17 use for heating and cooling our building remained constant during the spring of 2020 even though out campus was largely deserted. Scenarios Scenario name Description Cost [$million] Risk [credits] Innovation [credits] Business as usual Implementation of advanced temperature controls in existing buildings is largely ad hoc and inconsistent. Varies, assume zero for model 0 0 Partial implementation By 2030, implementation of scheduled temperature setbacks and outside air supply rate reduction calibrated to schedulebased occupancy of spaces on campus, and potentially during a holiday curtailment break. These changes will coincide with buildings scheduled to be retrofitted within the same time frame. $1,500/ther mostat 0 0 Full implementation By 2040, implementation of scheduled temperature setbacks and outside air supply rate reduction in all buildings on campus, in addition to the deployment of sensing technology or occupancy-based controls for more highly calibrated and responsive heating and cooling. $1,500/ther mostat 0 1 Model To model the effect of scheduled thermostat controls that are more aligned with building occupancy, we assign a date of retrofit to each building on campus as noted in the scenario descriptions. Each upgraded campus building gets a new control schedule instead of the default constant setpoint thermostats in older buildings and uses occupancy-based ventilation controls to reduce outdoor air supply when buildings are unoccupied. Because our building energy models do not have detailed zone information or HVAC systems, higher spatial resolution controls and more advanced controls such as temperature resets. The figure below shows typical weekday schedules for existing and renovated buildings.
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