debugins>
        [2003/01/27 v5.2
%</!debugins>
%<package>     a miscellany of footnote facilities%
%<*dtx>
               footmisc package source file%
%</dtx>
%<*!debugins>
                   ]% $Id: footmisc.dtx,v 4.10 2003/01/20 12:51:01 rf Exp rf $
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% \CheckSum{1356}
%
% \title{\texttt{footmisc} ---\\
%        a portmanteau package\\
%        for customising footnotes in \LaTeX\thanks{This file has
%          version number \fileversion, last revised \filedate}}
% \author{Robin Fairbairns\thanks{University of Cambridge Computer
%     Laboratory, William Gates Building, J.\,J. Thompson Avenue, 
%     Cambridge, CB2 0FD, UK
%     (\texttt{rf10@cam.ac.uk})}}
% \maketitle
%
% \section*{Support}
%
% Some support of this package is available \emph{for unchanged copies
%   of the package} via email to me at the address given in the
% footnote.  Support will remain available at least as long as the
% address remains valid.  I don't guarantee anything, but I will
% probably look at any bug reports you may submit, and may correct
% problems reported (either in my code or in yours\dots).
%
% \section*{Copyright statement}
%
% \noindent Program: \texttt{footmisc.dtx}\par
% \noindent Copyright 1995 1996 1998 1999 2001 2002 2003 Robin Fairbairns
%
% This program may redistributed and/or modified under the terms
% of the LaTeX Project Public License in file \texttt{lppl.txt}
% (available from CTAN directory \texttt{macros/latex/base}; either
% version 1.2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
%
% \section{User interface~--- package options}
%
% The \textsf{footmisc} package provides several different
% customisations of the way foonotes are represented in \LaTeXe{}
% documents (the sources of the code in this package are various, but
% all of it has been massaged by the author; where the code comes from
% elsewhere, there are attributions given below, somewhere or other).
%
% The interface to the
% package's options is mostly rather simple~--- each one is presented as an
% option in the |\usepackage| command, and for most, nothing else
% needs to be done.  For example, to use a useful
% and consistent set, the author invokes the package with the
% command |\usepackage[perpage,para,symbol*]{footmisc}|.
%
% For a small number of options, there are additional parameters
% available; these are described in the subsections below.
%
% \subsection{Option \texttt{perpage}}
% \label{sec:perpagedoc}
%
% This option resets footnote numbering for each page of the document.
% It needs at least two passes to do this correctly (though it comes
% as close as possible on the first pass).  You generally have to make
% two passes with \LaTeX{} anyway, to get the cross-references right,
% so an additional pass for this purpose shouldn't cause any
% additional problem.  The option includes code to report that
% `\emph{Label(s) may have changed}', which will help the poor user to
% realise that (yet) another run is in order.
%
%^^A \noindent(The following description is omitted because it is
%^^A out-of-date; if you would understand the warnings, you can find
%^^A the definition of these beastly debugging streams.  They do help
%^^A somewhat, but they're immensely tedious: be warned\dots)
%^^A
%^^A \subsection{Options \texttt{PPwarn} and \texttt{PPaux}}
%^^A
%^^A Bugs in this code have been known in the past to cause the process
%^^A of re-running \LaTeX{} to eliminate `\emph{Label(s) may have
%^^A changed}' messages not to terminate.  The author fondly believes
%^^A (after yet another campaign starting in the Christmas holiday of
%^^A 1996) that he has finally squashed all those bugs.
%^^A
%^^A Notwithstanding, being a pragmatic sort of a guy (on a good day),
%^^A the author makes provision for these two debugging options.
%^^A \texttt{PPwarn} makes record (`\emph{Package footmisc warning}') in the
%^^A log of a footnote whose processing is in error, giving the apparent
%^^A page on which it appears, its `natural' number, and its recorded
%^^A value (or the fact that it doesn't seem to have a recorded value).
%^^A The warnings sometimes mention that the footnote is `unprocessed';
%^^A this can happen in two situations:
%^^A \begin{itemize}
%^^A \item when there's no mention of the footnote in any \texttt{.aux}
%^^A   file, in which case the footnote is reported as `not recorded',
%^^A   and
%^^A \item when the footnote has somehow got awry despite being in a file
%^^A   excluded from the present run by virtue of its omission from an
%^^A   \cs{includeonly} command.
%^^A \end{itemize}
%^^A
%^^A The \texttt{PPaux} option writes even more cryptic debugging
%^^A messages to the \texttt{.aux} file; these are really only of any use
%^^A to one who is conversant with the extraordinary inner workings of
%^^A the \texttt{perpage} option.
%^^A
%^^A Since the warnings can only be regarded as distractions for the
%^^A ordinary user, and the \texttt{.aux} output is a mere inefficiency
%^^A in the ordinary course of events, their very existence is suppressed
%^^A in the distribution of the package.  Budding macro-debuggers should
%^^A enable docstrip option \texttt{PPdebug} in file
%^^A \texttt{footmisc.ins} to cause their code to be generated, or use
%^^A the alternative installation file \texttt{footmisc.din} that is
%^^A created by the basic installation process.
%
% \subsection{Option \texttt{para}}
%
% This option (derived from code by Dominik Wujastyk and Chris Rowley)
% causes footnotes to be typeset as a single paragraph at the bottom
% of the page on which they occur.  In the case that there is only one
% footnote on the page, no effect will be observed.  However, if there
% are several footnotes on the page, they will be run together in the
% page foot, each introduced by its footnote mark.  The original
% demand for the option came from the needs of those preparing
% critical editions; such documents typically have large numbers of
% small footnotes, which look ridiculous if each is typeset in a
% paragraph of its own; in most other disciplines, such multiplicities
% of footnotes represent mere self-indulgence: the author of this
% package is disgracefully guilty of this.
%
% \subsection{Option \texttt{side}}
%
% This option (suggested by Frank Mittelbach) causes footnotes to be
% typeset using the \cs{marginpar} command: this has the advantage
% that the note appears close to its ``call-up'', but has all the
% disadvantages associated with the \cs{marginpar} command (which
% consumes `float' slots, and doesn't always place itself correctly at
% the top of pages in two-sided documents).  Since the measure in
% which the footnote is to be typeset is likely to be pretty narrow,
% users of the \texttt{side} option are recommended also to use the
% \texttt{ragged} option, to avoid ugly spacing and line breaks.
%
% There is a further problem (apart from the occasional failure to
% place the marginal note on the correct side of the page) in
% two-sided documents: one would like `raggedness' to appear
% differently in different margins (setting the left, rather than the
% right, side ragged in the left margin).  (The author would welcome
% suggestions on means of addressing the problem.)
%
% \subsection{Option \texttt{ragged} and \cs{footnotelayout}}
%
% The package provides facilities for ragged right setting of
% footnotes (so long as the \texttt{para} option isn't in effect).
% The change is effected by use of the command \cs{footnotelayout};
% the package inserts this command into the start of the argument of
% \cs{footnotetext} (in effect: \cs{footnote} works, roughly, by
% calling the guts of \cs{footnotetext} at its end).
%
% If you want to use some special effect other than ragged right, feel
% free to change \cs{footnotelayout} yourself: some intriguing (and
% completely undesirable) results are no doubt available.  The
% \texttt{ragged} option simply sets \cs{footnotelayout} to
% \cs{raggedright}.  (Hint: if you intend to use the \textsf{ragged2e}
% package, load it before \textsf{footmisc}~--- if \textsf{footmisc}
% finds \cs{RaggedRight} available, it uses it in place of
% \cs{raggedright}.)
%
% \subsection{Option \texttt{symbol}}
%
% This option simply establishes that footnotes are ``labelled'' by
% a symbol sequence.  The command used is equivalent to that
% suggested in \LaTeX{} manuals such as Lamport's )the job performed
% by the option is very simple, and doesn't really need a package).
