-- (2007). About MSC. Retrieved on November 18, 2007, from http://www.msc.org/html/content_462.htm.

-- (2004). Alaska Pollock Marketing Group Says MSC Certification will Strengthen Marketing Efforts. Retrieved

Biodegradable material (n.d.). Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=equipment&xml=biodegradablematerial.xml.

Bycatch Reduction Devices (BRD) (n.d.). Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=equipment&xml=brd.xml.

China opens marine life biodiversity protection center. 11 October 2006. Xinhua General News Service.

Does fish-trawling harm the seabed?-Finding out the facts (n.d.). Retrieved 27 September 2007, from: http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/Story/maritimes/trawling_e.htm.

Dolphin Deterrence. Retrieved 14 November 2007, from: http://www.irishscientist.ie/2002/contents.asp?contentxml=02p55.xml&contentxsl=is02pages.xsl.

Fishery and Aquaculture Country Profile: China (n.d.). Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=countrysector&xml=FI-CP_CN.xml〈=en.

Fishery and Aquaculture Country Profile: Iceland (n.d.). Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=countrysector&xml=FI-CP_IS.xml〈=en.

Fishery and Aquaculture Country Profile: Japan (n.d.). Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=countrysector&xml=FI-CP_JP.xml〈=en.

Fishery and Aquaculture Country Profile: Kenya (n.d.). Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=countrysector&xml=FI-CP_KE.xml〈=en.

Fishing methods (n.d.). Retrieved 13 September 2007, from: http://www.fishonline.org/site/www/caught_at_sea/methods.

Fishing Methods (n.d.). Retrieved 13 September 2007, from: http://www.starfish.govt.nz/science/facts/fact-methods.htm.

-- Global Aquaculture Alliance: Best Aquaculture Practices. Retrieved November 21, 2007 from http://www.msc.org/HTML_support/logo.gif.

-- (2007). Health Effects. US Environmental Protection Agency: Mercury. Retrieved 20 November 2007, from: http://www.epa.gov/mercury/health.htm.

Joint Report of the Study Group on Unaccounted Fishing Mortality (SGUFM) and the Workshop on Unaccounted Fishing Mortality (WKUFM) (2005, September 25). Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.ices.dk/reports/FTC/2005/SGUFM05.pdf.

Medina panels (n.d.). Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=equipment&xml=medinapanels.xml.

Midwater Trawls. Retrieved 17 October 2007, from: http://www.eurocbc.org/page124.html.

Nearly 1,000 whales drowning in fishing nets: study. Retrieved 13 September 2007, from: http://www.eurocbc.org/bycatch_death_toll_may_exceed_1000_cetaceans_daily_15june2003page1156.html.

Square Mesh Window (n.d.). Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=equipment&xml=squaremeshwindow.xml.

The Radial Escape Section (RES) (n.d.). Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=equipment&xml=radialescapesection.xml.

Turning a blind eye: A marine fish conservation network report. (1 June 2006). Retrieved 27 September 2007, from: http://www.uspirg.org/home/reports/report-archives/ocean-conservation/ocean-conservation/turning-a-blind-eye-a-marine-fish-conservation-network-report.

A

A Conservation Catalog. (n.d.). Retrieved 29 October 2007, from: http://www.envirothonpa.org/documents/conscatalog.pdf.

Abesamis R. A., Russ G. R., Alcala A. C. (2006).Gradients of abundance of fish across no-take marine reserve boundaries: evidence from Philippine coral reefs.  Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 16: 349-371.

Adams, Chuck. (n.d.). An Overview of the Cuban Commercial Fishing Industry and Implications to the Florida Seafood Industry of Renewed Trade. Retrieved November 7, 2007, from http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/FE/FE16200.PDF.

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL  Cai, W., Shi, G., Cowan, T., Bi, D., & Ribbe, J. (2005). The response of the Southern Annular Mode, the East Australian Current, and the southern mid-latitude ocean circulation to global warming. Geophysical Research Letters, 32, L23706. Retrieved November 17, 2007, from http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2005/2005GL024701.shtml.

Agardy, M. T. (1997). Marine Protected Areas and Ocean Conservation.  San Diego,California:  Academic Press

Agardy, M.T., Bridgewater, P., Crosby, M. P., Day, J., et. al. (2003) Dangerous targets? Unresolved issues and ideological clashes around marine protected areas. Aquatic Conservation, 13(4), 1-15.

Ahmed, M., Delgado, C.L., Meijer, S., Rosegrant, M.W., Wada, N. (2003). The Future of Fish: Issues and Trends to 2020. International Food Policy Research Insitute and WorldFish Center. Retrieved 18 November 2007, from the World Wide Web: http://www.ifpri.org.

An inconvenient truth (2007). Retrieved 11/9/2007, 2007, from: http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=inconvenienttruth.htm

Anderson, James L. (2004). Fisheries. Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia Standard.

Anderson, P. B. Taylor, and G. Balch. (1996). Quantifying the effects of sediment release on fish and their habitats. Can. Manuscr. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2346. 110p.

Antarctica does Acid - global warming, ocean acidification, and the Southern Ocean. (2006). Tasmedia.org. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from: http://www.tasmedia.org/node/1214.

Applied Satellite Technologies. (2004). "AST announces major contract to fit satellite GPS tracking devices to the UK`s Fishing Fleet" Retrieved 20 November 2007, from: http://satcomms.com/bulletins/AST%20UK%20Fishing%20Fleet.pdf.

Aquaculture: Fulfilling Its Promise. (2007). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 25 November 2007, from Encyclopedia Britannica Online: http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-92632.

ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies. (2007, January 2). Climate change strikes fish. Science Alert. URL http://www.sciencealert.com.au/climate-change-strikes-fish-6.html.

Associated Press. (18 November 2007). Japan defends whaling 'tradition'. CNN. Retrieved November 22, 2007, from http://edition.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/asiapcf/11/18/japan.whale.ap/

Australian Department of the Environment and Heritage. (2006).  Review of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Act of 1975.

Australian Fisheries Management Authority. (n.d.). Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management. Retrieved November 21, 2007, from Australian Fisheries Management Authority Web site: http://www.afma.gov.au/information/publications/education/pdfs/fs22_ebfm.pdf.

Availability and Consumption of Fish. In Global and regional food consumption patterns and trends. Retrieved 25 November 2007, from: http://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/3_foodconsumption/en/index5.html.

B

Ballantine, W. J.  (1991). Marine Reserves for New Zealand.  Warkworth, New Zealand: UniversityofAuckland, Leigh Marine Laboratory.

Barra helps Tas fish farms deal with climate change. (2007, November 6). ABC News. Retrieved on November 6, 2007 from  http://abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/11/06/2082671.htm

Baumgardner, S., Chao, A., et. al. (2005) Presentation to National Student Ocean Summit.  Washington, DC.

Benitah, M. (June 2004). Ongoing WTO Negotiations on Fisheries Subsidies. ASIL Insights, 1-3. Borger, J. (2001, March 29). Bush Kills Global Warming Treaty. The Guardian Unlimited: http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2001/mar/29/globalwarming.usnews.

Bernton, Hal. (2007, April 25). Sea life at risk as acid levels rise in oceans. Seattle Times. Retrieved November 9, 2007 from China Climate Change Info-Net online: http://www.ccchina.gov/cn/en/NewsInfo.asp?NewsId=7648.

Bildstein, Keith L,  Bancroft, G Thomas,  et al. (1991). Approaches to the  Conservation of Coastal Wetlands in the Western Hemisphere. The Wilson Bulletin, 103(2), 218.  Retrieved November 2, 2007, from Sciences  Module database. (Document ID: 3813300).

