10/30/02

I.    Litter fall traps
A.    shallow and round
      B. long troughs (open pvc pipe with screens at the end to let liquid drain out)
      C. conical same width as round ones but deeper
-Many small ones, bunch in a small area, not one big one
-for one sight one every five meters
-sites should be geographically based not types, so, do one every this many miles to indicate areas around it
-some do it for one year, some for eight, some longer

II. water plants
-some over population because those animals that feed on them are endangered
not as many problems
-algae is an epiphyte
-fungi - interaction between those and plants

III. reforestation
-one Japanese company went to brazil to cut trees for paper and reforest with just one species that grows fast but system collapsed.

IV. steps to making this work
1. curb the timber trade
stop illegal stuff, enforcement (just saying laws doesn’t work)
Stewardship Council (put seals on certified timber) be more aware and buy only furniture etc stuff that that is from these which are operations that are environmentally sound. Have to increase awareness and also do this on a large scale basis because right now its just logging people going to them not checking everybody
     2. RIL
    3. stop waste of timber products (i.e. paper) we need to recycle! Would reduce need for logging by 40 percent.

    4. second problem subsistence farmers and peasants
    -right now, poor soil, use cash crops, make it worse
    -need to find good crop rotation, even if these crops are just to keep soil good and not for economical

   5. recognize rights of indigenous people  the rainforest, they are best guardians of the forest
    gave back to the people, small scale projects working with the people

V. ameriflex, towers, carbon sinks, where is the missing co2 in the atmosphere? Measure co2 and water vapor levels between plants and atmosphere using established techniques and technologies.

C02 flow is indication of how fast plants are growing

VI. epiphytes
-generally good indicators because they are vulnerable and have long life cycles
-when things are effecting flora, first apparent in epiphytes
many wiped out with one tree
-fragmentation –adverse affect because far and maybe cant pollinate well
-FICUS
-lichen use to measure air quality ie lead pollution with specific species
-more co2 increases turnover rate so those that can adapt to that survive better

measuring epiphytes
-counting in areas and health