01/11/82 Modes Operation The following list of modes are recognized by the tty_ I/O module, set_tty command and the modes preaccess request. The modes operation to tty_ is supported when the I/O switch is open. Some modes have a complement indicated by the circumflex character (^) that turns the mode off (e.g., ^erkl). For these modes the complement is displayed with the mode. Normal defaults are indicated for those modes that are generally independent of terminal type. The modes string is processed from left to right. Thus, if two or more contradictory modes appear within the same modes string, the rightmost mode prevails. List of modes: 8bit, ^8bit causes input characters to be received without removing the 8th (high-order) bit, which is normally interpreted as a parity bit. This mode is valid for HSLA channels only. (Default is off.) blk_xfer, ^blk_xfer specifies that the user's terminal is capable of transmitting a block or "frame" of input all at once in response to a single keystroke. The system may not handle such input correctly unless blk_xfer mode is on and the set_framing_chars order has seen issued. (Default is off.) breakall, ^breakall enables a mode in which all characters are assumed to be break characters, making each character available to the user process as soon as it is typed. This mode only affects get_chars operations. (Default is off.) can, ^can performs standard canonicalization on input. (Default is on.) can_type=overstrike, can_type=replace specifies the method to be used to convert an input string to canonical form. Canonicalization is only performed when the I/O switch is in "can" mode. (Default is can_type=overstrike.) capo, ^capo outputs all lowercase letters in uppercase. If edited mode is on, uppercase letters are printed normally; if edited mode is off and capo mode is on, uppercase letters are preceded by an escape (\) character. (Default is off.) crecho, ^crecho echoes a carriage return when a line feed is typed. This mode can only be used with terminals and line types capable of receiving and transmitting simultaneously. ctl_char, ^ctl_char specifies that ASCII control characters that do not cause carriage or paper motion are to be accepted as input, except for the NUL character. If the mode is off, all such characters are discarded. (Default is off.) default is a shorthand way of specifying erkl, can, ^rawi, ^rawo, ^wake_tbl, and esc. The settings for other modes are not affected. echoplex, ^echoplex echoes all characters typed on the terminal. The same restriction applies as for crecho; it must also be possible to disable the terminal's local copy function. edited, ^edited suppresses printing of characters for which there is no defined Multics equivalent on the device referenced. If edited mode is off, the 9-bit octal representation of the character is printed. (Default is off.) erkl, ^erkl performs "erase" and "kill" processing on input. (Default is on.) esc, ^esc enables escape processing on all input read from the device. (Default is on.) force specifies that if the modes string contains unrecognized or invalid modes, they are to be ignored and any valid modes are to be set. If force is not specified, invalid modes cause an error code to be returned, and no modes are set. fulldpx, ^fulldpx allows the terminal to receive and transmit simultaneously. This mode should be explicitly enabled before enabling echoplex mode. hndlquit, ^hndlquit echoes a newline character and performs a resetread of the associated stream when a quit signal is detected. (Default is on.) iflow, ^iflow specifies that input flow control characters are to be recognized and/or sent to the terminal. The characters must be set before iflow mode can be turned on. init sets all switch type modes off, sets line length to 50, and sets page length to zero. lfecho, ^lfecho echoes and inserts a line feed in the user's input stream when a carriage return is typed. The same restriction applies as for crecho. llN, ^ll specifies the length in character positions of a terminal line. If an attempt is made to output a line longer than this length, the excess characters are placed on the next line. If ^ll is specified, line length checking is disabled. In this case, if a line of more than 255 column positions is output by a single call to iox_$put_chars, some extra white space may appear on the terminal. no_outp, ^no_outp causes output characters to be sent to the terminal without the addition of parity bits. If this mode and rawo mode are on, any 8-bit pattern can be sent to the terminal. This mode is valid for HSLA channels only. (Default is off.) oddp, ^oddp causes any parity generation that is done to the channel to assume odd parity. Otherwise, even parity is assumed for line types other than 2741 and 1050. This mode is valid for HSLA channels only. (Default is off.) oflow, ^oflow specifies that output flow control characters are to be recognized when sent by the terminal. The characters and the protocol to be used must be set before oflow mode can be turned on. plN, ^pl specifies the length in lines of a page. When an attempt is made to exceed