Biology NewsNet.  (2007). Marine Reserves Could Save Coral Reefs. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www.biologynews.net/archives/2007/05/14/marine_reserves_could_save_coral_reefs.html.

Biology of Orange Roughy. (2002, April 17). Retrieved November 17, 2007, from The Orange Roughy Management Co., Ltd: http://www.orangeroughynz.com.

Birtwell, I.K. (1999). The effects of sediment on fish and their habitat. DFO Can. Pacific Science Advice and Review Committee Habitat Subcommittee Res. Doc. Canadian Stock Assessment Secretariat Resesarch Document 99/139.

Block, B. A., Dewar, H., Farwell, C., & Prince, E. D. (1998). A New Satellite Technology for Tracking the Movements of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 95(16), 9384-9389. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://links.jstor.org.libproxy.mit.edu/sici?sici=0027-8424%2819980804%2995%3A16%3C9384%3AANSTFT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-J

Block, B. A., Dewar, H., Farwell, C., & Prince, E. D. (1998). A New Satellite Technology for Tracking the Movements of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 95(16), 9384-9389. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://links.jstor.org.libproxy.mit.edu/sici?sici=0027-8424%2819980804%2995%3A16%3C9384%3AANSTFT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-J.

Bluefin tuna face global warming threat. (2006, December 26). Kyodo News. Retrieved November 7, 2007 from http://ccchina.gov/ch/en/NewsInfo.asp?NewsID=6691.

Bohlen, W. F.  (1990).  Ocean Disposal of Particulate Wastes.

Boxall, A.B.A., Kolpin D.W., Halling-Sorenson, B.,& Tolls, J., (2003). Are Veterinary Medicines Causing Environmental Risk? Environmental Science and Technology.

Bralower, T. J., Silva, I. P., Malone M.J (2002). New evidence for abrupt climate change in the Cretaceous and Paleogene: An Ocean Drilling Program expedition to Shatsky Rise, northwest Pacific. GSA Today.

Brehmer, P., Lafont, T., Georgakarakos, S., Josse, E., Gerlotto, F., & Collet, C. (2006). Omnidirectional Multibeam SONAR Monitoring: Applications in Fisheries Science. Fish and Fisheries, 7(3), 165-179. Retrieved November 22, 2007, from http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1467-2979.2006.00218.x

British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands, and Parks (BCMELP). (1998). Ambient  water quality guidelines (criteria) for turbidity, suspended and benthic sediments: overview. Water Management Branch, Environment and Resource Division, British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks. Victoria, BC.

Brown, J. and Macfadyen, G. (2007). Ghost Fishing in European Waters: Impacts and Management Responses. Marine Policy, 31(4), 488-504.

Bryant, D., L. Burke, J. McManus, and M. Spalding. (1998). Reefs at Risk: A Map-based Indicator of Threats to the World's Coral Reefs. World Resources Institute. 56 pp. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www.wri.org/wri/reefsatrisk.

C

Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). (1999). Canadian water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life: total particulate matter. In: Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines, 1999, Environment Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba.

Canadian Department of Oceans and Fisheries. (1999).  Stock Assessment of Eastern Georges Bank Cod.  Retrieved on 21 November 2007, from: http://www.mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/TRAC/reports%5CA3-04(1999)E.pdf.

Carlowicz, M. (2007). Will the Ocean Circulation Be Unbroken? Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from the World Wide Web: http://www.whoi.edu/oceanus/viewImage.do?id=56736&aid=33286.

Catherine, D. M., Loneragan, N. R., Brewer, D. T., & Poiner, I. R. (2007). Partnership Towards Sustainable Use of Australia's Northern Prawn Fishery. In T. R. McClanahan, & J. C. Castilla (Eds.), Fisheries Management: Progress towards sustainability (pp. 207-230). UK: Blackwell.

Caux, P.-Y., D.R.J. Moore, and D. MacDonald. (1997). Ambient water quality guidelines (criteria) for turbidity, suspended and benthic sediments: technical appendix. Prepared for the British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks. Water Quality Branch, Environment and Resource Management Division, Victoria, BC. 82p.

Changing the face of the waters: the promise and challenge of sustainable aquaculture. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, c2007.

Chapman, D., & Kimstach, V., (1992/1996). Selection of Water Quality Variables.  In Water Quality Assessments - a Guide to Use of Biota, Sediments and Water In Environmental Monitoring (chap. 3). Retrieved November 20, 2007, from http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/resourcesquality/wqa/en/.

Chisholm, F., Falkowsi, P., & Cullen, J. (2002). Is Ocean Fertilization Credible and Creditable? . Science's Compass , 467-469.

CIA World Factbook. (2007). China. Retrieved 11/22/2007 from CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html#People.

Clemmitt, M. (4 November 2005). Saving the oceans. CQ Researcher, 15, 933-956. Retrieved November 21, 2007, from CQ Researcher Online: http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2005110400.

Cleveland, C. (Lead Author); Black, B. (Topic Editor), (2007). Three Gorges Dam, China. In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). [First published in September 21, 2006; Last revised January 17, 2007; Retrieved November 18, 2007]. http://www.eoearth.org/article/Three_Gorges_Dam,_China.

Cleveland, C.J. (Washington,D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for  Science and the Environment). [First published March 7, 2007; Last revised  March 20, 2007]. Retrieved October 12, 2007, from: http://www.eoearth.org/article/Coastal_zone.

Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. (2001). Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/wg1/348.htm.

CNN.com, (2007). Billions of jellyfish wipe out N. Irish Salmon Farm. http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/europe/11/21/salmon.jellyfish.ap/index.html.

Cole R. G., Villouta E., Davidson R. J. (2000). Direct evidence of limited dispersal of the reef fish Parapercis colias (Pinguipedidae) within a marine reserve and adjacent fish areas. Aquatic conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 10: 421-436.

Coleman, F.C., Figueira, W.F., Ueland, J.S., & Crowder, L.B. (2004). The Impact of United States Recreational Fisheries on Marine Fish Populations. Science, 305, 1958-1960.

Collins, M., (2005),. El Nino or La Nina-like climate change? Climate Dynamics, 24, 89-104.

Committee to Review Individual Fishing Quotas, Ocean Studies Board, Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, National Research Council. (1999). Sharing the Fish: Toward a National Policy on Individual Fishing Quotas. Retrieved November 22, 2007, from The National Academies Press: http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6335.

Consentino, A. (2005). The Italian System of Marine and Coastal Protected Areas. Global Forum on Coast and Islands, Lisbon, Portugal.  Retrieved 20 November 2007, from: http://www.globaloceans.org/tops2005/pdf/AldoCosentino.pdf.

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. (2007). Appendices I, II, and III. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.shtml.

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. (2007). The CITES Appendices. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://www.cites.org/eng/app/index.shtml.

Cooke, S. J., Hinch, S. G., Crossin, G. T., Patterson, D. A., English, K. K., Healey, M. C., et al. (2006). Mechanistic Basis of Individual Mortality in Pacific Salmon During Spawning Migrations. Ecology, 87 (6), 1575-1586.

Cornwall, W. (2007, October 29). Seattle Meets Kyoto Global-Warming Targets. The Seattle Times: http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2003982047_webkyoto29m.html.

Costanza et al., (1997). The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature 387: 253-260.

CSIRO Australia (2007, May 1). Fish Growth Changes Enhanced By Climate Change. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 9, 2007, from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/04/070427120433.htm. Wells, B. K., Grimes, C. B., Waldvogel, J. B., (2007).