%
% Using symbols to `number' your footnotes can be problematic: there
% is a limited number of symbols, and \LaTeX{} will report an error if
% your footnotes exceed that limit.  To avoid such problems, consider
% the \texttt{symbol*} option, or the \cs{setfnsymbol} command (see
% the next two sections), or number your footnotes by the page (see
% section~\ref{sec:perpagedoc}).
%
% \subsection{Option \texttt{symbol*}}
%
% This is the \texttt{symbol} option, but with protection against the
% tedium that arises because of the instability of the
% \texttt{perpage} option.  When executing the \texttt{perpage}
% option, the package often allocates footnotes to the wrong pages,
% only to correct itself on a later run (having warned the user of the
% need for the later run with a `\emph{Label(s) may have changed}'
% message).  In these circumstances the \texttt{symbol} option is
% prone to producing \LaTeX{} errors, which stop processing, and
% confound automatic generation procedures.  In the same situation,
% the \texttt{symbol*} option produces information messages and a
% warning message at end document, and the user may scan the log for
% those messages \emph{after} processing has stabilised.  The option
% produces numbers (10 and higher) in place of symbols, when the
% footnote number was too large.
%
% \subsection{The \cs{setfnsymbol} and \cs{DefineFNsymbols} commands}
%
% These commands permit the definition and use of alternative
% (ordered) sets of symbols for numbering footnotes.  \LaTeX{} of
% course comes with such a set ready-defined, but the choice of
% symbols isn't universally loved.
%
% You may define a set of symbols with the \cs{DefineFNsymbols}
% command.  \LaTeX{}'s default set would be defined by the command: 
% \begin{center}
%   \verb|\DefineFNsymbols{lamport}|%
%   \unskip\verb|{*\dagger\ddagger\S\P|\texttt{\char`\\\char`\|\%}\\
%   \unskip\verb|          {**}{\dagger\dagger}{\ddagger\ddagger}}|
% \end{center}
% You may select a set of symbols by use of the \cs{setfnsymbol}
% command; so to (re)store use of the default set, you would type:
% \begin{center}
%   \verb|\setfnsymbol{lamport}|
% \end{center}
% Of course, the \texttt{lamport} set \emph{isn't} defined this way,
% which is why the \texttt{symbol*} option to the package is defined;
% symbol numbering for a set defined by \cs{DefineFNsymbols} degrades
% gracefully to arabic numbering, in the same way as symbol numbering
% in \texttt{symbol*}.
%
% This package defines a small selection of alternative sets of
% symbols, using \cs{DefineFNsymbol}:
% \begin{center}
%   \begin{tabular}{ll}
%     \texttt{bringhurst} & $*\,\dagger\,\ddagger\,\S\,\|\,\P$ \\
%     \texttt{chicago}    & $*\,\dagger\,\ddagger\,\S\,\|\,\#$ \\
%     \texttt{wiley}      & $*\,\mathop{**}\,\dagger\,\ddagger\,\S\,\P\,\|$
%   \end{tabular}
% \end{center}
%
% \subsection{Option \texttt{bottom}}
%
% This option forces footnotes to the bottom of the page; this is only
% noticeably useful in case that \cs{raggedbottom} is in effect, when
% \LaTeX{} would normally set the footnotes a mere
% \cs{skip}\cs{footins} distant from the bottom of the text.
%
% There's a further infelicity in \LaTeX{}'s placing of footnotes of
% the bottom of pages: if a bottom float appears on a page, \LaTeX{}
% places the footnote \emph{above} it.  The \texttt{bottom} option
% places the footnote at the foot of the page.
%
% \subsection{Option \texttt{marginal}}
%
% This option adjusts the position of footnote mark relative to the
% start of the line in which they appear (the the option is
% incompatible with option \texttt{para}, for obvious reasons).
%
% When this option is in effect, the footnote is set
% \cs{footnotemargin} relative to the left margin of the page; the
% default setting for \cs{footnotemargin} is -0.8em, which means that
% the footnote mark will be set jutting 0.8em into the margin.  If
% \cs{footnotemargin} is a positive length, the footnote mark will be
% set with its right edge \cs{footnotemargin} from the margin.  (In
% the absence of the option, \cs{footnotemargin} is set to 1.8em; you
% may change that value with a \cs{setlength} command.)
%
% \subsection{Option \texttt{flushmargin}}
%
% This option is as option marginal, but sets the footnote marker
% flush with, but just inside the margin from, the text of the
% footnote.
%
% \subsection{Option \texttt{hang}}
%
% This option sets the footnote mark flush with the margin, and makes
% the body of the footnote hang at an indentation of
% \cs{footnotemargin} (if that is a positive distance), or the width
% of the marker (if \cs{footnotemargin}$\leq0$).  The option code
% itself leaves \cs{footnotemargin} at its default value of 1.8em.
%
% \subsection{Option \texttt{norule}}
%
% This option suppresses the `normal' footnote rule, and advances
% \cs{skip}\cs{footins} a bit to compensate
%
% \subsection{Option \texttt{splitrule}}
%
% This option makes puts a full-width rule above the split-off part of
% a split footnote.  (Remember that split footnotes don't happen if
% you're doing paragraph footnotes.)
%
% The option provides three different \cs{footnoterule} commands:\\
% \begin{tabular}{ll}
% \cs{mpfootnoterule} & for use in minipages \\
% \cs{pagefootnoterule} & for normal footnotes on regular pages \\
% \cs{splitfootnoterule} & for the tail of a split footnote
% \end{tabular}\\
% By default, \cs{mpfootnoterule} and \cs{pagefootnoterule} retain the
% original definition of \cs{footnoterule} (which nay have been
% modified by a \texttt{norule} option), while \cs{splitfootnoterule}
% becomes a full-width rule.
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{stable} option}
%
% This option deals with the problem of placing footnotes in section
% titles (and so on).  While there is (sometimes, just) justification
% for putting footnotes in titles, \LaTeX's treatment of the content
% of titles militates against them.  Of course, the title argument is
% ordinarily a moving one, and \cs{footnote} is a fragile command, but
% the real problem comes from the way the argument actually moves~---
% which is to two places.  The argument moves to the table of
% contents, where the footnote will (at least) look odd.  But the
% argument also moves to the marks that make up page headers, etc.,
% and \emph{there} it creates havoc, since page headers are executed
% in page make-up, and page make-up \emph{must not} create footnotes.
%
% If you use the \texttt{stable} option, the footnote won't move to
% the table of contents or the page headers, but it will be typeset
% correctly within the title itself.
%
% The situation with \cs{footnotemark} is less dire (it could in
% principle appear in page headers, for example); footnote marks
% appearing on pages other than where their text appears are none the
% less confusing, and the stable option treats \cs{footnotemark} in
% the same way that it treats \cs{footnote}.
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{multiple} option}
%
% This option deals with the case where the author needs to type
% things like
% \begin{verbatim}
%   mumble\footnote{blah}\footnote{grumble}
% \end{verbatim}
% Without special treatment, \LaTeX{} would output something like
% \begin{quote}
%   mumble\textsuperscript{1314}
% \end{quote}
% \noindent What the \texttt{multiple} option makes of the above is
% \begin{quote}
%   mumble\textsuperscript{13,14}
% \end{quote}
% which is what most people would expect.  The comma separator
% actually derives from the definition of \cs{multfootsep}, which
% may be changed by \cs{renewcommand} if the option is in effect.
%
% The option also treats \cs{footnotemark} in the same way.
%
% \subsection{User interface~--- miscellaneous commands}
%
% The package also defines some miscellaneous footnote-related
% commands.  The present group provides alternative means of producing
% footnote marks: \cs{footref} and \cs{mpfootnotemark}.
%
% When you're in a minipage, \cs{footnote} numbers run according to the
%  minipage's own footnote counter, and the marks are set in italic
% letters.  However, the numbers used by \cs{footnotemark} make
% reference to the `main'
% footnote counter, and are set in whatever is the current style for
% that: this behaviour often surprises, and there's no obvious way in
% standard \LaTeX{} to ``get around'' it.  The command
% \cs{mpfootnotemark} gets around this problem in a minipage, by
% generating footnote marks in the same way as those used by
% \cs{footnote}.
