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Country or region: Galapagos |
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Number of species: 153 |
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Number of endemics: 25 |
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Number of breeding endemics: 3 |
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Number of globally threatened species: 17 |
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Number of introduced species: 1 |
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Galapagos Penguin |
Spheniscus mendiculus |
Endemic Endangered |
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Pied-billed Grebe |
Podilymbus podiceps |
Rare/Accidental |
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Wandering Albatross |
Diomedea exulans |
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Waved Albatross |
Phoebastria irrorata |
Breeding endemic Vulnerable |
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Black-footed Albatross |
Phoebastria nigripes |
Rare/Accidental Vulnerable |
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Black-browed Albatross |
Thalassarche melanophris |
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Antarctic Giant Petrel |
Macronectes giganteus |
Rare/Accidental Vulnerable |
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Hall's Giant Petrel |
Macronectes halli |
Rare/Accidental Near-threatened |
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Southern Fulmar |
Fulmarus glacialoides |
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Cape Petrel |
Daption capense |
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Mottled Petrel |
Pterodroma inexpectata |
Near-threatened |
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Galapagos Petrel |
Pterodroma phaeopygia |
Breeding endemic |
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Defilippe's Petrel |
Pterodroma defilippiana |
Vulnerable |
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Gould's Petrel |
Pterodroma leucoptera |
Rare/Accidental Vulnerable |
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Antarctic Prion |
Pachyptila desolata |
Rare/Accidental |
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Parkinson's Petrel |
Procellaria parkinsoni |
Rare/Accidental Vulnerable |
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Pink-footed Shearwater |
Puffinus creatopus |
Vulnerable |
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Flesh-footed Shearwater |
Puffinus carneipes |
Rare/Accidental |
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Wedge-tailed Shearwater |
Puffinus pacificus |
Rare/Accidental |
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Sooty Shearwater |
Puffinus griseus |
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Audubon's Shearwater |
Puffinus lherminieri |
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White-vented Storm-Petrel |
Oceanites gracilis |
Data deficient |
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White-faced Storm-Petrel |
Pelagodroma marina |
Rare/Accidental |
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White-bellied Storm-Petrel |
Fregetta grallaria |
Rare/Accidental |
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Polynesian Storm-Petrel |
Nesofregetta fuliginosa |
Vulnerable |
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Wedge-rumped Storm-Petrel |
Oceanodroma tethys |
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Band-rumped Storm-Petrel |
Oceanodroma castro |
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Leach's Storm-Petrel |
Oceanodroma leucorhoa |
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Markham's Storm-Petrel |
Oceanodroma markhami |
Rare/Accidental Data deficient |
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Black Storm-Petrel |
Oceanodroma melania |
Rare/Accidental |
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Red-billed Tropicbird |
Phaethon aethereus |
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Brown Pelican |
Pelecanus occidentalis |
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Blue-footed Booby |
Sula nebouxii |
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Masked Booby |
Sula dactylatra |
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Nazca Booby |
Sula granti |
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Red-footed Booby |
Sula sula |
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Brown Booby |
Sula leucogaster |
Rare/Accidental |
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Flightless Cormorant |
Phalacrocorax harrisi |
Endemic Endangered |
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Magnificent Frigatebird |
Fregata magnificens |