Cybriwsky, Roman. A., Peter Duus, John O. Haley, Richard Katz, and Paul Varley. (2004).   Japan. In Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia Standard

D

Dallal, G. E. (2007, August 10). Why P=0.05? Retrieved November 24, 2007, from The Little Handbook of Statistical Practice: http://www.tufts.edu/~gdallal/p05.htm.

Darby, A. (12 August 2006). Revealed: how Japan caught and hid $2b worth of rare tuna. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 23 November 2007, from: http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2006/08/11/1154803102432.html.

Davidson R. J., Villouta E., Cole R. G., Barrier R. G. F. (2002). Effects of marine reserve protection on spiny lobster (Jasus edwardsii) abundance and size at Tonga Island Marine Reserve,New Zealand. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 12: 213-227.

Desombre, E.R. (2005). Fishing Under Flags of Convenience: Using Market Power to Increase Compliance with International Regulations. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Dietz, Walt. (n.d). Wetlands the Vital Link. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www.fish.state.pa.us/anglerboater/2001/mj2001/vitalink.htm.

Division of Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea. (10 December 1984). United Nations Convention on The Law of the Sea. Retrieved 12 November 2007, from: http://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/convention_overview_convention.htm.

Doerr, J. (2006, September 3). California's Global-Warming Solution. Time Magazine: http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1531324,00.html.

Dr. Shin, P. K. S. (2005). Shellfish used as a Fish Farm biofilter. Research Frontiers. Retrieved 25 November 2007, from http://www.ugc.edu.hk/rgc/rgcnews10/Pages/2b%20Biofilter-E.html.

Duke University. Mining vs. Farming: The International State of the Fisheries. Retrieved 17 November 2007, from the World Wide Web: http://www.biology.duke.edu/bio217/2002/fish/state.html.

Duswn, A.  (14 June 2007).  America's Most Polluted Beaches. MSNBC.com. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19214761.

E

EarthNet's "DriftNetwork" Program. International Law Governing Driftnet Fishing on the High Seas. Retrieved 16 November 2007, from: http://www.earthtrust.org/dnpaper/intllaw.html.

Ecological Society of America.  (1997).  Ecosystem Services: Benefits supplied to human societies by natural ecosystems.  Issues in Ecology 2: pg. unkwn.

Ecosystem Principles Advisory Panel. (1998). Ecosystem-Based Fishery Management. Retrieved November 18, 2007, from Office of Sustainable Fisheries Web site: http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/sfa/EPAPrpt.pdf.

Elzinga, Salzer, Willoughby, & Gibbs. Measuring and Monitoring Plant and Animal Populations. Malden, MA: Blackwell Science.

Encyclopedia of Nations. (2007). Japan - fishing. Author. Retrieved November 22, 2007, from http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Asia-and-Oceania/Japan-FISHING.html.

Enviornment News Service. (2007, November 20). Japan's whaling fleet sails despite international censure. International Daily Newswire. Retrieved November 22, 2007, from http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/nov2007/2007-11-20-01.asp

Environment Canada (2001). Why is sediment important? Retrieved 2 November 2007, from: http://www.ec.gc.ca/Water/en/nature/sedim/e_effect.htm.

Environmental Protection Agency. (1988). Biological Criteria/Role in WQS. Retrieved 22 November 2007, from: http://www.epa.state.oh.us/dsw/documents/BioCrit88_Vol1PartB.pdf.

EPA. (2002). Oil Pollution Prevention and Response; Non-Transportation-Related Onshore and Offshore Facilities; Final Rule.

European Inland Fisheries Advisory Commission (EIFAC). (1964). Water quality criteria for European freshwater fish. Report on Finely Divided Solids and Inland Fisheries. European Inland Fisheries Advisory Commission. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome. EIFAC/1. 21p.

Evans, R. D., Russ, G. R.  (2004). Larger biomass of targeted reef fish in no-take marine reserves on the Great Barrier Reef. Aquatic Conservation, 14(5): 505-519.

F

FAO Fisheries Department. (n.d.). FAO Fisheries Department - Glossary. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from FAO Fisheries Department Web site: http://www.fao.org/fi/glossary/default.asp.

Finding Nemo...and Eating Him: The Failure of the United Nations to Force Internalization of the Negative Social Costs that Result from Overfishing. Washington University. Retrieved November 22, 2007, from: http://law.wustl.edu/wugslr/issues/volume5_2/p381Cantrell.pdf

Finlayson, M., (2006). Wetlands International Annual Review 2006. Retrieved from: http://www.wetlands.org/publication.aspx?ID=c76e4f7a-41c5-4aca-9a73-ffc5e69f5d89.

Fisheries and aquaculture. (n.d.). In US National Assessment of the Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change Climate Change and its Consequences on the Gulf Coast Region of the US:  Gulf Coast Regional Workshop Report (Chap. 5).  Retrieved October 26, 2007, from http://www.usgcrp.gov/usgcrp/nacc/gulfcoastworkshop.htm.

Fishing Methods (n.d.). Retrieved September 13, 2007, from: http://www.starfish.govt.nz/science/facts/fact-methods.htm.

Flower Garden Banks, National Marine Sanctuary. (2007) From Snappers to Sanctuaries. Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://flowergarden.noaa.gov/about/history.html.

Follows, M. J., Dutkiewicz, S., Grant, S., & Chisholm, S. W. (2007). Emergent Biogeography of Microbial Communities in a Model Ocean. Science,3 15(5820), 1843-1846. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/315/5820/1843.

Food And Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (1999). Special Ministeral Conference On Agriculture in Small Developing States (Electronic version). FAO.

Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. (2000). Plan of action project for agriculture in the small developing nations. Mexico: FAO. Retrieved November 21, 2007, from http://www.fao.org/docrep/meeting/X4444E.htm

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2007). The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2006. Rome: Communication Division FAO.

Francisco, E., (2004, April 10). Tales of the Undammed. Science News. Retrieved 28 October 2007, from http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20040410/bob9.asp.

G

Gabriel, O., ed. (2005). Fish catching methods of the world. Oxford, UK; Ames, IA: Blackwell Publishing. 

Gabriel, O., ed. (2005). Fish catching methods of the world. Oxford, UK; Ames, IA: Blackwell Publishing. ICES. (2005). Joint Report of the Study Group on Unaccounted Fishing Mortality (SGUFM) and the Workshop on Unaccounted Fishing Mortality (WKUFM). Aberdeen, UK: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Retrieved November 22, 2007, from http://www.ices.dk/reports/FTC/2005/SGUFM05.pdf.

Gagosian, Robert B. (January 27, 2003). Abrupt Climate Change: Should We Be Worried? Retrieved October 26, 2007, from http://www.whoi.edu/page.do?pid=12455&tid=282&cid=9986.

Galbraith, R. D., & Rice, A. (2004). An Introduction to Commerical Fishing Gear and Methods Used in Scotland. Retrieved 13 September 2007, from: http://www.marlab.ac.uk/FRS.Web/Uploads/Documents/Fishing%20Gear.pdf.

Garcia, Serge M. and Moreno, Ignatio De Leiva. "Global Overview of Marine Fisheries".Web extension to Fisheries Watch. [WWW Document] URL http://www.fisherieswatch.org/docs/237.pdf. (visited 2007, November 9)

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre and Stephen V. Smith (Lead Authors); J. Emmett Duffy (Topic  Editor). 2007. "Coastal zone." In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds.

Gell, F. R. and Roberts, C. M. (2003). The Fisheries Effects of Marine Reserves and Fisheries Closures.  Washington,DC: World Wildlife Fund.

Gerlotto, F., Soria, M., & Freon, P. (1999). From two dimensions to three: The use of multibeam sonar for a new approach in fisheries acoustics. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 56(1), 6.