%
% In fact, making reference to footnotes in
% general can be problematic: it can be done by noting down the
% value of the footnote
% marker in a counter (or the like) and then using the value in a
% subsequent \cs{footnotemark} or \cs{mpfootnotemark}.  This is a
% tedious way of going about things, and doesn't allow representation
% of all possible forms of footnote mark; \cs{footref} is a form of
% reference command that sets the reference as if it were a footnote.
% The label should be set \emph{within} the argument of the footnote
% command that is being labelled:
% \begin{verbatim}
% ...\footnote{Note text\label{fnlabel}}
% ...
% ... potato head\footref{fnlabel}
% \end{verbatim}
%
% \section{User interface~--- interactions with other packages}
%
% The \textsf{footmisc} package modifies several parts of the \LaTeX{}
% kernel; what gets modified depends on the options you select.  This
% behaviour can cause problems with other packages, particularly those
% that also modify the kernel.
%
% Known interactions are:
% \begin{description}
% \item[\normalfont\textsf{setspace}] The \textsf{setspace} package
%   modifies the line spacing is calculated in footnotes.
%   \textsf{Footmisc} knows about this, and preserves the change.
%   However, you \emph{must} load \textsf{setspace} \emph{before}
%   \textsf{footmisc}.
% \item[\normalfont\textsf{hyperref}] The \textsf{hyperref} package
%   has ambitions to make hyperlinks from footnote marks to the
%   corresponding footnote body; naturally this causes grief to
%   \textsf{footmisc}, and unfortunately no remedy is currently
%   known.  If you use \textsf{footmisc}, suppress hyperref's
%   hyper-footnotes, by loading it as:\\
%   \quad\verb|\usepackage[hyperfootnotes=false,...]{hyperref}|\\
%   Further work on the interaction between the two packages is
%   proposed, but not yet scheduled.
% \item[\normalfont\textsf{manyfoot}] The \textsf{manyfoot} package
%   permits several independent sequences of footnotes.  Some
%   preliminary work towards interworking with \textsf{footmisc} has
%   been completed, but more remains to be done at the time of
%   writing.
% \end{description}
%
% \StopEventually{}
%
% \section{Code: Preliminaries}
%
% Well~--- here we go: let's make the package file:
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*package>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Now declare what environment we need:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1994/12/01]
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% We need a token register in case we have to patch \cs{@makecol}:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newtoks\FN@temptoken
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}{\protected@writeaux}
% This command is defined for future compatibility with Matt Swift's
% \textsf{newclude} package (still, after all this time, not out of
% beta status).
%    \begin{macrocode}
\providecommand\protected@writeaux{%
  \protected@write\@auxout
}%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\l@advance@macro}
% \begin{macro}{@@dvance@macro}
% \begin{macro}{\@advance@macro}
% We make the following (\cs{@@dvance@macro}) generalisable as follows
% (the global form isn't used in this package \dots\ yet):
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\l@advance@macro{\@@dvance@macro\edef}
\def\@@dvance@macro#1#2#3{\expandafter\@tempcnta#2\relax
  \advance\@tempcnta#3\relax
  #1#2{\the\@tempcnta}%
}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Now we define a jolly little macro to advance a macro count (|#1|)
% by a given amount (|#2|).
%    \begin{macrocode}
\let\@advance@macro\l@advance@macro
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\footnotemargin}
% Finally, we define the length used by the \texttt{marginal} option,
% and initialise it as if we've not had the option.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newdimen\footnotemargin
\footnotemargin1.8em\relax
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \section{Package options}
%
% Most of the code of the package is contained within the option
% processing, one way or another (that which isn't, is executed after
% \cs{ProcessOptions} as a result of flags set in the option
% processing).
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{symbol} option}
%
% This is a declaration that appears in the original \LaTeX{} book.
% Since it appeared in the old |pagefoots.sty| (presumably since it
% goes so naturally with the |perpage| option), I've added this
% trivial piece of customisation to the package.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{symbol}{\renewcommand\thefootnote{\fnsymbol{footnote}}}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{symbol*} option}
%
% \begin{macro}{\@diagnose@fnsymbol@orange}
% \begin{macro}{\@fnsymbol@orange}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@maxsymbol}
% The robust version of the \texttt{symbol} option: if the current
% `symbol' option doesn't provide enough variants, use arabic footnote
% number.  We set the maximum to 10, for the benefit of Lamport's
% traditional \cs{fnsymbol} command; the \cs{setfnsymbol} commant may
% change that.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{symbol*}{\renewcommand\thefootnote{%
    \ifnum\c@footnote<\FN@maxsymbol\relax
      \fnsymbol{footnote}%
    \else
      \arabic{footnote}%
      \PackageInfo{footmisc}{Footnote number \the\c@footnote\space
        out of range}%
      \protect\@fnsymbol@orange
    \fi
  }
  \global\let\@diagnose@fnsymbol@orange\relax
  \AtEndDocument{\@diagnose@fnsymbol@orange}
  \def\@fnsymbol@orange{\gdef\@diagnose@fnsymbol@orange{%
    \PackageWarningNoLine{footmisc}{Some footnote number(s)
      were out of range
      \MessageBreak
      see log for details}%
    }%
  }
}
\def\FN@maxsymbol{10}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{para} option}
%
% The basis of the code for this option comes from \TeX{}book, p.398
% ff.~(``Dirty Tricks''), though it does (of course) avoid
% redefining |\\| which has some other (somewhat significant) uses in
% \LaTeX{}!  The user should be aware of
% Knuth's note on the limitations of this method of doing the job: the
% \TeX{} stack is used four times per footnote, and the stack is
% limited (see the \TeX{}book, p.300 ff.).  If you have very large
% numbers of footnotes (in the hundreds), and encounter the error
% ``|! TeX capacity exceeded, sorry (... save size ...)|'', you may
% need to break your text into smaller sections and compile the
% separately.  Fortunately (say the comments on the original
% |fnpara.sty|) this is very easy to do with \LaTeX{}, provided that
% you reset the footnote counter to make the joins seamless.
%
% \begin{macro}{\ifFN@para}
% Define the |para| option: now simply sets a marker for use later
% when defining the option's auxiliary code and when patching the
% output routine and so on.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifFN@para  \FN@parafalse
\DeclareOption{para}{\ifFN@sidefn
    \PackageError{footmisc}{Option "\CurrentOption" incompatible with
      option "side"}%
      {I shall ignore "\CurrentOption"}%
  \else
    \FN@paratrue
  \fi
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{side} option}
%
% \begin{macro}{\ifFN@sidefn}
% Simply changes the behaviour of \cs{@footnotetext}; incompatible
% with paragraph footnotes.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifFN@sidefn  \FN@sidefnfalse
\DeclareOption{side}{\ifFN@para
    \PackageError{footmisc}{Option "\CurrentOption" incompatible with
      option "para"}%
      {I shall ignore "\CurrentOption"}%
  \else
    \FN@sidefntrue
  \fi
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{ragged} option}
%
% \begin{macro}{\footnotelayout}
% A very simple option that merely changes the definition of one
% macro.  Note detection of the presence of the \textsf{ragged2e}
% package.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\let\footnotelayout\relax
\DeclareOption{ragged}{%
  \@ifundefined{RaggedRight}%
    {\let\footnotelayout\raggedright}%
    {\let\footnotelayout\RaggedRight}%
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{perpage} option}
%
% \begin{macro}{\ifFN@perpage}
% A footnote-numbering modification: a new algorithm replacing one
% from Brian T. Schellenberger, which has proved to be flawed.  We
% simply set a marker here, and define code later depending on the
% state of the marker (see section \ref{sec:perpage-code}).
