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Course Description: Examines the development of computing techniques and technology in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, particularly critical evaluation of how the idea of "computer" changes and evolves over time. Emphasis is on technical innovation, industrial development, social context, and the role of government. Topics include Babbage, Hollerith, differential analyzers, control systems, ENIAC, radar, operations research, computers as scientific instruments, the rise of "computer science," artificial intelligence, personal computers, and networks. Includes class visits by members of the MIT community who have made important historical contributions.

Prerequisites: General familiarity with computer architecture, some prior programming experience.

Grading:
  
     4 quizzes @ 15 % each = 60%
        Final paper 30%
        Attendance and participation 10%

Quizzes: There will be four quizzes over the course of the term, lasting about half of a class period. Quizzes will most be a series of identifications of terms from lectures and readings and are intended to be straightforward if you are keeping up the work in the class. The quizzes are February 22, March 13, April 10, April 24.

Final Paper: A 10-20 page paper is due on the last day of class, and students will present their projects in class on that day. Moe will be said about it when the time comes, but it should be a detailed discussion of some issue or topic raised during the course. Simulation projects of historical computers or web projects are also potentially acceptable, pending approval of the instructor. A one-page proposal/outline of the final paper will be due in mid-April, to allow for instructor feedback. Writing assignments will be graded on force of argument, clarity of presentation and relevance to course material. Proper citation practices should be followed throughout (ask if you are unsure of the details).