So, from my research it has become clear that air hand dryers are much better for the environment, and much better for the operator's bank. However, air hand dryers provide a less-than-ideal scenario when it comes to sanitation and keeping hands clean after they have been washed. Below are my two ideas for improving the situation!
My first suggested redesign is to add a hand sanitizer station next to air hand dryers. This is to minigate the poor sanitization quality of air hand dryers--users can help save the planet by using air hand dryers still, but then they can use a small amount of hand sanitizer to keep their hands clean too. Also, this will give them the option to use hand sanitizer instead of washing their hands, which is supposed to be less good for you but it will help save water.
Joe Smith did a talk at TEDxConcordiaUPortland about optimizing the use of paper towels in hand-drying situations. His suggested technique is simple, yet effective: wash your hands, shake them 12 times into the sink, take ONE paper towel, fold it in half, and use the folded paper towel to dry your hands. He shoes in his talk that this technique works on all kinds of paper towels--from virgin to 100% recycled paper. Why 12 shakes? – Joe explains that it’s thorough enough, and it’s the largest number with only one syllable. Why fold? – Allows for interstitial suspension. This basically means that the water is able to occupy the interstitial space between the fold of the paper. Paired with this technique, I think it would be interesting to create a paper towel dispenser that only allows each user to take one paper towel when drying their hands.
As a side note: some bathrooms have both air hand dryers or paper towels. I find this setup to be redundant--you get the downfalls of each. You will have users choosing paper towels and contributing to the carbon footprint, and you will have users choosing the air hand dryer which will aerosolize bacteria. Based on my user observation as well, most users choose the paper towels in this situation, which causes the air hand dryer to be an unnecessary expense.