Formal Forms of Verbs

1. In Chapter 1, we learned that Japanese verbs can be divided into three groups:

The verbal forms that we studied previously are called "informal (or plain) forms." In this chapter, we study formal forms of verbs.

You can change the informal (or plain) forms of verbs into
the formal ones based on the following rule:

Recall that the distinction between RU-verbs and U-verbs can be made based on the following rule:

Let's Practice! Say the formal forms of the following verbs.
Check #7!

2. Now, for Nouns and Adjectives, use ....DESU.
For instance:

Informal Forms of Adjectives can be made by dropping DESU
For instance:

3. For making questions, attach -ka at the end of a sentence.

4. Formal Forms of 'Yes' and 'No'.
In Chapter 1, we practiced the informal 'yes' (i.e., /un/).

The formal forms of 'yes' and 'no' are:

Let's Practice!: How would you say the following?

Now, go to this drill!