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Great Frigatebird |
Fregata minor |
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Great Blue Heron |
Ardea herodias |
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Great Egret |
Ardea alba |
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Tricolored Heron |
Egretta tricolor |
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Little Blue Heron |
Egretta caerulea |
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Snowy Egret |
Egretta thula |
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Little Egret |
Egretta garzetta |
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Cattle Egret |
Bubulcus ibis |
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Striated Heron |
Butorides striata |
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Black-crowned Night-Heron |
Nycticorax nycticorax |
Rare/Accidental |
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Yellow-crowned Night-Heron |
Nyctanassa violacea |
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Caribbean Flamingo |
Endangered |
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Black-bellied Whistling-Duck |
Dendrocygna autumnalis |
Rare/Accidental |
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White-cheeked Pintail |
Anas bahamensis |
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Blue-winged Teal |
Anas discors |
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Osprey |
Endangered |
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Galapagos Hawk |
Endemic Vulnerable |
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Peregrine Falcon |
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Galapagos Rail |
Laterallus spilonotus |
Endemic Vulnerable |
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Sora |
Porzana carolina |
Rare/Accidental |
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Paint-billed Crake |
Neocrex erythrops |
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Purple Gallinule |
Porphyrio martinica |
Rare/Accidental |
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Common Moorhen |
Gallinula chloropus |
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American Oystercatcher |
Haematopus palliatus |
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Black-necked Stilt |
Himantopus mexicanus |
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Pacific Golden-Plover |
Pluvialis fulva |
Rare/Accidental |
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American Golden-Plover |
Pluvialis dominica |
Rare/Accidental |
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Black-bellied Plover |
Pluvialis squatarola |
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Semipalmated Plover |
Charadrius semipalmatus |
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Wilson's Plover |
Charadrius wilsonia |
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Killdeer |
Charadrius vociferus |
Rare/Accidental |
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Short-billed Dowitcher |
Limnodromus griseus |
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Hudsonian Godwit |
Limosa haemastica |
Rare/Accidental |
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Marbled Godwit |
Limosa fedoa |
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Whimbrel |
Numenius phaeopus |
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Greater Yellowlegs |
Tringa melanoleuca |
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Lesser Yellowlegs |
Tringa flavipes |
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Solitary Sandpiper |
Tringa solitaria |
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Spotted Sandpiper |
Actitis macularia |
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Wandering Tattler |
Heterosceles incanus |
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Willet |
Catoptrophorus semipalmatus |
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Ruddy Turnstone |
Arenaria interpres |
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Black Turnstone |
Arenaria melanocephala |
Rare/Accidental |
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Surfbird |
Aphriza virgata |
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Red Knot |
Calidris canutus |
Rare/Accidental |
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Sanderling |
Calidris alba |
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Semipalmated Sandpiper |
Calidris pusilla |
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Western Sandpiper |
Calidris mauri |
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Least Sandpiper |
Calidris minutilla |
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White-rumped Sandpiper |
Calidris fuscicollis |