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifFN@perpage
\FN@perpagefalse
\DeclareOption{perpage}{%
  \FN@perpagetrue
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{PPdebug} option}
%
% \begin{macro}{\ifFN@pp@debug}
% Sets a flag; the messages are generated in various places throughout
% the code.  The option is not available in the package as
% distributed: modify the |.ins| file to generate a version of the
% package that includes the option, if you feel you need it.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*PPdebug>
\newif\ifFN@pp@debug    \FN@pp@debugfalse
\DeclareOption{PPdebug}{\FN@pp@debugtrue}
%</PPdebug>
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{bottom} option}
%
% \begin{macro}{\ifFN@bottom}
% All this needs to do is to set a flag to say that it should happen
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifFN@bottom  \FN@bottomfalse
\DeclareOption{bottom}{%
  \FN@bottomtrue
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{marginal} option}
%
% Again, the processing of the option is pretty trivial:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{marginal}{%
  \footnotemargin-0.8em\relax
}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{flushmargin} option}
%
% Again, the processing of the option is pretty trivial:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{flushmargin}{%
  \footnotemargin0pt\relax
}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{hang} option}
%
% \begin{macro}{\ifFN@hangfoot}
% We need a switch, since \cs{@makefntext} needs to be patched.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifFN@hangfoot  \FN@hangfootfalse
\DeclareOption{hang}{%
  \FN@hangfoottrue
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{norule} option}
%
% Pretty simple too\dots
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{norule}{%
  \renewcommand\footnoterule{}%
  \advance\skip\footins 4\p@\@plus2\p@\relax
}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{splitrule} option}
%
% \begin{macro}{\split@prev}
% This is from a posting by Donald Arseneau dated 13 November 1996.
% The code relies on the fact that \LaTeX{} only uses inserts for
% footnotes, so that if any insert is going to be split, it's going to
% be a footnote.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{splitrule}{%
  \gdef\split@prev{0}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\pagefootnoterule}
% \begin{macro}{\mpfootnoterule}
% \begin{macro}{\splitfootnoterule}
% Define defaults for the three footnote rules: note, we inherit the
% current state of \cs{footnoterule} for the two `regular' footnote
% defaults, and if we've been preceded by option \texttt{norule}, they
% will both become null\dots
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \let\pagefootnoterule\footnoterule
  \let\mpfootnoterule\footnoterule
  \def\splitfootnoterule{\kern-3\p@ \hrule \kern2.6\p@}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% Now redefine \cs{footnoterule} to distinguish the three situations.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \def\footnoterule{\relax
    \ifx \@listdepth\@mplistdepth
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% In a minipage
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \mpfootnoterule 
    \else
      \ifnum\split@prev=\z@
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Normal footnote on a regular page
%    \begin{macrocode}
        \pagefootnoterule
      \else
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Second part of a split footnote 
%    \begin{macrocode}
        \splitfootnoterule
      \fi 
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Remember a split for next page
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \xdef\split@prev{\the\insertpenalties}%
    \fi
  }%
}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}{\ifFN@stablefootnote}
% \subsection{The \texttt{stable} option}
%
% Simply set a flag: the code of this gets executed at the very end of
% the package.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifFN@stablefootnote  \FN@stablefootnotefalse
\DeclareOption{stable}{\FN@stablefootnotetrue}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{multiple} option}
%
% \begin{macro}{\ifFN@multiplefootnote}
% Again, simply set a flag, for code that gets executed at the very
% very very end of the package.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifFN@multiplefootnote  \FN@multiplefootnotefalse
\DeclareOption{multiple}{\FN@multiplefootnotetrue}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{The start of the endgame}
%
% Exercise the options that the user has requested\dots
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ProcessOptions
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \section{Hacking kernel commands}
%
% Various standard commands (some of them internal ones) need to be
% hacked to achieve our effects, and we do all of this now, according
% to flags set in option processing.
%
% \subsection{The output routine}
%
% Now; do we need to mess about with the output routine?  If either
% |para| or |bottom| has been invoked, we do.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\let  \if@tempswa  \ifFN@bottom
\ifFN@para    \@tempswatrue \fi
\if@tempswa
%    \end{macrocode}
% \dots{} so we've patching to do.
%
% First, we ensure that \cs{@makecol} is as expected from the time at
% which these macros were written: since we're going to patch it, we
% had better be sure that we're patching the right thing.  (There was
% a minuscule change to the definition 1999, but this doesn't as far
% as I can tell make any difference to the semantics of the definition
% we base our patch on.)
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \@ifl@t@r\fmtversion{1999/12/01}{%
    \CheckCommand*\@makecol{\ifvoid \footins
        \setbox\@outputbox \box\@cclv
      \else
        \setbox\@outputbox \vbox{%
          \boxmaxdepth\@maxdepth
          \@tempdima\dp\@cclv
          \unvbox\@cclv
          \vskip \skip\footins
          \color@begingroup
            \normalcolor\footnoterule
            \unvbox\footins
          \color@endgroup
        }%
      \fi
      \xdef\@freelist{\@freelist\@midlist}%
      \global\let\@midlist\@empty
      \@combinefloats
      \ifvbox\@kludgeins
        \@makespecialcolbox
      \else
        \setbox\@outputbox \vbox to\@colht{%
          \@texttop \dimen@\dp\@outputbox
          \unvbox\@outputbox
          \vskip -\dimen@\@textbottom
        }%
      \fi
      \global\maxdepth\@maxdepth
    }
  }{%
    \CheckCommand*\@makecol{\ifvoid \footins
        \setbox\@outputbox \box\@cclv
      \else
        \setbox\@outputbox \vbox{%
          \boxmaxdepth\@maxdepth
          \unvbox\@cclv
          \vskip \skip\footins
          \color@begingroup
            \normalcolor\footnoterule
            \unvbox\footins
          \color@endgroup
        }%
      \fi
      \xdef\@freelist{\@freelist\@midlist}%
      \global\let\@midlist\@empty
      \@combinefloats
      \ifvbox\@kludgeins
        \@makespecialcolbox
      \else
        \setbox\@outputbox \vbox to\@colht{%
          \@texttop \dimen@\dp\@outputbox
          \unvbox\@outputbox
          \vskip -\dimen@\@textbottom
        }%
      \fi
      \global\maxdepth\@maxdepth
    }
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% If we're doing paragraph footnotes, the output routine needs
% different code to place the actual text.  We prepare this code here,
% since it's potentially used in two different places.