Gille, S. T. et al. (2002) "Warming of the Southern Ocean Since the 1950's" Science 295, 1275-1277.

Godo, O., & Michalsen, K. (2000). Migratory Behavior of North-East Arctic Cod, Studied by use of Data Storage Tags. Fisheries Research, 48, 127-140. Retrieved November 23, 2007, ICES. (2005). Report of the Workshop on Survey Design and Data Analysis. Sete, FR: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Retrieved November 21, 2007, from http://www.ices.dk/reports/FTC/2005/WKSAD05.pdf.

Go�i R., Quetglas A., Re�ones O. (2006). Spillover of spiny lobsters Palinurus elephas from a marine reserve to an adjoining fishery. Marine Ecology Progress Series 308: 207-219.

Gorez, B. (2003). ACP EU fisheries relations: towards greater sustainability. Brussels: CTA. Retrieved November 22, 2007, from http://hdl.handle.net/1834/891.

Grafton, R. Q., Kompas, T., and Pham, V. H. (2006). The Economic Payoffs from Marine Reserves: Resource Rents in a Stochastic Environment. Economic Record 82(259): 469-480.

Great Fishing Needs Great Habitat. (1997). Retrieved 29 October 2007, from: http://www.fish.state.pa.us/anglerboater/2001/jf2001/greathab.htm.

Greenpeace.  (2003) Icelandic Whaling.  Retrieved 17 November 2007, from: http://www.greenpeace.org/international/campaigns/oceans/whaling/icelandic-whaling.

Greenpeace.  (2007a) Whale Watching and Marine Sanctuaries.   Retrieved 17 November 2007, from: http://www.greenpeace.org/new-zealand/campaigns/oceans/whales/whale-watching-sanctuary.

Greenpeace.  (2007b). Iceland Stops Commercial Whale Hunt.  Retrieved 17 November 2007, from: http://www.greenpeace.org/international/news/iceland-ends-commercial-whale-240807.

Guen�tte, S., Pitcher T. J., Walters C. J.  (2000). The Potential of Marine Reserves for the management of Northern Cod in Newfoundland.  Bulletin of Marine Science, 66(3): 831-852.

Gunther, M. (2006). "Saving Seafood: Wal-Mart has unsentimental business reasons for promoting sustainable fishing practices." CNNMoney.com Retrieved November 22, 2007, from http://money.cnn.com/2006/07/25/news/companies/pluggedin_gunther_fish.fortune/index.htm.

H

Haberstock, A.E., Nichols, H.G., DesMeules, M.P., Wright, J.,Christensen, J.M., and Hudnut, D.H., (2000.) Method to Identify Effective Riparian Buffer Widths for Atlantic Salmon Habitat [Electronic Version]. Journal of the American Water Resources Association. 36, 6, 1271-1286.

Hahn, S. (2007, October 17) Historic new protections could save our shores.  Metroactive (Santa Cruz,CA) online edition: http://www.metroactive.com/metro/10.17.07/news2-0742.html.

Hall, S. J., & Mainprize, B. (2004). Towards Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management. Fish and Fisheries, 5 (1), 1-20.

Hannon, Ewin. (2007, July 9). Climate to put heat on fish stocks. The Austalian. URL http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,22040318-30417,00.html.

Harley, C. D. G., et all (2006). The Impacts of Climate Change in Coastal Marine Systems. Ecology Letters, 9, 228-241.

Hayden, A., & Conkling, P. (2007, June). Toward ecosystem-based management. National Fisherman, 88 (2), 9. Retrieved November 18, 2007, from ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry database.

Haysa, G. C., Richardsonb, A. J., & Robinson, C. (2005). Climate Change and Marine Plankton. ScienceDirect , 337-344.

Heeb, Johannes. (2000). Waste water use in southern China. Seecon Innovations For sustainable Development. Retrieved November 23, 2007 from http://www.seecon.ch/englisch/en_english/en_projects/en_southern_china.html.

Helfman, G. S. (2007). Fish Conservation. Washington: Island Press.

Helvarg, D. (2001).  People in the Ocean, Seafood Diet? Blue frontier:  Saving America's Livign Seas.  New York, New York:  W. H. Freeman and Company.

Hermsen, J. M., Collie, J. S., Valentine, P. C. (2003). Mobile fishing gear reduces benthic megafaunal production on Georges Bank.  Marine Ecology Progress Series 260: 97-108.

Hernandez-Miranda, E., Ojeda, F. P. (2006). Inter-annual variability in somatic growth rates and mortality of coastal fishes off central Chile: an ENSO driven process? Marine Biology, 149, 925-936.

Human Appropriation of the World's Fresh Water. (2000). Retrieved 28 October 2007, from University of Michigan Web site: http://www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange2/current/lectures/freshwater_supply/freshwater.html.

Hyrenbach, D., Worm, B., Fonteneau, A., Gilman, E. (2007). Using Marine Reserves to Protect Highly Migratory Species: Scientists Discuss Potential Strategies, Including Mobile MPAs. MPA news 8: 1-3

I

ICES. (2006). Report of the ICES Advisory Committee on Fishery Management, Advisory Committee on the Marine Environment and Advisory Committee on Ecosystems.

ICES. (2006). Report on the Study Group on Collection of Acoustic Data from Fishing Vessels. Hobart, Tasmania: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Retrieved November 21, 2007, from http://www.ices.dk/reports/FTC/2006/SGAFV06.pdf.

Ichikawa, Atsunobu. (Ed.). (2004). Global Warming-The Research Challenges: A Report of Japan's Global Warming Initiative. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.

Information Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China. (1998). The Development of China's Marine Programs.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2001). Climate Change 2001: IPCC Third Assessment Report. Joling, Dan. (2007, September 18) Mayors gather in Alaska to discuss their cities' response to global warming. Associated Press. Retrieved November 7, 2007, from http://www.ccchina.gov/cn/en/NewsInfo.asp?NewsId=5954.

International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. "About us - What do we do?" Retrieved 15 November 2007, from: http://www.ices.dk/aboutus/aboutus.asp.

International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. (2002). The ICES Strategic Plan. Copenhagen, DK. Retrieved 15 November 2007, from: http://www.ices.dk/iceswork/strategic%20plan-final.pdf.

International Fund for Animal Welfare. (2006). 82% of young people in Iceland never eat whale meat. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://www.ifaw.org/ifaw/general/default.aspx?oid=178538.

International Fund for Animal Welfare. (2007). Iceland signals an end to its commercial whaling enterprise due to lack of consumer demand. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http:///www.ifaw.org/ifaw/general/default.aspx?oid=220372.

INTERNATIONAL PLAN OF ACTION TO PREVENT, DETER AND ELIMINATE ILLEGAL, UNREPORTED AND UNREGULATED FISHING. (2001). Retrieved November 22, 2007, from http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/003/y1224e/y1224e00.HTM.

International Seabed Authority. (2007). Retrieved 21 November 2007, from the World Wide Web: http://www.isa.org.jm/en/about.

International Union for the Conservation of Nature. (2007).  Protecting Oceans will help millions of people survive climate change. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www.iucn.org/en/news/archive/2007/04/10_pr_oceans.htm+oceans+help+people+by&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=7&gl=us&client=firefox.

International Whaling Commission. (2007). Catch Limits. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from: http://www.iwcoffice.org/conservation/catches.htm.

International Whaling Commission. (2007). Commission Information. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from: http://www.iwcoffice.org/commission/iwcmain.htm.

International Whaling Commission. (2007). Scientific Permits. Retrieved 19 November 2007, from: http://www.iwcoffice.org/conservation/permits.htm.

