Image Summary: Day 18

Day 28: Stress and FormImage Summary

Images	Commentary
	This masonry wall that was built in Northern Italy hundreds of years ago depended upon the builder's understanding of strength and stability issues. The
	These two images are from walls that are in two very different climates. The left image is from the Toscana and the right image from the high Alps. The materials and their relative strengths are critical issues when considering strength and stability. Direct stress failures are rare; buckling more common. The horizontal wood element is acually the framing element of an old house. It does not bear upon the lower part of the wall, thus the wood beam must bear the load of the upper brick wall. How can you imagine that the reinforced concrete floor of the houseon the right is supported? upon which layer of brick?
	These columns are distinct. The concrete columnon the left is part of a RC frame. What are its end conditions? The steel column on the right is pinned at both ends. What are the relative states of stress in each? What are the shear and moment forces in each?
	These wooden coumns in David Niland's latest house are connected in a specific manner. What is is?
	The frame on the left is a pin connection, the one on the right a moment connection. What are the structural and construction implicaitons of each? What is the effect on the shear and moment diagrams? on the deflection behavior?
	Part of the lecture discussed the elements of stiffening and the appropriatness of the type of stiffening. The relationship between the horizontal diaphragms and the vertical shear elements was discussed. In addition the effect of materiality on the torsional resistance of a building was discussed.
	An intersting system.