%
% We prepare the code in a token register to be used at the
% appropriate place in the patching of \cs{@makecol}; thus it becomes
% a token register containing code to place stuff in a token register
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \ifFN@para
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% We make a box out of the paragraph of footnotes, and then stuff the
% contents of the box into that which is going to be \cs{ship}ped
% |out|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
    \FN@temptoken{%
      \toks@\expandafter{\the\toks@
        \vskip\skip\footins
        \color@begingroup
          \normalcolor\footnoterule
          \global\setbox\FN@tempboxc\vbox{\makefootnoteparagraph}%
          \unvbox\FN@tempboxc
        \color@endgroup
      }%
    }%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% If we're not doing paragraph footnotes, we insert the little bit of
% code that would have been replaced by the stuff above:
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \else
    \FN@temptoken{%
      \toks@\expandafter{\the\toks@
        \vskip\skip\footins
        \color@begingroup
          \normalcolor\footnoterule
          \unvbox\footins
        \color@endgroup
      }%
    }%
  \fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Now we start building up the revised version of \cs{@makecol}.  The
% definition starts out in \cs{toks@}; first the \textsf{bottom} version:
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \ifFN@bottom
    \toks@{\setbox\@outputbox \box\@cclv
      \xdef\@freelist{\@freelist\@midlist}%
      \global\let\@midlist\@empty
      \@combinefloats
      \ifvoid\footins
      \else
        \setbox\@outputbox \vbox\bgroup
          \boxmaxdepth\@maxdepth
          \unvbox\@outputbox
          \vfill\relax
    }
    \the\FN@temptoken
    \toks@\expandafter{\the\toks@\egroup\fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Not putting stuff at the bottom: footnotes are placed using the
% kernel's algorithm.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \else
    \toks@{\ifvoid\footins
        \setbox\@outputbox\box\@cclv
      \else
        \setbox\@outputbox \vbox\bgroup
        \boxmaxdepth\@maxdepth
        \unvbox\@cclv
    }
    \the\FN@temptoken
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Finally, close the \cs{setbox} and the \cs{ifvoid} and tag the parts
% of the definition  of \cs{@makecol} up to the end of the definition
% of the \textsf{bottom} version on to \cs{toks@}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
    \toks@\expandafter{\the\toks@
      \egroup
      \fi
      \xdef\@freelist{\@freelist\@midlist}%
      \global\let\@midlist\@empty
      \@combinefloats
    }%
  \fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Finally, create the new definition from the resulting object with
% the remainder of the original \cs{@makecol} tagged on at the end.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \toks@\expandafter{\the\toks@  
    \ifvbox\@kludgeins
      \@makespecialcolbox
    \else
      \setbox\@outputbox \vbox to\@colht{%
        \@texttop \dimen@\dp\@outputbox
        \unvbox\@outputbox
        \vskip -\dimen@\@textbottom
      }%
    \fi
    \global\maxdepth\@maxdepth
  }
  \edef\@makecol{\the\toks@}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% All of the above occurred conditionally on the `or' of
% \cs{ifFN@para} and \cs{ifFN@bottom}, so we now close the
% conditional.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%
% \subsection{The requirements of \cs{@footnotetext}}
%
% \begin{macro}{\ifFN@setspace}
% Whatever we do, we are going to patch \cs{@footnotetext}; so first
% of all, we'll check it's not been hacked by anyone other than
% \texttt{setspace.sty} (while we're at it we also record whether
% \texttt{setspace} is loaded).
% so we do this here:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifFN@setspace
\@ifpackageloaded{setspace}{%
  \FN@setspacetrue
  \CheckCommand\@footnotetext[1]{%
    \insert\footins{%
      \def\baselinestretch {\setspace@singlespace}%
      \reset@font\footnotesize
      \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
      \splittopskip\footnotesep
      \splitmaxdepth \dp\strutbox
      \floatingpenalty\@MM 
      \hsize\columnwidth
      \@parboxrestore
      \protected@edef\@currentlabel{%
        \csname p@footnote\endcsname\@thefnmark
      }%
      \color@begingroup
        \@makefntext{\rule\z@\footnotesep
          \ignorespaces#1\@finalstrut\strutbox
        }%
      \color@endgroup
    }%
  }%
}{%
  \FN@setspacefalse
  \@ifl@t@r\fmtversion{1997/12/01}{%
    \CheckCommand\@footnotetext[1]{%
      \insert\footins{%
        \reset@font\footnotesize
        \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
        \splittopskip\footnotesep
        \splitmaxdepth \dp\strutbox
        \floatingpenalty\@MM 
        \hsize\columnwidth
        \@parboxrestore
        \protected@edef\@currentlabel{%
          \csname p@footnote\endcsname\@thefnmark
        }%
        \color@begingroup
        \@makefntext{\rule\z@\footnotesep
          \ignorespaces#1\@finalstrut\strutbox
        }%
        \color@endgroup
      }%
    }%
  }{%
    \CheckCommand\@footnotetext[1]{%
      \insert\footins{%
        \reset@font\footnotesize
        \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
        \splittopskip\footnotesep
        \splitmaxdepth \dp\strutbox
        \floatingpenalty\@MM 
        \hsize\columnwidth
        \@parboxrestore
        \protected@edef\@currentlabel
        {\csname p@footnote\endcsname\@thefnmark}%
        \color@begingroup
          \@makefntext{\rule\z@\footnotesep
            \ignorespaces#1\@finalstrut\strutbox
          }
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \noindent (The 1997/06/01 \LaTeX{} source really doesn't have a
% comment mark after that closing brace.)
%    \begin{macrocode}
        \color@endgroup
      }%
    }%
  }%
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% There's substantial patching to be done if we're doing paragraph
% footnotes:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ifFN@para
  \renewcommand\@footnotetext[1]{%
    \insert\footins{%
%    \end{macrocode}
% insert compatibility code with |setspace.sty| if necessary
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \ifFN@setspace
        \def\baselinestretch {\setspace@singlespace}%
      \fi
      \reset@font\footnotesize
      \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
      \splittopskip\footnotesep
      \splitmaxdepth \dp\strutbox
      \floatingpenalty\@MM 
      \hsize\columnwidth
      \@parboxrestore
      \protected@edef\@currentlabel{\csname p@footnote\endcsname\@thefnmark}%
      \color@begingroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% We set the paragraph in an \cs{hbox} and apply the fudge factor
% here:
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
        \setbox\FN@tempboxa=\hbox{%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% This needs a parameter; the rule should be moved to the beginning of
% the footnote paragraph, but the \cs{ignorespaces} should be left
% here.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
          \@makefntext{\ignorespaces#1\strut
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% We insert a penalty here to help line breaking in the
% footnote paragraph; the value is taken from the \TeX{}book.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
            \penalty-10\relax
            \hskip\footglue
          }% end of \@makefntext parameter
        }% end of \hbox
        \dp\FN@tempboxa=0pt\ht\FN@tempboxa=\fudgefactor\wd\FN@tempboxa
        \box\FN@tempboxa
      \color@endgroup
    }%
    \FN@mf@prepare
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% If we're not doing paragraph footnotes, we now simply tag a
% \cs{FN@mf@prepare} command on the end of the definition; of course,
% there are different definitions according as whether we're using
% |side| footnotes\dots
%    \begin{macrocode}
\else
  \ifFN@sidefn
    \renewcommand\@footnotetext[1]{%
      \marginpar{%
%    \end{macrocode}
% insert compatibility code with |setspace.sty| if necessary
%    \begin{macrocode}
        \ifFN@setspace
          \def\baselinestretch {\setspace@singlespace}%
        \fi
        \reset@font\footnotesize
        \protected@edef\@currentlabel{%
          \csname p@footnote\endcsname\@thefnmark
        }%
        \color@begingroup
          \@makefntext{%
            \ignorespaces
            \footnotelayout#1%
          }%
        \color@endgroup
      }%
      \FN@mf@prepare
    }%
  \else
    \renewcommand\@footnotetext[1]{%
      \insert\footins{%
%    \end{macrocode}
% insert compatibility code with |setspace.sty| if necessary
%    \begin{macrocode}
        \ifFN@setspace
          \def\baselinestretch {\setspace@singlespace}%
        \fi
        \reset@font\footnotesize
        \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
        \splittopskip\footnotesep
        \splitmaxdepth \dp\strutbox
        \floatingpenalty\@MM 
        \hsize\columnwidth
        \@parboxrestore
        \protected@edef\@currentlabel{%
          \csname p@footnote\endcsname\@thefnmark
        }%
        \color@begingroup
          \@makefntext{%
            \rule\z@\footnotesep
            \ignorespaces#1\@finalstrut\strutbox
          }%
        \color@endgroup
      }%
      \FN@mf@prepare
    }%
  \fi
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%
% \subsection{Support code for paragraph footnotes}
%
% This code used (most inefficiently) to be in the argument of the
% \cs{DeclareOption}; this no doubt comes of that code having been
% written over Christmas 1993\dots
%
% Now all executed under the |para| conditional set in the option
% declaration.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ifFN@para
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}{\FN@tempboxa}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@tempboxb}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@tempboxb}
% We need some temporary boxes, and \LaTeX{} only defines one
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \let\FN@tempboxa\@tempboxa
  \newbox\FN@tempboxb
  \newbox\FN@tempboxc
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\footglue}
% A direct crib from the \TeX{}book:
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \newskip\footglue \footglue=1em plus.3em minus.3em
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\@makefntext}
% The standard classes set the footnote mark flush with the text of
% the footnote, but that's not appropriate for paragraph footnotes, we
% find.
