Annotated Bibliography

Allison, Penelope M. "Casa dei Vettii." Pompeian Households: An On-line Companion. http://www.stoa.org/projects/ph/house?id=18 (26 April 2006).

This is an incredibly useful resource. The site includes summaries of many major building excavation projects throughout Pompeii. What was specifically used was the information on The House of the Vettii. There is a general overview of the house as well as information about each room, and for many, interpretations.

Archer, William C. "The Paintings in the Alae of the Casa dei Vettii and a Definition of the Fourth Pompeian Style." American Journal of Archaeology, 94, no. 1 (1990): 95-123.

This article is very useful. It gives an in-depth analysis of the Fourth style paintings. It also goes through specific paintings in the house as well as a few examples from other buildings.

Benton, Janetta Rebold. "Some Ancient Mural Motifs in Italian Painting around 1300." Kunstgeschichte, 48, no. 2 (1985): 151-176.

The article had examples of how ancient roman paintings influenced Italian Christian paintings. The article was of little use as its focus was on Christian paintings.

Boyce, George K. "Significance of the Serpents on Pompeian House Shrines." American Journal of Archaeology, 46, no. 1 (1942): 13-22.

The subject of the serpent was the focus of the journal article. In it was an attempt to explain both the reasons for the serpent, as well as discussing certain common characteristics seen in the typical shrine serpent. The article did not specifically go into the serpent in the House of Vettii, though it was mentioned.

Brion, Marcel. Pompeii and Herculaneum: The Glory and the Grief. New York, NY: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1960.

This book was not the most useful of the many sources considered. There was limited information about the House, though nothing very unique from other books.

Carolis, Ernesto De. Gods and Heroes in Pompeii. Los Angeles, CA: J. Paul Getty Museum, 2001.

Carolis provides a fairly thorough background of the four styles of Pompeian wall painting and gives the reader a good idea of what norms existed with respect to these paintings in Pompeii.

Clarke, John R. The Houses of Roman Italy, 100 B.C. - A.D. 250: Ritual, Space, and Decoration. Oxford, England: University of California Press, 1991.

Clarke, John R. Looking at Lovemaking: Constructions of Sexuality in Roman Art, 100 B. C. - A. D. 250. Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press, 1998.

As sexual and erotic images are so commonly found in the House of the Vettii, as well as in many other locations throughout Pompeii, this book served as an excellent source to explain that feature of Roman Society. The book covers how the sexual obsession began, considering Greek influences. There is a in-depth explanation of a variety of sexual topics such as homosexuality. Clarke also has a section on sexual representations in private homes. The section specific to the House of the Vettii was the most useful section, though the book as a whole is an excellent source of information on the topic.

Clarke, John R. "The Warren Cup and the Contexts for Representations of Male-to-Male Lovemaking in Augustan and Early Julio-Claudian Art." The Art Bulletin. 75, no. 2 (1993): 275-294.

This article was very interesting as it covered homosexuality as well as other erotic images in ancient Rome. There was not much information specific to the House of the Vettii short of a brief discussion of the images that appear in room x'.

Gunther, Michael D. "Roman Painting: Frescoes From Campania." Old Stones. 1999. http://www.art-and-archaeology.com/roman/painting.html (2 May 2006).

This sight has some basic background about Roman art, including the 4 styles created by Mau. There are a few examples of paintings in the House of the Vettii as well as elsewhere in Rome. This site is only useful for gaining very basic understanding of ancient Roman art.

Jashemski, Wilhelmina F. "Large Vineyard Discovered in Ancient Pompeii," Science, New Series, 180, No. 4088 (1973): 821-830.

While this article did not specifically discuss the house in depth, it did offer an interesting insight as to how smaller preserved details, such as paintings in ancient homes, can help modern anthropological efforts. The article covered how an excavation discovered a vineyard that had existed in ancient Pompeii.

Jashemski, Wilhelmina F. "A Pompeian Vinarius." The Classical Journal. 62, no. 5 (1967): 193-204.

The article covers a variety of aspects of wine in ancient Pompeii as well as discovering more about the industry by recent excavations. There was not information specific to the Vettii so overall it was not useful.

Mau, August.Pompeii: Its Life and Art. New York, NY: The Macmillan Company, 1899.

This book was primarily used as a resource in the analysis of the functions of specific rooms of the house. The most useful feature of the book is the incredible detail to which it analyses the many wall paintings all over the home. The chapter specifically on The House of the Vettii included extensive consideration of the artwork in one room of the home.

Pompeian Wall Paintings: The House of the Vettii (Casa di Vettii) n.d. http://www1.hollins.edu/docs/academics/divisioni/classical%20studies/saloweyca/clas%20245/vettii/vettiipage.htm#house (1 May 2006).

This website was of limited use. It provided some images. The site also has short explanations of the images, most being paintings from various walls in the house. The explanations are not incredibly in-depth.

"Private lives of Pompeii." AD 1. n.d. http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/rome/pompeii6.html (28 April 2006).

This website covers a variety of topics relating to Pompeii and the society. Most of the information is very general but could act as a good starting point before carrying out further research.

Zanker, Paul. Pompeii: Public and Private Life. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998.

Zanker's book is very useful in getting an in-depth understanding of Pompeii society. It goes through how cities were organized in ancient Rome and eventually moves into more detail discussing how houses in Pompeii were generally organized. The book also goes into a variety of individual buildings, their layouts, purpose, and histories.

Works Cited

[1] Allison, "Casa dei Vettii."
[2] Mau, 315-324.
[3] Jashemski, 821-830.
[4] Archer, 95-123.
[5] Benton, 151-176.
[6] Clarke, The Houses of Roman Italy, 209-223.
[7] "Private lives of Pompeii."
[8] Clarke, The Houses of Roman Italy, 208.
[9] Ibid., 221.
[10] Zanker, 4.
[11] Ibid.,10.
[12] Ibid., 11.
[13] Ibid.
[14] Ibid.
[15] Ibid., 12.
[16] Ibid., 13.
[17] Ibid., 14.
[18] Clarke, Looking at Lovemaking, 169.
[19] "Private lives of Pompeii."
[20] Clarke, Looking at Lovemaking, 174.
[21] Allison
[22] Brion, 146.
[23] Ibid., 149.
[24] Pompeian Wall Paintings, Cupids in the Atrium.
[25] Clarke, Looking at Lovemaking, 173.
[26] Ibid., 174.
[27] Ibid., 177.
[28] Boyce, 13-22.
[29] Carolis.
[30] Ibid.
[31] Ibid.
[32] Pompeian Wall Paintings.
[33] Carolis.
[34] Ibid.
[35] Ibid.
[36] Pompeian Wall Paintings.