Rare/Accidental |
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Baird's Sandpiper |
Calidris bairdii |
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Pectoral Sandpiper |
Calidris melanotos |
Rare/Accidental |
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Stilt Sandpiper |
Calidris himantopus |
Rare/Accidental |
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Buff-breasted Sandpiper |
Tryngites subruficollis |
Near-threatened |
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Wilson's Phalarope |
Phalaropus tricolor |
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Red-necked Phalarope |
Phalaropus lobatus |
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Red Phalarope |
Phalaropus fulicarius |
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South Polar Skua |
Stercorarius maccormicki |
Rare/Accidental |
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Great Skua |
Stercorarius skua |
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Pomarine Jaeger |
Stercorarius pomarinus |
Rare/Accidental |
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Parasitic Jaeger |
Stercorarius parasiticus |
Rare/Accidental |
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Long-tailed Jaeger |
Stercorarius longicaudus |
Rare/Accidental |
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Ring-billed Gull |
Larus delawarensis |
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Kelp Gull |
Larus dominicanus |
Rare/Accidental |
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Lava Gull |
Larus fuliginosus |
Endemic Vulnerable |
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Laughing Gull |
Larus atricilla |
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Franklin's Gull |
Larus pipixcan |
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Swallow-tailed Gull |
Creagrus furcatus |
Breeding endemic |
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Royal Tern |
Sterna maxima |
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Common Tern |
Sterna hirundo |
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Sooty Tern |
Sterna fuscata |
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Black Tern |
Chlidonias niger |
Rare/Accidental |
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Brown Noddy |
Anous stolidus |
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White Tern |
Gygis alba |
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Eared Dove |
Zenaida auriculata |
Rare/Accidental |
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Galapagos Dove |
Zenaida galapagoensis |
Endemic |
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Black-billed Cuckoo |
Coccyzus erythropthalmus |
Rare/Accidental |
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Dark-billed Cuckoo |
Coccyzus melacoryphus |
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Smooth-billed Ani |
Crotophaga ani |
Introduced species |
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Groove-billed Ani |
Crotophaga sulcirostris |
Rare/Accidental |
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Barn Owl |
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Short-eared Owl |
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Common Nighthawk |
Chordeiles minor |
Rare/Accidental |
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Chimney Swift |
Chaetura pelagica |
Rare/Accidental |
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Belted Kingfisher |
Ceryle alcyon |
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Vermilion Flycatcher |
Pyrocephalus rubinus |
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Galapagos Flycatcher |
Myiarchus magnirostris |
Endemic |
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Purple Martin |
Progne subis |
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Galapagos Martin |
Progne modesta |
Endemic |
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Bank Swallow |
Riparia riparia |
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Cliff Swallow |
Petrochelidon pyrrhonota |
Rare/Accidental |
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Barn Swallow |
Hirundo rustica |
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Cedar Waxwing |
Bombycilla cedrorum |
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Galapagos Mockingbird |
Nesomimus parvulus |
Endemic |
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Charles Mockingbird |
Nesomimus trifasciatus |
Endemic Endangered |
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Hood Mockingbird |
Nesomimus macdonaldi |
Endemic Vulnerable |
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San Cristobal Mockingbird |
Nesomimus melanotis |
Endemic |
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Yellow Warbler |