International Whaling Commission. (2007). Whale Population Estimates. Retrieved 19 November 2007, from: http://www.iwcoffice.org/conservation/estimate.htm.

International Whaling Commission. (2007). Whale Sanctuaries. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://www.iwcoffice.org/conservation/sanctuaries.htm.

J

Jameson, S.C, J.W. McManus, and M.D. Spalding. (1995). State of the Reefs: Regional and Global Perspectives. Washington, D.C., ICRI., U.S. Department of State.

Japan. (2007). In _Student's Encyclopedia_. Retrieved November 24, 2007, from Britannica Student Encyclopedia: http://student.britannica.com/comptons/article-203219.

Jensen, A. L. (1975). Comparison of Logistic Equations for Population Growth. Biometrics, 31(4), 853-862. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0006-341X%28197512%2931%3A4%3C853%3ACOLEFP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Z.

Jensen, A. L. (1975). Comparison of Logistic Equations for Population Growth. Biometrics, 31(4), 853-862. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0006-341X%28197512%2931%3A4%3C853%3ACOLEFP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Z.

Johns et al., (2001). Socioeconomic study of reefs in southeast Florida. Report by Hazen and Sawyer under contract to Broward County, Florida. 225 pp.

Johnson D. R., Funicelli N. A. , Bohnsack J. A. (1999). Effectiveness of an Existing Estuarine No-Take Fish Sanctuary within the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 19(2): 436-453.

Jones, I. S., & Young, H. E. (1997). Engineering a large sustainable world fishery. Cambridge Journals: Environmental Conservation , 99-104.

Jones, J. B. (1992). Environmental impact of trawling on the seabed: a review. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 26, 59-67.

Jones, J. B. (1992). Environmental impact of trawling on the seabed: a review [Electronic Version]. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 26, 59-67.

Jones, O. and R. Endean. (1976). Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs, vols. 2 & 3. New York: Academic Press Inc. pp. 216-250.

Jones, P. (2004).  Collective Action Problems Posed by No-Take Zones. London,United Kingdom: Remax House.

Jones, P.D., T.J. Osborn, K.R. Briffa, C.K. Folland, E.B. Horton, L.V. Alexander, D.E. Parker and N.A. Rayner, 2001: Adjusting for sampling density in grid box land and ocean surface temperature time series. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 3371-3380.

Joyce, T., Bice, K., Curry, R., Doney, S., & Winsor, P. (2007). Global Warming Q&A : Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://www.whoi.edu/page.do?pid=12457&tid=282&cid=13366.

K

Kakuchi, S. (2003, June 28). Japan's fishing industry in peril. Asia Times. Retrieved November 22, 2007, from http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Japan/EF28Dh03.html

Kassebaum, David. (1997). Cod War: Iceland Fishing and Territorial Water Dispute with the UK. Retrieved November 21, 2007, from: http://www.american.edu/TED/icefish.htm

Kearny, B. (2000).  National System of Protected Ocean Areas would Promote Ecosystem-based Approach to Conservation and Management.   The National Academics.  Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www8.nationalacademies.org/onpinews/newsitem.aspx?RecordID=9994.

Kesich, G.D. & Bell, T. (2007, June 22). Fishery council keeps limits on days at sea. Portland Press Herald. Retrieved November 18, 2007, from http://pressherald.mainetoday.com/story.php?id=116294&ac=PHnws.

Knutsen, H., Jorde, P. E., Andre, C., & Stenseth, N. C. (2003). Fine-scaled geographical population structuring in a highly mobile marine species: The atlantic cod. Molecular ecology, 12(2), 385-394.

Koeppel, P. (9 November 2007). The marketing of an inconvenient truth. Ezine.

Koh, T.T.B. A Constitution for the Oceans. Retrieved 12 November 2007, from the UN Division of Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea: http://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/convention_overview_convention.htm.

Kruse, Gordon H. (1998). Salmon Run Failures in 1997-1998: A Link to Anomalous Ocean Conditions? [Electronic version]. Alaska Fishery Research Bulletin, Vol. 5 No. 1, 54-63.

Kura, Y., Revenga, C., Hoshino, E., & Mock, G. (2004). Fishing for Answers: Making Sense of the Global Fish Crisis. Washington: World Resources Institute.

Kurlansky, M. (1998). Cod: A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World. Random House of Canada.

L

Laist, D.W. (1996). Marine Debris Entanglement and Ghost Fishing: A Cryptic and Significant type of Bycatch?. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, AK. p.33-40.

Law, B.E. and Pyrell, N.A. Mangroves-Florida's Coastal Trees Forest Resources and Conservation Fact Sheet FRC-43. University of Florida/Cooperative Extension Service/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences.

Lee County Government. Mangroves. Retrieved 22 November 2007, from: http://www.lee-county.com/DCD/Environmental/Mangroves.htm.

Liu Y., Qiu J.Problems and possible solutions of our country's marine reserves.  National Oceanic Administration Institute of Marine Development Strategy.

Loss on Ocean Ecosystem Services. Science Magazine, 314, 787-790.  Retrieved 19 October 2007, from: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/314/5800/787?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=impacts+of+biodiversity+loss&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&resourcetype=HWCIT.

Lovei, Magda. (1998). The World Bank technical paper No. 397 phasing out lead from gasoline (Electronic version). Washington, DC: The World Bank.

Lucas, M., & Baras, E. (2000). Methods for Studying Spatial Behaviour of Freshwater Fishes in the Natural Environment. Fish and Fisheries, 1, 283-316.

Lutz, K. J., (n.d.) A Fish and Livestock Tale. Retrieved 8 November 2007, from: http://www.fish.state.pa.us/anglerboater/2001/01_nov-dec/AFishandLivestockTale.pdf.

M

Macmillan Reference USA. (2006). Fishing Industry-Japan. Encyclopedia of Modern Asia.

Madin, L. P. (2001). Fisheries, Oceanography and Society Symposium Series:  Marine Protected Areas: Introduction and Summary.  Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.  Retrieved 15 November 2007, from: http://www.whoi.edu/page.do?pid=11342.

Maguire, K. (2007, October 23). U.S. denies request to aid fishermen. The Boston Globe. Retrieved November 18, 2007, from http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2007/10/23/us_denies_request_to_aid_fishermen.

Maldives information. (2007). Rankings, Records, Countries of the World. Retrieved 25 November 2007, from: http://www.aneki.com/Maldives.html.

Marasco, R. J., Goodman, D., Grimes, C. B., Lawson, P. W., et al. (2007). Ecosystem-based fisheries management: some practical suggestions. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 64(6), 928-939. Retrieved November 18, 2007, from Sciences Module database.

Marian Koshland Science Museum of the National Academy of Sciences (2007). Global Warming Facts and Our Future. Retrieved 17 November 2007, from: http://koshlandscience.org/exhibitgcc/causes04.jsp.

Marine Conservation Alliance. (2007, June) International Agreement Needed to Protect Arctic Fisheries. Retrieved November 3, 2007 from http://www.marineconservationalliance.org/press/pr20070612.pdf.

Marine Protected Areas of the United States (2007), Retrieved November 20, 2007, from National Marine Protected Areas Center: Case Studies - Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary: http://

Marine Resources Assessment Group (2000). Impact of Fisheries Subsidies on Developing Countries. Retrieved November 23, 2007 from: http://www.onefish.org/servlet/BinaryDownloaderServlet?filename=1079973819915_DFIDSUMMARYNOV2000.doc&refID=20413.

Mark, F. C., Bock, C., and P�rtner H. O. (2002) "Oxygen-limited thermal tolerance in Antarctic Fish investigated by MRI P-31 MRS" Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 283. 1254-1262.

