Timeline of Air Quality Regulations
1967
USA
Air Quality Act - the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare was authorized to
create "air quality regions". Individual states were told to create standards of
pollution control and enforce them within the regions.
+:-one of the first air quality regulations in US, sparked interest in
preserving air quality by law.
-:-assessing air quality by region does not work b/c pollution does not
remain in any specific region.
-between 1967 and 1970, not even 3 dozen "regions" were created, with
an excess of 100 expected.
-Industry and Congress did not believe pollution control was necessary
-No states created pollution control programs.
http://www.epa.gov/history/topics/caa70/11.htm
1970 (EPA created)
USA
Clean Air Act - rewrite of the Air Quality Act which ended in failure.
+:-realized some problems of AQA
-displayed continued concern about the condition of the environment.
-many more "air quality regions" were created than under the AQA.
-EPA required to publish air quality criteria for pollutants harmful to
health or welfare and to make public possible methods of controlling the
sources of these pollutants. Reports published: Sulfur Oxides, carbon
monoxide, hydrocarbons, photochemical oxidants, nitrogen oxides.
-creates first enforceable laws to lower air pollution. After a national
primary and secondary air quality standard is set, states containing
"air quality control regions" have three years to meet these standards.
Plans must be submitted 9 months after levels are set.
-:-still maintains a "regional" view on air quality.
-many extensions were granted to the 3 year standard enforcement.
http://www.epa.gov/history/topics/air/02.htm
1971
USA
Four Corners Air Quality boundaries set by EPA - under authority of the Clean Air Act,
parts of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah are made an "air quality control region".
http://www.epa.gov/history/topics/air/02.html
National Air Quality Standards set by EPA - Standards for 6 types of pollutants, including
sulfur oxides, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, photochemical oxidants, nitrogen
oxides and hydrocarbons.
http://www.epa.gov/history/topics/caa70/01.html
First state clean air plans approved by EPA -
Air Pollution danger levels defined by EPA -
1972
USA
Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act -
DDT banned by EPA -
1973
USA
Vehicle maintenance regulations set by EPA -
Transportation controls set in urban areas EPA -
EPA begins to phase out lead gas -
1974
USA
Environmental Education Project - EPA and General Mills
Pollution control benefits displayed by EPA
1975
USA
catalysts required on imported cars -
aid to polluting industry is cut by Fed. Gov't -
1976
USA
Toxic Substances Control Act - EPA
1977
USA
EPA promotes coal-fired power plant scrubbers -
Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 -
1978
USA
EPA+DOT work on transportation pollution -
Lead air standards set -
Aerosol fluorocarbons banned -
1979 (Love Canal)
USA
PCB manufacture is banned -
1980
USA (Three Mile Island)
Superfund created - Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
USA
New gasoline lead limits set -
Air toxics program expanded -
1986 (Chernobyl)
USA
Superfund amended -
1987
USA
Sanctions for air standards not met -
1988
International
Montreal Protocol -
1989
1990
USA
Clean Air Act Amended -
Pollution Prevention Act -
1991
1992
International
U.N. promotes sustainable development (Earth Summit) -
North America
NAFTA defines economic/environmental goals -
1993
USA
Sulfur dioxide trading rule -
Reduction of toxic emissions
Full elimination of CFC's -
1994
USA
Chemical industry air toxics reduction rule -
1995
USA (U.S. commits to remote-sensing to monitor environment)
Acid Rain emissions trading -
Refinery air toxin's rule -
1996
USA
Lead gasoline banned -
Project XL -
1997
1998
1999
USA
Cleaner cars and fuels standards - planned by EPA
Superfund Reform -
Clean Air Act - EPA shows that the positives of the Clean Air Act are greater than it's cost.
2000
USA
Cleaner diesel fuels -
2001