Dendroica petechia |
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Bananaquit |
Coereba flaveola |
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Summer Tanager |
Piranga rubra |
Rare/Accidental |
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Large Ground-Finch |
Geospiza magnirostris |
Endemic |
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Medium Ground-Finch |
Geospiza fortis |
Endemic |
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Small Ground-Finch |
Geospiza fuliginosa |
Endemic |
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Sharp-beaked Ground-Finch |
Geospiza difficilis |
Endemic |
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Common Cactus-Finch |
Geospiza scandens |
Endemic |
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Large Cactus-Finch |
Geospiza conirostris |
Endemic |
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Vegetarian Finch |
Camarhynchus crassirostris |
Endemic |
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Mangrove Finch |
Camarhynchus heliobates |
Endemic Critically endangered |
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Large Tree-Finch |
Camarhynchus psittacula |
Endemic |
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Small Tree-Finch |
Camarhynchus parvulus |
Endemic |
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Medium Tree-Finch |
Camarhynchus pauper |
Endemic Vulnerable |
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Woodpecker Finch |
Camarhynchus pallidus |
Endemic |
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Warbler Finch |
Certhidea olivacea |
Endemic |
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Bobolink |
Dolichonyx oryzivorus |
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The World Bird Database
Jabiru Stork Jabiru mycteria (Lichtenstein, 1819)
http://www.lastrefuge.co.uk/photolibrary/image_index/birds_index1.html
Corals, Endangered
Lace Coral Crypthelia cymas Cairns, 1986
Crypthelia dactylopoma Cairns, 1986
Crypthelia eueides Cairns, 1986
Crypthelia gigantea (Fisher, 1938)
Crypthelia glebulenta Cairns, 1986
Crypthelia lacunosa Cairns, 1986
Crypthelia stenopoma (Hickson & England, 1905)
Distichopora laevigranulosa Cairns, 1986
Errina macrogastra Marenzeller, 1904
Lepidotheca macropora Cairns, 1986
Stenohelia concinna Boschma, 1964
Stenohelia profunda Moseley, 1881
Stenohelia robusta Boschma, 1964
Stylaster divergens Marenzeller, 1904
Stylaster galapagensis Cairns, 1986
Hard Coral (Stony Coral) Balanophyllia cedrosensis Durham, 1947
Balanophyllia galapagensis Vaughan, 1906
Cladopsammia eguchii (Wells, 1982)
Cladopsammia gracilis (Milne Edwards & Haime, 1848)
Dendrophyllia californica Durham, 1947
Dendrophyllia johnsoni Cairns, 1991
Dendrophyllia oldroydae Oldroyd, 1924
Enallopsammia rostrata (Pourtalès, 1878)
Endopachys grayi Milne Edwards & Haime, 1848
Endopsammia pourtalesi (Durham & Barnard, 1952)
Rhizopsammia verrilli van der Horst, 1922
Rhizopsammia wellingtoni Wells, 1982
Tubastraea coccinea Lesson, 1829
Tubastraea faulkneri Wells, 1982
Tubastraea floreana Wells, 1982
Tubastraea tagusensis Wells, 1982
Flabellum daphnense Durham & Barnard, 1952
Javania cailleti (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864)
Polymyces wellsi Cairns, 1991
Pseudocyathoceras avis (Durham & Barnard, 1952)
Sphenotrochus hancocki Durham & Barnard, 1952
Caryophyllia diomedeae Marenzeller, 1904
Caryophyllia perculta Cairns, 1991
Caryophyllia solida Cairns, 1991
Cladocora debilis Milne Edwards & Haime, 1849
Cladocora pacifica Cairns, 1991
Concentrotheca vaughani Cairns, 1991
Crispatotrochus galapagensis Cairns, 1991
Desmophyllum dianthus (Esper, 1794)
Lophelia pertusa (Linnaeus, 1758)
Paracyathus humilis Verrill, 1870
Phyllangia consagensis (Durham & Barnard, 1952)
Polycyathus hondaensis (Durham & Barnard, 1952)
Polycyathus isabela Wells, 1982
Madrepora oculata Linnaeus, 1758
Oculina profunda Cairns, 1991
Astrangia browni Palmer, 1928
Astrangia equatorialis Durham & Barnard, 1952
Culicia rubeola (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833)
Oulangia bradleyi (Verrill, 1866)
Fungia curvata Hoeksema, 1989
Fungia distorta Michelin, 1842
Fungia erosa Döderlein, 1901
Fungiacyathus marenzelleri (Vaughan, 1906)
Gardineroseris planulata (Dana, 1846)
Leptoseris foliosa Dinesen, 1980
Leptoseris papyracea (Dana, 1846)
Leptoseris scabra Vaughan, 1907
Pavona gigantea (Verrill, 1869)
Pavona maldivensis (Gardiner, 1905)
Pavona varians (Verrill, 1864)
Psammocora brighami (Vaughan, 1907)
Psammocora profundacella Gardiner, 1898
Psammocora stellata (Verrill, 1866)
Psammocora superficialis Gardiner, 1898
Porites lobata Dana, 1846
Porites panamensis Verrill, 1866
Madracis asperula Milne Edwards & Haime, 1849