Marshall, P. (1998). Fishing operations. 1. Vessel monitoring systems. Retrieved 22 November 2007, from: http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/w9633e/w9633e00.HTM.

Mathews-Amos, A., & Berntson, E. A. (1999). Turning Up the Heat: How Global Warming Threatens Life in the Sea.

Matsuoka, T., Nakashima, T., & Nagasawa, N. (2005). A Review of Ghost Fishing: Scientific Approaches to Evaluation and Solutions. Fisheries Science, 71(4), 691-702.

McClanahan, T. R., Verheij, E., Maina, J. (2006) Comparing the management effectiveness of a marine park and a multiple-use collaborative fisheries management area in East Africa.  Aquatic Conservation 16: 147-165.

Merriam-Webster Dictionary. (2006-2007). Bycatch.  Retrieved 17 November 2007 from: http://www.m-w.com/dictionary.

Milazzo, M. (2000). The World Bank: Subsidies in World Fisheries: A Re-examination. Technical Paper, No. 406, 4-6.

MIT Sea Grant. (1998). Model Tests and Operational Optimization of Self-Propelled Open-Ocean Fish Farm. Haifa, Israel: Goudey.

Molenaar, E. J. (2004). Unregulated Deep-Seas Fisheries:  A need for a multi-level approach.  International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 19(3):  223-246.

Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute.  (2007).  MARS - The Monterey Accelerated Research System.  Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.mbari.org/mars.

Morgan, G. R. (2001). Individual Quota Management in Fisheries - Methodologies for Determining Catch Quotas and Initial Quota Allocation. Retrieved November 21, 2007, from FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) Corporate Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/003/W7292E/W7292E00.HTM.

MSC Executive. (2005). Information Sheet 4: Costs Explained. Retrieved November 22, 2007, from http://www.msc.org/assets/docs/fishery_certification/InfoSheet4_Costs.pdf.

Muller, George C. (2007). Timeline of Commercial Whaling. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://www.cgeorgemuller.com/timeline.htm.

Munro, Margaret. (2006). 2050 the year of no more fish, scientists warn. CanWest News Service. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://www.canada.com/topics/news/world/story.html?id=3b78aea6-3ce6-4e2b-a840-5d610d944f74&k=50888.

N

NASA Satellite Measures Earth's Carbon Metabolism (2003). Earth Observatory, http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NPP/npp.html.

National Academy of Public Administration. (2000).  Protecting our National Marine Sanctuaries.  Washington, DC.

National Geographic News. (15 May 2003). Big-Fish Stocks Fall 90 Percent Since 1950, Study Says. Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/05/0515_030515_fishdecline.html.

National Marine Fisheries Service. (2006). Per Capita Consumption. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 18 November 2007, from: http://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/st1/fus/fus06/08_perita2006.pdf.

National Marine Protected Areas Center. (2006). Archives-What MPAs Provide the Nation.  Retrieved 17 Nov. 2007, from: http://mpa.gov/helpful_resources/archives/benefits.html#social.

National Marine Protected Areas Center. (2006). Ecological Characterization Project.   Retrieved 21 Nov. 2007, from: http://mpa.gov/pdf/national-system/wcp-eco-character-june9.pdf.

National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration, Fisheries Statistics Division. (2007). By the Numbers: Saltwater Fishing Facts for 2006. from: http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/sfa/PartnershipsCommunications/recfish/BytheNumbers2006.pdf.

National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration, Fisheries Statistics Division. (2007). By the Numbers: Saltwater Fishing Facts for 2006. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/sfa/PartnershipsCommunications/recfish/BytheNumbers2006.pdf.

Natural Resources Management and Environment Department. (1996). Fisheries and food security. Rome: FAO Corporate Document Depository. Retrieved November 23, 2007 from http://193.43.36.103/DOCREP/x0262e/x0262e09.htm.

Navigs s.a.r.l. (2005). Fishing Vessel Monitoring Systems: Past, Present, and Future. Retrieved 23 November 2007, from: http://www.high-seas.org/docs/hstf_vms_final1.pdf.

New Zealand Biodiversity. (2004). Marine reserves protect the marine environment - new report. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www.biodiversity.govt.nz/news/media/current/01oct04.html.

Newcombe, C.P., and D.D. MacDonald. 1991. Effects of suspended sediment on aquatic ecosystems. North Amer. J. Fish. Management. 11:72-82.

Newcombe, C.P., and J.O.T. Jensen. (1996). Channel suspended sediment and fisheries: A synthesis for quantitative assessment of risk and impact. North Amer. J. Fish. Management 16: 693-727.

Nieminen, M., Ahti, E., Nousiainen, H., Joensuu, S. & Vuollekoski, M. 2005. Capacity of riparian buffer zones to reduce sediment concentrations in discharge  from peatlands drained for forestry. Silva Fennica 39(3): 331-339.

NOAA Fisheries Northeast Regional Offices (2007). Vessel Management System Regulations. Retrieved 20 November 2007, from: http://www.nero.noaa.gov/nero/fishermen/multispecies/gom/VMSRegs.htm.

NOAA Fisheries Service. (6 August 2007). Annual Commercial Landing Statistics. Retrieved 17 November 2007, from: http://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/st1/commercial/landings/annual_landings.html.

NOAA fisheries service. (September 25, 2007). Fishery Quotas. Retrieved November 7, 2007, from http://sero.nmfs.noaa.gov/quotas/quotas.htm.

NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service. (2007). The Magnuson-Stevens fishery conservation and management act (Electronic Version). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce.\

NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce and the U.S. Department of the Interior. (Revised November 13, 2007), Science and Analysis. Retrieved November 18, 2007, from National Marine Protected Areas Center: http://mpa.gov/science_analysis/science_analysis.html.

NOAA. (2 December 2004). Importance of Coral Reefs. Retrieved 22 November 2007, from: http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/corals/coral07_importance.html.

NOAA. (2007). NOAA 10-year plan for Marine Aquaculture. Washington, D.C.

NOAA. Research Vessel Surveys. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association. Retrieved November 21, 2007, from http://www.nefsc.noaa.gov/esb/why_nefsc_surveys.htm.

Nugent, D. L. (2006). Evaluation of environmental youth internet forums for small island nations.

Numprasertchai, S., Igel, B. Managing knowledge through collaboration: multiple case studies of managing research in university laboratories in Thailand. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2004.03.001.

O

Oceans and Law of the Sea: Division for Ocean Affairs and Law of the Sea. (23 October 2007). United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982. Retrieved 12 November 2007, from: http://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/convention_overview_convention.htm.

OECD Glossary of Statistical Terms--Total Allowable Catch. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2007, from OECD Web site: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=2713.

Oguz, Temel. (2007).  Nonlinear response of Black Sea pelagic fish stocks to over-exploitation. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 345:211-228.

Orange Roughy: delicacy from the deep. (2003, May 28). Retrieved November 16, 2007, from Starfish: Student and Teacher Resource: http://www.starfish.govt.nz.

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). (2001, November 14). OECD Glossary of Statistical Terms--Maximum Sustainable Yield. Retrieved November 21, 2007, from OECD Web site: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=3075.

Orr, James W. (2004). Fish. Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia Standard.

P

PA Fish and Boat Commission. (n.d.) The Basics of Water Pollution.  Retrieved 29 October 2007, from: http://www.fish.state.pa.us/anglerboater/2001/jf2001/waterpoll.pdf.

Pacific Fishery Management Council (PFMC). http://www.pcouncil.org.

Pauly, D. (2007)  Lecture.  Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA.