%
% There's not much point in patching this code from the original,
% since the only things it has in common with the original are the
% footnote mark and the footnote text (which last is the argument).
% Note that the \cs{leavevmode} isn't necessary except in the case of
% footnotes in minipages, which otherwise end up with the
% \cs{@makefnmark} being executed in restricted vertical mode, which
% results in its \cs{hbox} ending up in a line of its own.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \long\def\@makefntext#1{\leavevmode
    \@makefnmark\nobreak
    \hskip.5em\relax#1%
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% \begin{macro}{\footnotebaselineskip}
% We need to record a value for the baseline skip when in footnotes:
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \newdimen\footnotebaselineskip
  {%
    \footnotesize
    \global
      \footnotebaselineskip=\normalbaselineskip
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\fudgefactor}
% Now we derive a fudge factor from the baselineskip we've just
% established:
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \@tempdima=\footnotebaselineskip \multiply\@tempdima by 1024
  \divide \@tempdima by \columnwidth \multiply\@tempdima by 64
  \xdef\fudgefactor{\strip@pt\@tempdima }%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\makefootnoteparagraph}
% For use in the output routine
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \long\def\makefootnoteparagraph{\unvbox\footins \makehboxofhboxes
    \setbox\FN@tempboxa=\hbox{\unhbox\FN@tempboxa \removehboxes}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Now we are ready to set the paragraph:
%    \begin{macrocode}
    \hsize\columnwidth
    \@parboxrestore
    \baselineskip=\footnotebaselineskip
    \noindent
    \rule{\z@}{\footnotesep}%
    \unhbox\FN@tempboxa\par
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\makehboxofhboxes}
% \begin{macro}{\removehboxes}
% Support code for \cs{makefootnoteparagraph}
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \def\makehboxofhboxes{\setbox\FN@tempboxa=\hbox{}%
    \loop
      \setbox\FN@tempboxb=\lastbox
      \ifhbox\FN@tempboxb
      \setbox\FN@tempboxa=\hbox{\box\FN@tempboxb\unhbox\FN@tempboxa}%
    \repeat
  }
  \def\removehboxes{\setbox\FN@tempboxa=\lastbox
    \ifhbox
      \FN@tempboxa{\removehboxes}%
      \unhbox\FN@tempboxa
    \fi
  }
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
%
% \subsection{The other footnote commands}\label{sec:perpage-code}
%
% \begin{macro}{\ifFN@pp@footnotehint}
% A conditional needed by the perpage code: must be defined outside
% the \textsl{perpage} conditional
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifFN@pp@footnotehint
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\ifFN@pp@towrite}
% A conditional that mediates the interaction between the
% \texttt{perpage} option and the \texttt{multiple} option.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifFN@pp@towrite
\FN@pp@towritefalse
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\ifFN@pp@lastseq}
% We prevent endless processions of diagnostics `footnote sequence
% lost' by using this conditional (again, needs to be defined outside
% the \textsl{perpage} conditional:
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*PPdebug>
\newif\ifFN@pp@lastseq
\global\FN@pp@lastseqfalse
%</PPdebug>
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% Now, do we need to patch \cs{footnote} for per-page footnotes?
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ifFN@perpage
  \CheckCommand*\footnote{\@ifnextchar [%]
    \@xfootnote
    {%
      \stepcounter\@mpfn \protected@xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfn}%
      \@footnotemark \@footnotetext
    }%
  }
  \renewcommand*\footnote{\@ifnextchar [%]
    \@xfootnote
    {%
      \stepcounter\@mpfn \protected@xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfn}%
      \FN@pp@footnote\@footnotemark
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% In case that we're \emph{not} running \texttt{multiple} option,
% \cs{@footnotemark} \emph{won't} have written details to the |.aux|
% file, so do it now:
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \ifFN@pp@towrite
        \FN@pp@writetemp
        \FN@pp@towritefalse
      \fi
      \@footnotetext
    }%
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% And the analagous change for \cs{footnotemark}
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \CheckCommand*\footnotemark{%
    \@ifnextchar [%]
    \@xfootnotemark
    {%
      \stepcounter{footnote}%
      \protected@xdef\@thefnmark{\thefootnote}%
      \@footnotemark
    }%
  }
  \renewcommand*\footnotemark{%
    \@ifnextchar [%]
    \@xfootnotemark
    {%
      \stepcounter{footnote}%
      \protected@xdef\@thefnmark{\thefootnote}%
      \FN@pp@footnote\@footnotemark
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% again, tidy up if we're not doing \texttt{multiple} option
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \ifFN@pp@towrite
        \FN@pp@writetemp
        \FN@pp@towritefalse
      \fi
    }%
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}{\FN@pp@initialstab}
% Now the supporting commands\dots
%
% if we encounter no information in the |.aux| file, we make a first
% stab resetting footnote on the page number counter
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \gdef\FN@pp@initial@stab{\@addtoreset{footnote}{page}}
  \AtBeginDocument{\FN@pp@initial@stab}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% We use a counter to keep pace with the footnotes: this counter is
% used in the data that's written to the |.aux| file, and matched to
% create the correct footnote numbers on the second and subsequent
% passes.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \newcounter{@fnserial}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}{\FN@pp@cpage}
% The package requires a ``knowledge'' of the current page number.
% It's kept in \cs{FN@pp@cpage}
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \def\FN@pp@cpage{0}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\footnotehint}
% However, the progress of page numbers isn't predictable, so we have
% a flag saying `reset footnote number'.  The flag is for indirect use
% by people who diddle with the page number, via the \cs{footnotehint}
% command, as well as various places where we \emph{know} there could
% be a discontinuity.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \FN@pp@footnotehinttrue
  \newcommand{\footnotehint}{%
    \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
    \protected@writeaux\relax{\protect\FN@pp@footnotehinttrue}%
    \@tempcnta\c@@fnserial
    \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
    \xdef\FN@pp@next@reset{\the\@tempcnta}%
  }
  \AtBeginDocument{\protected@writeaux\relax{%
      \protect\providecommand{\protect\FN@pp@footnotehinttrue}{}%
    }%
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\FN@pp@lastfoot}
% Dummy value for the number of the last footnote we came across.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\FN@pp@lastfoot{-1}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\FN@pp@footnote@aux}
% The command \cs{FN@pp@footnote@aux} is written to the |.aux| file
% for every footnote counter allocated (other than in minipages):\\
% |#1| is the footnote serial number\\
% |#2| is the page the footnote was actually written on
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \newcommand{\FN@pp@footnote@aux}[2]{%
    \ifnum\FN@pp@lastfoot<#1
      \ifFN@pp@footnotehint
        \FN@pp@resetfn{#1}{#2}%
        \FN@pp@footnotehintfalse
      \else
        \gdef\@tempa{#2}%
        \ifx\@tempa\FN@pp@cpage
        \else
          \FN@pp@resetfn{#1}{#2}%
        \fi
      \fi
      \def\FN@pp@lastfoot{#1}%
%<*PPdebug>
    \else
      \ifFN@pp@debug
        \typeout{not considering footnote serial number #1
          (last valid was \FN@pp@lastfoot)}%
      \fi
%</PPdebug>
    \fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Since we've now had at least one item of footnote information from
% a |.aux| file, we can't allow footnote resetting per page.
