The PRDC could not make the
PRG happen without partners both inside and outside of the city.
The City of Denver was both a supporter of the greenway (i.e. the
mayor’s office) and a polluter of the South Platte (the Department
of Public Works had a long history of dumping into the river). Some
bureaucrats from the city departments thought that the redevelopment
of the South Platte should have been done “in-house” but once the
PRDC was organized, Joe Shoemaker invited the city departments to
get involved in (and take some credit for) the effort – which dissolved
resistance on the part of the city departments. The Denver public
was generally supportive of the undertaking but the media, remembering
the past failures, was more skeptical - especially early on. With
time, successes, and a little convincing however, the media became
a strong advocate for the greenway. To help build support for the
PRG, Joe Shoemaker gave tours of the South Platte River before,
during, and after construction of the greenway to government employees,
representatives of the media, businessmen, and, perhaps most importantly,
potential donors.
The 1.9 million dollars from the City’s revenue
sharing funds was never meant to fund the entire project – it was
only a seed. The PRDC needed to find other sources of funding if
the PRG was to succeed. The PRDC had split the proposed greenway
into four sections to allow four pairs of committee members and
one engineering firm to focus on one section each (see image below)
– but it was not until after the PRDC’s application for a Bureau
of Outdoor Recreation grant was delayed by another Denver-based
organization competing for the funds, that the PRDC decided to focus
their efforts and available funds on the two northernmost sections
of the PRG first. Beyond the funding constraints, the decision to
do the northernmost sections first was influenced by the symbolic
importance of the confluence of the South Platte with the Cherry
Creek as the site of Denver’s founding and by environmental justice
concerns - as the northernmost section had many low-income and minority
residents and, being downstream of downtown Denver, was more severely
polluted.
Image adapted from Denver's Parks
and Recreation websites (www.denvergov.org/parksandrecreation)
In September 1975, the confluence section
of the PRG was open to the public and by 1976, the northernmost
section was as well. Although slightly awkward, some private donations
were made to the PRDC - which was still associated with the city
by its link to the mayor. With interest in the PRG growing daily,
Joe Shoemaker saw a huge, growing, untapped potential private donor
base. In order to attract the big monies (and the small ones, too)
from these private donors, Joe Shoemaker created a 501(c)(3) non-profit
in 1976 called “The Greenway Foundation.” This foundation was staffed
with most of the PRDC members (who were members of both organizations
until the PRDC completed its goals along the South Platte River
and shut itself down). Besides the financial benefits of being completely
disconnected from the City of Denver, the Greenway Foundation was
no longer limited to just one river in scope - it could help create,
lobby for, and fund greenways all over the Denver region along the
South Platte’s many tributaries.
Above
and below image from udfcd.org |
In 1979, the Platte River
Development Committee and the Greenway Foundation gained another
partner and funding source for greenways in the Urban Drainage
and Flood Control District – nicknamed "The District."
The District was actually legislated into existence by the
state in 1969 – four years after the flood. It is a regional
entity – serving 40 counties, towns, and cities (see image
at right) – with the sole purpose of providing these local
governments with storm water drainage and flood control projects.
Interestingly, The District does not do any of the design
or construction work itself - rather it contracts the jobs
out to private sector engineering and construction firms.
It was not until 1979, however, with massive lobbying by District
officials, Boulder County officials, and the Denver City council
that the state legislature gave The District a steady source
of funding: the power to collect property taxes through mill
levies. A mill is one thousandth of a dollar ($0.001) and
a mill levy is the amount of tax a property owner must pay
per thousand dollars of assessed property value. The amount
of tax that a property owner owes The District is calculated
by multiplying the assessed value of the property by 1/1000
by the mill levy value (which currently ranges between .528
and .591, depending on which county the property is in). These
tax monies are then used within the region to fund the construction
and maintenance of drainage and flood control projects - i.e.
greenways. Additionally, The District provides handbooks and
brochures to cities and consultants with both general data
and exemplary plans of these projects (see images at left
and right).
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Above and below image from udfcd.org |
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With the help from some very generous
private donations (along with many small ones), all four sections
of the PRG were open to the public by the early 1980's. The
PRG was maintained by The District, The District-funded "Greenway
Trail Rangers" (at right), and the city of Denver's Parks
and Recreation Department (for the playgrounds and other recreational
facilities). The images below show before-and-after photographs
taken along the South Platte River in 1974 and 1990 (photos
f rom "The
Reclamation of the South Platte River Three Decades Later").
The Platte River Greenway - like most future greenways - has
been upgraded and added to incrementally over the years after
the initial construction was completed. The PRG was completed
over a very short time span (at least for a project of its
size and complexity) and on a tight, uncertain budget. The
photos below attest to a very successful project overall.
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Photo from Returning
the Platte River to the People by Joe Shoemaker |
Confluence Park - the birthplace
of Denver (at the confluence of the South Platte River and Cherry
Creek) |
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1974 |
1990 - note the
white water kayaking course at left |
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Across from Confluence Park |
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1974 |
1990 |
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Globeville Landing Park (northernmost
portion) |
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1974 |
1990 |
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Northside Treatment Plant Park |
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1974 |
1990 |
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