this length, a warning message is printed. When the user types a formfeed or newline character (any break character), the output continues with the next page. the warning message is normally the string "EOP", but can be changed by means of the set_special control order. The string is displayed on a new line after N consecutive output lines are sent to the screen (including long lines which are folded as more than one output line). To have the end-of-page string displayed on the screen without scrolling lines off the top, N should be set to one less than the page length capability of the screen, unless the end-of-page string is a null string. In this case, output stops at the end of the last line of the page or screen. If ^pl is specified, end-of-page checking is disabled. (See description of scroll mode below.) polite, ^polite does not print output sent to the terminal while the user is typing input until the carriage is at the left margin, unless the user allows 30 seconds to pass without typing a newline. (Default is off.) prefixnl, ^prefixnl controls what happens when terminal output interrupts a partially complete input line. In prefixnl mode, a newline character is inserted in order to start the output at the left margin; in ^prefixnl mode, the output starts in the current column position. (Default is on.) Polite mode controls when input may be interrupted by output; prefixnl controls what happens when such an interruption occurs. rawi, ^rawi reads the data specified from the device directly without any conversion or processing. (Default is off.) rawo, ^rawo writes data to the device directly without any conversion or processing. (Default is off.) red, ^red sends red and black shifts to the terminal. replay, ^replay prints any partial input line that is interrupted by output at the conclusion of the output, and leaves the carriage in the same position as when the interruption occurred. (Default is off.) scroll, ^scroll specifies that end-of-page checking is performed in a manner suited to scrolling video terminals. If the mode is on, the end-of-page condition occurs only when a full page of output is displayed without intervening input lines. The mode is ignored whenever end-of-page checking is disabled. (Default is off.) tabecho, ^tabecho echoes the appropriate number of spaces when a horizontal tab is typed. The same restriction applies as for crecho. tabs, ^tabs inserts tabs in output in place of spaces when appropriate. If tabs mode is off, all tab characters are mapped into the appropriate number of spaces. vertsp, ^vertsp performs the vertical tab and formfeed functions, and sends appropriate characters to the device. Otherwise, such characters are escaped. (Default is off.) wake_tbl, ^wake_tbl causes input wakeups to occur only when specified wakeup characters are received. Wakeup characters are defined by the set_wakeup_table order. This mode is ineffective unless breakall mode is also on. This mode cannot be set unless a wakeup table has been previously defined. ----------------------------------------------------------- Historical Background This edition of the Multics software materials and documentation is provided and donated to Massachusetts Institute of Technology by Group BULL including BULL HN Information Systems Inc. as a contribution to computer science knowledge. This donation is made also to give evidence of the common contributions of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Bell Laboratories, General Electric, Honeywell Information Systems Inc., Honeywell BULL Inc., Groupe BULL and BULL HN Information Systems Inc. to the development of this operating system. Multics development was initiated by Massachusetts Institute of Technology Project MAC (1963-1970), renamed the MIT Laboratory for Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence in the mid 1970s, under the leadership of Professor Fernando Jose Corbato. Users consider that Multics provided the best software architecture for managing computer hardware properly and for executing programs. Many subsequent operating systems incorporated Multics principles. Multics was distributed in 1975 to 2000 by Group Bull in Europe , and in the U.S. by Bull HN Information Systems Inc., as successor in interest by change in name only to Honeywell Bull Inc. and Honeywell Information Systems Inc. . ----------------------------------------------------------- Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute these programs and their documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,provided that the below copyright notice and historical background appear in all copies and that both the copyright notice and historical background and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation, and that the names of MIT, HIS, BULL or BULL HN not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the programs without specific prior written permission. Copyright 1972 by Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Honeywell Information Systems Inc. Copyright 2006 by BULL HN Information Systems Inc. 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