%    \begin{macrocode}
    \global\let\FN@pp@initial@stab\relax
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\FN@pp@resetfn}
% Set the flag to reset the footnote number; this constructs a chain
% through the footnote serial numbers at the start of each page
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \newcommand{\FN@pp@resetfn}[2]{%
    \gdef\FN@pp@cpage{#2}%
    \expandafter\gdef
      \csname FN@pp@next-\FN@pp@prev@foot\endcsname{#1}%
    \def\FN@pp@prev@foot{#1}%
    \expandafter\xdef
      \csname FN@pp@next-\FN@pp@prev@foot\endcsname{\the\@MM}%
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\FN@pp@prev@foot}
% The base of the footnote serial number chain (this element is never
% looked at: footnote serial 1 must always have number 1)
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \newcommand{\FN@pp@prev@foot}{root}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% again, avoid confusion; also establish \cs{FN@pp@footnote@aux} in the
% |.aux| file
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \AtBeginDocument{\protected@writeaux\relax{%
      \protect\providecommand{\protect\FN@pp@footnote@aux}[2]{}}%
    \newcommand{\FN@pp@next@reset}{1}%
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% At end document, establish a new \cs{FN@pp@footnote@aux} which 
% checks whether numbers have changed during the scan of the |.aux|
% files for changed labels and the like
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \AtEndDocument{\let\FN@pp@footnote@aux\FN@pp@footnote@endaux
    \def\FN@pp@lastfoot{-1}%
    \FN@pp@footnotehintfalse
    \renewcommand{\FN@pp@prev@foot}{root}
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}{\FN@pp@footnote@endaux}
% The footnote analysis command for end document
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \newcommand{\FN@pp@footnote@endaux}[2]{%
    \ifnum\FN@pp@lastfoot<#1
      \ifFN@pp@footnotehint
        \FN@pp@resetfn@end{#1}{#2}%
        \FN@pp@footnotehintfalse
      \else
        \gdef\@tempa{#2}%
        \ifx\@tempa\FN@pp@cpage
        \else
          \FN@pp@resetfn@end{#1}{#2}%
        \fi
      \fi
      \def\FN@pp@lastfoot{#1}%
%<*PPdebug>
    \else
      \ifFN@pp@debug
        \typeout{not considering footnote serial number #1
          (last valid was \FN@pp@lastfoot)}%
      \fi
%</PPdebug>
    \fi
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\FN@pp@resetfn@end}
% Deal with the \verb'.aux' file footnote details, at end document
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \newcommand{\FN@pp@resetfn@end}[2]{%
    \def\@tempa{#1}%
    \expandafter\ifx\csname FN@pp@next-\FN@pp@prev@foot\endcsname\@tempa%
    \else
      \@tempswatrue
%<*PPdebug>
      \ifFN@pp@debug
        \expandafter\ifx\csname FN@pp@next-\FN@pp@prev@foot\endcsname\relax
          \ifFN@pp@lastseq\else
            \typeout{footnote sequence lost between pages
              \FN@pp@cpage\space and #2}%
            \global\FN@pp@lastseqtrue
          \fi
        \else
          \typeout{footnotes changed between pages \FN@pp@cpage\space and #2:
            next was \csname FN@pp@next-\FN@pp@prev@foot\endcsname, now #1}%
          \global\FN@pp@lastseqfalse
        \fi
      \fi
%</PPdebug>
    \fi
    \gdef\FN@pp@prev@foot{#1}%
    \gdef\FN@pp@cpage{#2}%
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\clearpage}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@pp@@clearpage}
% Now, how do we cope with \cs{include}d documents?  We can't insert
% anything (the |includex| package offers \cs{AtBeginIncludedDocument}
% but there's no corresponding command for files included by the
% kernel \cs{include}.  So we insert a footnote hint at every
% \cs{clearpage}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\let\FN@pp@@clearpage\clearpage
\renewcommand{\clearpage}{\footnotehint\FN@pp@@clearpage}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\FN@pp@footnote}
% The business end of the option: a macro to decide on footnote
% numbers, called from \cs{footnote} and \cs{footnotemark} (see
% above).
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\FN@pp@footnote{%
  \if@minipage\else
    \global\advance\c@@fnserial\@ne
    \if@filesw
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% In case we're also doing \texttt{multiple} option, we now save up
% the command to write to the |.aux| file, and mark we've done so
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \xdef\FN@pp@writetemp{%
        \noexpand\protected@writeaux\relax{%
          \string\FN@pp@footnote@aux
            {\the\c@@fnserial}{\noexpand\thepage}%
        }%
      }%
      \FN@pp@towritetrue
    \fi
    \expandafter\ifnum\FN@pp@next@reset>\c@@fnserial
    \else
      \global\expandafter\csname c@\@mpfn\endcsname\@ne
      \protected@xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfn}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Now look at the next element in the chain:
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempa
        \csname FN@pp@next-\FN@pp@next@reset\endcsname
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% If the chain is broken here, set the next reset point to something
% (one hopes) infeasibly large\dots{} a weak point?
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \ifx\@tempa\relax
        \xdef\FN@pp@next@reset{\the\@MM}%
      \else
        \xdef\FN@pp@next@reset{\@tempa}%
      \fi
    \fi
  \fi
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% End of code loaded when \texttt{perpage} option is given
%    \begin{macrocode}
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Finally, if we're not doing paragraph footnotes, we redefine
% \cs{@makefntext} to take account of the value of
% \cs{footnotemargin}, to impose \cs{footnotelayout}, and to make the
% footnote body text hang, if appropriate.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ifFN@para
\else
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% hanging footnote version:
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \long\def\@makefntext#1{%
    \ifFN@hangfoot
      \@hangfrom{%
        \ifdim\footnotemargin>0pt
          \hb@xt@\footnotemargin{\@makefnmark\hss}%
        \else
          \@makefnmark
        \fi
      }%
    \else
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% ordinary (non-hanging) footnote version:
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \parindent1em
      \noindent
      \ifdim\footnotemargin>0pt
        \hb@xt@ \footnotemargin{\hss\@makefnmark}%
      \else
        \ifdim\footnotemargin=0pt
          \llap{\textsuperscript{\@thefnmark}}%
        \else
          \llap{\hb@xt@ -\footnotemargin{\textsuperscript{\@thefnmark}\hss}}%
        \fi
      \fi
    \fi
    \footnotelayout#1%
  }
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \section{Remaining requirements}
%
% We have to insert the code that executes the \texttt{stable} and
% \texttt{multiple} options.  Since \texttt{stable} may suppress the
% setting of a footnote altogether, we put the \texttt{multiple}
% option first, as otherwise we might get isolated superscripted
% commas that separate footnotes that have otherwise been suppressed.
%
% \subsection{The code that executes the \texttt{multiple} option}
%
% \begin{macro}{\multiplefootnotemarker}
% \begin{macro}{\multfootsep}
% \begin{macro}{\@footnotemark}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@mf@prepare}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@mf@check}
% This (revised) code derives from a suggestion by Alexander Rozhenko
% (the author of the \textit{manyfoot} package): the intention is that
% \textit{footmisc} and \textit{manyfoot} should be able to
% `interwork', in the sense that each would recognise the other's
% footnote marks and behave appropriately.  The trick is that
% both \cs{footnote}  and \cs{footnotemark} insert a marker (a
% cancelling pair of kerns of \cs{multiplefootnotemarker} (of opposite
% signs), which is detected in following \cs{footnote} or
% \cs{footnotemark} commands.  Note we have to take special
% precautions to ensure that the kerns are the last things added to
% the horizontal list by the commands.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ifFN@multiplefootnote
  \providecommand*{\multiplefootnotemarker}{3sp}
  \providecommand*{\multfootsep}{,}
  \CheckCommand*\@footnotemark{%
    \leavevmode
    \ifhmode\edef\@x@sf{\the\spacefactor}\nobreak\fi
    \@makefnmark
    \ifhmode\spacefactor\@x@sf\fi
    \relax
  }
  \renewcommand*\@footnotemark{%
    \leavevmode
    \ifhmode
      \edef\@x@sf{\the\spacefactor}%
      \FN@mf@check
      \nobreak
    \fi
    \@makefnmark
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% if we're also doing option \texttt{perpage}, write its stuff to the
% |.aux| file for it, so the \emph{wotsit} node doesn't interfere with
% our \cs{kern} detection.