Madracis decactis (Lyman, 1859)
Pocillopora capitata Verrill, 1864
Pocillopora damicornis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Pocillopora elegans Dana, 1846
Pocillopora eydouxi Milne Edwards & Haime, 1860
Pocillopora inflata Glynn, 1999
Pocillopora meandrina Dana, 1846
Pocillopora verrucosa (Ellis & Solander, 1786)
Pocillopora woodjonesi Vaughan, 1918
Black Coral Bathypathes bayeri Opresko, 2001
Myriopathes panamensis (Verrill, 1870)
Chrysopathes formosa Opresko, 2003
Antipathes galapagensis Deichmann, 1941
Dolphins, Endangered
Atlantic Dolphin Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758
Pygmy Killer Whale Feresa attenuata Gray, 1875
Pacific Pilot Whale Globicephala macrorhynchus Gray, 1846
Grey Dolphin Grampus griseus (G. Cuvier, 1812)
Fraser's Dolphin (Sarawak Dolphin) Lagenodelphis hosei Fraser, 1956
Orca (Killer Whale) Orcinus orca (Linnaeus, 1758)
Melon-headed Whale Peponocephala electra (Gray, 1846)
False Killer Whale Pseudorca crassidens (Owen, 1846)
Bridled Dolphin Stenella attenuata (Gray, 1846)
(Pantropic Spotted Dolphin)
Euphrosyne Dolphin (Striped Dolphin)Stenella coeruleoalba (Meyen, 1833)
Long-beaked Dolphin Stenella longirostris (Gray, 1828)
Rough-toothed Dolphin Steno bredanensis (Lesson, 1828)
Bottlenose Dolphin Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821)
Iguanas, Endangered
Galapagos Marine Iguana Amblyrhynchus cristatus albemarlensis Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1962 (G)
Amblyrhynchus cristatus Bell, 1825 Endangered
Amblyrhynchus cristatus hassi Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1962 (G)
Amblyrhynchus cristatus mertensi Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1962 (G)
Amblyrhynchus cristatus nanus Garman, 1892 (G)
Amblyrhynchus cristatus sielmanni Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1962 (G)
Amblyrhynchus cristatus venustissimus Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1956 (G)
Barrington Land Iguana Conolophus pallidus Heller, 1903 Endangered
(Santa Fe Iguana)
Galapagos Land Iguana Conolophus subcristatus (Gray, 1831) Endangered
Seahorses, Endangered
Giant Seahorse Hippocampus ingens Girard, 1858
Seals, Endangered
Galapagos Fur Seal Arctocephalus galapagoensis Heller, 1904
Sharks, Endangered
Basking Shark (Sun-fish) Cetorhinus maximus (Gunnerus, 1765)
Whale Shark Rhincodon typus Smith, 1828
Tortoises, Endangered
Galapagos Giant Tortoise Geochelone nigra (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)
Turtles, Endangered Sea
Olive Ridley Lepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz, 1829)
Human Impacts on Olive Ridley Sea Turtles
Pesticides, heavy metals and PCB's have been detected in turtles and eggs, but the effect on them is unknown.
Marine turtles are at risk when encountering an oil spill. Respiration, skin, blood chemistry and salt gland function are affected.
Olive ridley turtles eat a wide variety of marine debris such as plastic bags, plastic and styrofoam pieces, tar balls, balloons and raw plastic pellets. Effects of consumption include interference in metabolism or gut function, even at low levels of ingestion, as well as absorbtion of toxic byproducts.
In areas where recreational boating and ship traffic is intense, propeller and collision injuries are not uncommon.
Hawksbill Turtle Eretmochelys imbricata (Linnaeus, 1766)
Green Turtle Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758)
http://sea.unep-wcmc.org/isdb/CITES/Taxonomy/tax-species-result.cfm?Genus=Geochelone&Species=nigra&source=animals
Leatherback Turtle Dermochelys coriacea (Vandelli, 1761)
Whales, Endangered
Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae (Borowski, 1781)
Common Rorqual (Razorback Whale) Balaenoptera physalus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Bryde's Whale (Tropical Whale) Balaenoptera edeni Anderson, 1878
Coalfish Whale Balaenoptera borealis Lesson, 1828
Lesser Rorqual (Minke Whale) Balaenoptera acutorostrata Lacépède, 1804
Sperm Whale Physeter catodon Linnaeus, 1758
http://sea.unep-wcmc.org/isdb/CITES/Taxonomy/tax-species-result.cfm?Genus=Rhincodon&Species=typus&source=animalsPygmy Whale Kogia breviceps (Blainville, 1838)
Dwarf Sperm Whale Kogia simus (Owen, 1866)
http://sea.unep-wcmc.org/isdb/CITES/Taxonomy/tax-species-result.cfm?Genus=Hippocampus&Species=ingens&source=animalsBlainville's Beaked Whale Mesoplodon densirostris (de Blainville, 1817)
Ginkgo-Toothed Beaked Whale Mesoplodon ginkgodens Nishiwaki & Kamiya, 1958
Cuvier's Beaked Whale Ziphius cavirostris G. Cuvier, 1823
Frogs, Not Endangered
Microlophus albemarlensis (Baur, 1890)
Microlophus delanonis (Baur, 1890)
Sources for List:
The World Bird Database
Reptiles and Amphibians on Ecuador
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora