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for

The for statement has the general syntax

for ([init]; [test]; [inc]) statement

and performs the following steps:

If an initializing expression init is present, it is executed.
If a test expression is present, it is executed. If the result is nonzero (or if there is no test expression at all), the statement is executed.
If an inc expression is present, it is executed.
Finally control returns to step 2.

If there is no break or return inside the statement, the inc expression (or the statement) must affect the value of the test expression, or test itself must change during evaluation in order to avoid an endless loop.

The initializing expression init normally initializes one or more loop counters. It may also define a new variable as a loop counter. The scope of such a variable is valid until the end of the active block.

Example

string s = "Trust no one!";
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; s[i]; ++i)
    sum += s[i]; // sums up the characters in s

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