%    \begin{macrocode}
    \ifFN@pp@towrite
      \FN@pp@writetemp
      \FN@pp@towritefalse
    \fi
    \FN@mf@prepare
    \ifhmode\spacefactor\@x@sf\fi
    \relax
  }
  \def\FN@mf@prepare{%
    \kern-\multiplefootnotemarker
    \kern\multiplefootnotemarker\relax
  }
  \def\FN@mf@check{%
    \ifdim\lastkern=\multiplefootnotemarker\relax
      \edef\@x@sf{\the\spacefactor}%
      \unkern
      \textsuperscript{\multfootsep}%
      \spacefactor\@x@sf\relax
    \fi
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% If we're not doing multiple, just create an empty \cs{FN@mf@prepare}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\else
  \let\FN@mf@prepare\relax
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{The code that executes the \texttt{stable} option}
%
% \begin{macro}{\ifFN@stablefootnote}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@sf@@footnote}
% The basic idea is to use the `original' code of \cs{footnote} (which
% this package may have hacked around something chronic) only if we're
% in typesetting mode (as determined by the state of the \cs{protect}
% command.  Otherwise, the command becomes an elaborate multistage
% `gobble'.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ifFN@stablefootnote
\let\FN@sf@@footnote\footnote
\def\footnote{\ifx\protect\@typeset@protect
    \expandafter\FN@sf@@footnote
  \else
    \expandafter\FN@sf@gobble@opt
  \fi
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\FN@sf@gobble@opt}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@sf@gobble@twobracket}
% Define \cs{FN@sf@gobble@opt} as a robust command that gobbles either
% an optional and a mandatory argument, or just a mandatory one.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\edef\FN@sf@gobble@opt{\noexpand\protect
  \expandafter\noexpand\csname FN@sf@gobble@opt \endcsname}
\expandafter\def\csname FN@sf@gobble@opt \endcsname{%
  \@ifnextchar[%]
    \FN@sf@gobble@twobracket
    \@gobble
}
\def\FN@sf@gobble@twobracket[#1]#2{}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\FN@sf@@footnotemark}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@sf@gobble@optonly}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@sf@gobble@bracket}
% Now the same for \cs{footnotemark}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\let\FN@sf@@footnotemark\footnotemark
\def\footnotemark{\ifx\protect\@typeset@protect
    \expandafter\FN@sf@@footnotemark
  \else
    \expandafter\FN@sf@gobble@optonly
  \fi
}
\edef\FN@sf@gobble@optonly{\noexpand\protect
  \expandafter\noexpand\csname FN@sf@gobble@optonly \endcsname}
\expandafter\def\csname FN@sf@gobble@optonly \endcsname{%
  \@ifnextchar[%]
    \FN@sf@gobble@bracket
    {}%
}
\def\FN@sf@gobble@bracket[#1]{}
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\setfnsymbol}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@fnsymbol@lamport}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@maxsymbol@lamport}
% \section{Symbol option variants}
%
% Lamport's choice of symbols for \cs{fnsymbol} wasn't entirely
% ``traditional'', so we (now) provide alternatives.  The
% \cs{setfnsymbol} command offers a small number of choices (perhaps
% there's a future in letting the user loose here \dots\ can't think
% of a syntax just now).
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand\setfnsymbol[1]{\@ifundefined{FN@fnsymbol@#1}%
  {%
    \PackageWarning{footmisc}{Symbol style "#1" not known}%
  }{%
    \expandafter\let\expandafter\@fnsymbol\csname
                        FN@fnsymbol@#1\endcsname
    \edef\FN@maxsymbol{\csname FN@maxsymbol@#1\endcsname}%
  }%
}
\let\FN@fnsymbol@lamport\fnsymbol
\def\FN@maxsymbol@lamport{10}
%</package>
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\DefineFNsymbols}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@build@symboldef}
% This macro allows the user to define a set of footnote symbols, to
% be used with the \cs{setfnsymbol} command.  First argument is the
% set name (the future argument of \cs{setfnsymbol}), the second is
% the list of tokens to used.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand{\DefineFNsymbols}[2]{%
  \expandafter\ifx\csname FN@fnsymbol@#1\endcsname\relax
    \toks@{}%
    \@tempcnta\z@
    \def\@tempb{\end}%
    \FN@build@symboldef#2\end
    \expandafter\edef\csname FN@fnsymbol@#1\endcsname##1{%
      \noexpand\ensuremath{%
        \noexpand\ifcase##1%
        \the\toks@
        \noexpand\else\noexpand\@arabic##1\noexpand\fi
      }%
    }%
    \expandafter\edef\csname FN@maxsymbol@#1\expandafter\endcsname
      {\the\@tempcnta}%
  \else
    \PackageWarning{footmisc}{symbol style #1 already defined}%
  \fi
}
\def\FN@build@symboldef#1{%
  \def\@tempa{#1}%
  \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
  \else
    \toks@\expandafter{\the\toks@\or#1}%
    \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
    \expandafter\FN@build@symboldef
  \fi
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% 
% \begin{macro}{\FN@fnsymbol@bringhurst}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@maxsymbol@bringhurst}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@fnsymbol@chicago}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@maxsymbol@chicago}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@fnsymbol@wiley}
% \begin{macro}{\FN@maxsymbol@wiley}
% These macros provide replacement orderings (and symbol sets) for
% footnote symbols.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DefineFNsymbols{bringhurst}{*\dagger\ddagger\S\|\P}%
\DefineFNsymbols{chicago}{*\dagger\ddagger\S\|\#}%
\DefineFNsymbols{wiley}{*{**}\dagger\ddagger\S\P\|}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \section{Other miscellaneous commands}
%
% \subsection{Footnote references}
%
% \begin{macro}{\footref}
% Syntax: \cs{footref}\marg{label-name}
%
% One often wishes to refer to a footnote; in some circumstances,
% \cs{footnotemark} just isn't good enough (for example, inside a
% |minipage|, when \cs{footnotemark} creates a reference to footnotes
% outside the minipage).
%
% \cs{footref} addresses this problem by making a label reference that
% actually looks like a \cs{footnotemark}.  (The command is available
% in the |memoir| class, and we therefore \cs{providecommand} it
% rather than defining it ``outright''.)
%    \begin{macrocode}
\providecommand*{\footref}[1]{%
  \begingroup
    \unrestored@protected@xdef\@thefnmark{\ref{#1}}%
  \endgroup
  \@footnotemark
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{Minipage \cs{footnotemark}s}
%
% \begin{macro}{\mpfootnotemark}
% Syntax: \cs{mpfootnotemark}\oarg{number}
%
% Here we define \cs{mpfootnotemark}, which has the same syntax as
% \cs{footnotemark}, and which applies the semantics of
% \cs{footnotemark} to the minipage footnote series.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand\mpfootnotemark{%
  \@ifnextchar[%
    \@xmpfootnotemark
    {%
      \stepcounter\@mpfn
      \protected@xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfn}%
      \@footnotemark
    }%
}
\def\@xmpfootnotemark[#1]{%
  \begingroup
    \csname c@\@mpfn\endcsname #1\relax
    \unrestored@protected@xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfn}%
  \endgroup
  \@footnotemark
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\endinput
%</package>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \Finale
%
%
%% \CharacterTable
%%  {Upper-case    \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
%%   Lower-case    \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
%%   Digits        \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
%%   Exclamation   \!     Double quote  \"     Hash (number) \#
%%   Dollar        \$     Percent       \%     Ampersand     \&
%%   Acute accent  \'     Left paren    \(     Right paren   \)
%%   Asterisk      \*     Plus          \+     Comma         \,
%%   Minus         \-     Point         \.     Solidus       \/
%%   Colon         \:     Semicolon     \;     Less than     \<
%%   Equals        \=     Greater than  \>     Question mark \?
%%   Commercial at \@     Left bracket  \[     Backslash     \\
%%   Right bracket \]     Circumflex    \^     Underscore    \_
%%   Grave accent  \`     Left brace    \{     Vertical bar  \|
%%   Right brace   \}     Tilde         \~}