I'm a postdoctoral fellow in law and philosophy at UCLA School of Law. Before coming here, I completed my PhD at MIT, and my BA and MPhil Stud. at King's College London.
I work at the intersection of moral theory, legal theory and metaphysics. Here is my CV. Email me at byrne@law.ucla.edu.
I consider cases where you increase the risk that, e.g., someone will die, without increasing the risk that you will kill them: in particular, cases in which that increasing of risk is accompanied by a decreasing of risk of the same degree such that the risk imposition has been offset. I defend the moral legitimacy of such offsetting, including carbon-offsetting. [Journal]
Building on ideas introduced in [2] and [3], I propose a new formalist account of legal (/proximate) causation—one that holds legal causation to be a matter of amoral, descriptive fact. The account starts with a metaphysical relation, akin to but distinct from common-sense causation, and it argues that legal causation aligns exactly with the relation; it is unified and principled. [Journal]
We can cause windows to break and we can break windows; we can cause villages to flood and we can flood villages; and we can cause chocolate to melt and we can melt chocolate. Each time these can come apart: if, for example, A merely instructs B to break the window, then A causes the window to break without breaking it herself. Each instance of A breaking, melting or burning, etc. something, is an instance of what I call making. I argue that making is an independent, theoretically important notion—akin but irreducible to causing—and metaphysicians should pay attention to it. [Journal]
The three central chapters have been superseded by the published [3], [4] and [5]. The remaining chapter, "The Bystander doesn't Kill," expands on an argument given in [3] for the conclusion that the bystander in Thomson's famous case doesn't kill the lone worker onto whom she diverts the runaway trolley.
Geach and Thomson argued that while many things might be good for or as a so-and-so—a good toaster, for instance—there is no sense to the idea of anything being plain good. And if there is no sense to the idea of anything being plain good, there can't be any sense to the idea of maximising (plain) goodness and so consequentialism is a nonsense. Almotahari and Hosein recently sought to plug a hole in Geach's and Thomson's argument. I show that their plug doesn't hold and that Geach's and Thomson's argument is invalid. [Journal]
I introduce the distinction between saving and letting live, and then I put it to work: trollies, aiding strangers, cluelessness and more. A companion project to [3] and [5].
William MacAskill tells us that future people count, but in what way do they count? I say that they count in just the same way that present people count and, as a result, that there is no route from their counting to any surprising claims about existential risk—contrary to how MacAskill would have it.