Penland, J. (11 November 2006). No Fish by 2050. ScienCentral News. Retrieved 21 November 2007, from the World Wide Web: http://www.sciencentral.com/articles/view.php3?type=article&article_id=218392867

Pennington, M., & Volstad, J. H. (1994). Assessing the Effect of Intra-Haul Correlation and Variable Density on Estimates of Population Characteristics from Marine Surveys. Biometrics, 50(3), 725-732. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0006-341X%28199409%2950%3A3%3C725%3AATEOIC%3E2.0.CO%3B2-K.

Pennsylvania's 10 Least Wanted. (n.d.) Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission. Retrieved 22 November 2007, from: http://www.fish.state.pa.us/anglerboater/2001/so2001/leastpostr.pdf.

Perrings, Charles (2000). Sustainability indicators for fisheries in integrated coastal  area management. Marine and Freshwater Research 51, 513-522.

Peterson, B., et all (2006). The state of the California current, 2005-2006: Warm in the North, cool in the South. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports, 47, 30-74.

Phytoplankton imaging and monitoring data from the Flow Cytometer And Microscope (FlowCAM). (2007, November). Retrieved November 17, 2007, from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center: http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov.

Pikitch, et al. (2004) Ecosystem-Based Fishery Management. Science, 305 (5682), 346-347.

Pollack, A. (1997).  Mercury mostly gone from bay in Japan, still poisons town's life.  23 August 1997.  The New York Times.

Portland State University. (October 2006). Ballast Water Management on the Columbia River. Retrieved 22 November 2007, from: http://www.psat.wa.gov/Programs/ANS/ColumbiaRiverBWReportFinal.pdf.

Possingham, H.P., Ball, I. R., Andleman, S. (2000). Mathematical methods for identifying representative reserve networks.   Quantitative Methods for Conservation Biology.  New York,New York: Springer-Verlag.

Purdue University. (2004). The Threats and Benefits of G.M. Fish. West Lafayette, Indiana: Muir.

Q

Quantifying the effects of wind, upwelling, curl, sea surface temperature and sea level height on growth and maturation of a California Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) population. Fisheries Oceanography, 16 (4), 363--382.

Quick Facts. Soy In Aquaculture. Retrieved November 25, 2007, from http://soyaqua.org/quickfacts.html.

R

Reaka-Kudla, M. (1997). The global biodiversity of coral reefs: a comparison with rain forests. In: Reaka-Kudla, M., D.E. Wilson, E.O. Wilson (eds.), Biodiversity II: Understanding and Protecting our Biological Resources. Washington, D.C.: Joseph Henry Press. pp. 83-108.

Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative: An Initiative of the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic States of the U.S. Retrieved 16 November 2007, from: http://www.rggi.org/index.htm.

Richardson, C., (2000). Migratory Fish Restoration. Retrieved October 28, 2007, from http://www.fish.state.pa.us/anglerboater/2000/maju00/migrestr.pdf.

Roberts, C.M, et al. (1997). Effects of Marine Reserves on Adjacent Fisheries. Science 294:1920-1923.

Robichaud, D., Rose, G. A. (2004) Migratory behavior and range in Atlantic Cod: inference from a century of tagging.  Fish and Fisheries 5: 185-214.

The Role of Regional Fishery Bodies in Conservation and Management of Resources (1999). Food and Agriculture Organization. Retrieved 17 November 2007, from: http://www.fao.org/fi/website/MultiQueryAction.do.

Rose, K. A., Cowan, J. H., Winemiller, K. O., Myers, R. A., & Hilborn, R. (2001). Compensatory density dependence in fish populations: Importance, controversy, understanding and prognosis. Fish and Fisheries, 2(4), 293-327.  UniversityofNorth Carolina. Wetland Protection Plan. Retrieved November 2, 2007, from: http://ils.unc.edu/parkproject/resource/scorp/scorp_ch6.pdf.

Roussel, J., Haro, A., & Cunjak, R. (2000). Field Test of a New Method for Tracking Small Fishes in Shallow Rivers Using Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) Technology. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 57.

Russ, G. R., Alcala, A. C., Maypa, A.P.(2003). Spillover from marine reserves: The case of Naso vlamingii at ApoIsland, The Philippines.  Marine Ecological Progress Series 264: 15-20.

S

Safina, C. (n.d.). Scorched-Earth Fishing. Retrieved 27 September 2007, from: http://issues.org/14.3/safina.htm.

Schrank, W. (2003). Introducing Fisheries Subsidies. +FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, 437,+ 1-5United Nations Division for Sustainable Development. (2004). Agenda 21, Chapter 34. Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/documents/agenda21/english/agenda21chapter34.htm.

Schwarz, C. J., Schweigert, J. F., & Arnason, A. N. (1993). Estimating Migration Rates Using Tag-Recovery Data. Biometrics, 49(1), 177-193. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://links.jstor.org.libproxy.mit.edu/sici?sici=0006-341X%28199303%2949%3A1%3C177%3AEMRUTD%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Z.

ScienCentral News. (11 November 2006). No Fish by 2050. Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.sciencentral.com/articles/view.php3?type=article&article_id=218392867.

Sell, R. (1993). Tilapia. NDSU. Retrieved November 25, 2007, from http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/pubs/alt-ag/tilapia.htm.

Smith, R. Resolving the Tragedy of the Commons by Creating Private Property Rights in Wildlife. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www.cato.org/pubs/journal/cj1n2-1.html.

Spain, Glen H. (2007). Global Climate Change and the Fishing Industry. [Electronic Version]. Fishermen's News of March. Retrieved November 1, 2007, from http://www.pcffa.org/fn-mar07.htm.

Staff Writers. (2007). Northrop Grummen to compete for U.S. Coast Guard Nationwide Automatic Identification System. Retrieved 20 November 2007, from: http://www.spacewar.com/reports/Northrop_Grumman_To_Compete_For_US_Coast_Guard_Nationwide_Automatic_Identification_System_999.html.

Stefansson, G. (2003). Multi-species and Ecosystem Models in a Management Context. In M. Sinclair, & G. Valdimarsson (Eds.), Responsible Fisheries in the Marine Ecosystem (pp. 171-188). Oxford: CABI.

Stellwagen Bank Marine Sanctuary.  (2007).  About the Sanctuary: Frequently Asked Questions. Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://stellwagen.noaa.gov/about/faq.html.

Sumaila, U.R. & Pauly, D. (2006). "Catching More Bait: A Bottom-up Re-estimation of Global Fisheries Subsidies." Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://www.oceana.org/fileadmin/oceana/uploads/dirty_fishing/cut_the_bait/2007_Subs_outreach_kit/Pauly___Sumaila_Report_on_Subsidies_Oct06.pdf

Sutinen, J. G., & Soboil, M. (2003). The Performance of Fisheries Management Systems and the Ecosystem Challenge. In M. Sinclair, & G. Valdimarsson (Eds.), Responsible Fisheries in the Marine Ecosystem (pp. 291-309). Oxford: CABI.

Swain, A., & Caradine, P. E. (1960). An International Tagging Test with Salmon (Salmo Salar L.) Smolts. Nature, 188, 206-207. Retrieved November 23, 2007

T

Teisl, M.F., Roe, B. & Hicks, R.L. (2001). "Can Eco-labels Tune a Market? Evidence from Dolphin-Safe Labeling." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Vol 43.

TERRA. (2003).  Innovative solutions to finance Marine Reserves conservation in Spain. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www.terracentro.org.

Tewfik A., Benen C. (2003). Effects of natural barriers on the spillover of a marine mollusc: implications for fisheries reserves. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 13: 473-488.

The Buchan Observer. (2006, December). Days-at-sea restrictions a major blow for Scots fleet. The Buchan Observer. Retrieved November 21 2007, from http://www.buchanie.co.uk/archived/2006/week_52/news/fishfleet.asp.

The European Commission. (14 March 2005). Fisheries and Maritime Affairs. Received 21 November 2007, from http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/fisheries/missn_en.htm.

The National Marine Sanctuaries Act. (1972). 16 United States Code � 1431.

The Pew Charitable Trust. Pew Oceans Commission. Retrieved 21 November 2007, from the World Wide Web: http://www.pewtrusts.org/our_work.aspx?category=130.

The UN Millennium Development Goals (2005) What Are the Millennium Development Goals? Retrieved 11/21/2007 form website: http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals.

Thurman, H. V.. Trujillo, A. P. (2002). Essentials of Oceanography. 7th Ed.  Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.

Tidwell, M. (2005). Goodbye New Orleans. Alter New. http://www.alternet.org/katrina/29274/?page=entire.

Tilapia Disease 101. In AmeriCulture, Inc. Retrieved 25 November 2007, from http://www.americulture.com/Disease.htm.

U

U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2006). Mangrove Swamps. Retrieved 22 November 2007, from: http://www.epa.gov/owow/wetlands/types/mangrove.html.

U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy. (2004). An Ocean Blueprint for the 21st Century: Final Report of the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy. Retrieved November 23, 2007 from http://www.oceancommission.gov/documents/full_color_rpt/000_ocean_full_report.pdf.

U.S. Department of Labor: Bureau of Labor Statistics. (4 August 2006). Fishers and Fishing Vessel Operators. Retrieved 16 November 2007, from: http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos177.htm.

U.S. Marine Protected Areas (2006), Vertical Zoning in MPAs and Understanding Benthic-Pelagic Linkages, Retrieved November 20, 2007, from U.S. Marine Protected Areas Website: http://mpa.gov/pdf/helpful-resources/factsheets/vert-zoning-n-bpl0306.pdf.

Ulanowicz, R. E., Tuttle, J. H.  (1992). The Trophic Consequences of Oyster Stock Rehabilitation in Chesapeake Bay.   Estuaries 15(3): 298-306.

UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (1999). The World at Six Billion. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/sixbillion/sixbillion.htm.

UNEP. (2006). Ecosystem and Biodiversity in Deep Sea Waters and High Seas. UNEP Regional Seas Reports and Studies No. 178 . University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (2007, August 9). Indo-Pacific Coral Reefs Disappearing More Rapidly Than Expected. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 9, 2007, from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/08/070808082051.htm.

United Nations Environment Program.  (2006) UNEP World Database on Protected Areas. Retrieved 11 November 2007,  from: http://www.unep-wcmc.org/wdpa.

United Nations. (2005). The UN Millennium Development Goals.   Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals.

United States Department of Commerce. (2006). Vessel Monitoring System Instructions. Retrieved 20 November 2007, from: http://www.nero.noaa.gov/nero/nr/nrdoc/nrphlo6/06vms_user_instructions1.pdf

V

Valdemarsen, J. W., & Suuronen, P. (2003). Modifying Fishing Gear to Achieve Ecosystem Objectives. In M. Sinclair, & G. Valdimarsson (Eds.), Responsible Fisheries in the Marine Ecosystem (pp. 321-341). Oxford: CABI.

Van der Duim, R., Henkens, R., &  Wageningen, (2007). Wetlands, poverty reduction and sustainable tourism developement, oppurtunities and constraints. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www.wetlands.org/publication.aspx?ID=8d31d63c-edef-4daa-b309-9674d6af52fa.

Verrengia, J. (n.d.) Nearly 1,000 whales drowning in fishing nets: study. Retrieved September 13, 2007, from: http://www.eurocbc.org/bycatch_death_toll_may_exceed_1000_cetaceans_daily_15june2003page1156.html.

Vymazal, J. (2007). Removal of nutrients in various types of constructed wetlands. Science of the Total Environment. Vol. 380, no. 1-3, pp. 48-65.

W

Walters, C. J. (2004). Fisheries Ecology and Management. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Watson, Alder, Walters. (2000). A dynamic mass-balance model for marine protected areas. Fish and Fisheries 1(1): 94-98.

Wessels, C.R., Donath, H. & Johnston, R.J. (1999). "U.S. Consumer Preferances for Ecolabeled Seafood: Results of a Consumer Survey." Retrieved November 21, 2007, from http://www.uri.edu/cels/enre/docs_CRoheim/ecolabel.pdf.

Western Indian Ocean. (2007, November) Web extension to Wildlife Conservation Society. Retrieved on November 6, 2007, from http://www.wcs.org/sw-home.

Wilcove, D.S., Rothstein, D., Dubow, J., Phillips, A., and E. Losos. (1998). Quantifying Threats to Imperiled Species in the United States. Bioscience. 48(8):607-615.

Wilkinson, Clive. (2000, May 24) "Status of Coral Reefs of the World". Web extension to Australian Institute of Marine Sciences. [WWW Document] URL http://www.aims.gov.au/pages/research/coral-bleaching/scr1998/scr-004.html (visited 2007, November 9)

Working Paper: Proposal for Marine Conservation by the Pronaturaleza Foundation: Mancora Bank, Tumbes/Piura, Peru (2004)

World Commission on Dams. (2000). Dams and Development: a New Framework for Decision Making. World Commission on Dams. Retrieved October 28, 2007, from http://www.dams.org.

Worm, B., Barbier, E.B., Beaumont, N., Duffy, J.E., Folke, C., Halpern, B.S., Jackson, J.B.C., Lotze, H.K., Micheli, F., Palumbi, S.R., Sala, E., Selkoe, K.A., Stachowicz, J.J., Watson, R. (3 November 2006). Impacts of Biodiversity Loss on Ocean Ecosystem Services. Science Magazine, 314, 787-790. Retrieved 19 October 2007, from: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/314/5800/787?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=impacts+of+biodiversity+loss&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&resourcetype=HWCIT

Worm, B., Barbier, E.B., Beaumont, N., Duffy, J.E., Folke, C., Halpern, B.S., Jackson, J.B.C., Lotze, H.K., Micheli, F., Palumbi, S.R., Sala, E., Selkoe, K.A., Stachowicz, J.J., Watson, R. (3 November 2006). Impacts of Biodiversity

Wray, L., & Flanagan, C. (2006). An inconvenient truth about youth. Electronic version. Washington Post, pp. A17. Retrieved 9 November 2007.

Wuest, A., Moosmann, L., & Friedl, G., Alpine Hydroelectric Power Plants and the "Long-Range Effects" on Downstream Waters [electronic version] (n.d). EAWAG, 55, Retrieved on October 17, 2007, from: http://www.eawag.ch/publications/eawagnews/www_en55/en55e_screen/en55e_wuest_s.pdf.

X

Xue, G. (2005). China And International Fisheries Law And Policy.

Y

Young, J. L., Bornik, Z. B., Marcotte, M. L., Charlie, K. N., Wagner, G. N., Hinch, S. G., et al. (2006). Integrating physiology and life history to improve fisheries management and conservation. Fish and Fisheries, 7 (4), 262-283.

Young, L. M., (1997). Fish Habitat and Flow: What's the Connection. Retrieved October 28, 2007, from http://www.fish.state.pa.us/anglerboater/2001/ma2001/habtflow.htm.  

Z

Zabel, R., Harvey, C., Katz, S., Good, T., Levin, P. Ecologically Sustainable Yield. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www.americanscientist.org/template/AssetDetail/assetid/17216?fulltext=true&print=yes.

Zhang, Q., Yang, H., Zhong, Y., et all (2005). An idealized study of the impact of extratropical climate change on El Nino--880.