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| Teshi Tanker Owners Association Collaboration with Utility
Before the formation of Teshi Tankers Association(TTA), individual water tankers drew water illegally from the utility’s hydrants, priced the water arbitrarily and were not answerable for the water they distributed. Formal recognition of their role by the Ghana Water Company initially led to the formation of one and later three tankers associations, including TTA. The Association has developed a code of conduct for members with respect to hygiene, water pricing and other issues. In response, the utility has established filling stations for association which also benefits from a bulk tariff and better water quality. Private Management of Public Conveniences; Kano, Nigeria Since 1960, the Kano City Government has been privatizing the building and management of public toilets and bathrooms. Located in public places like car parks, markets and congested low income areas, the facilities are built and either operated by individuals or built by a government institution and leased to private individuals. Private Cesspit Emptying Services; Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Seventy percent of Dares Salaam residents live in unplanned areas and 85% are dependent on on-site facilities (pit latrines). Unable to keep up with demand for emptying services, the City Council organized a consultative meeting with potential private operator. Before the involvement of the private sector, the city’s utility had a customer backlog of 3-6 weeks and emptied only 3 pits a day. Currently private operators have no consumer waiting list and provide service on the day of request. Furthermore prices for some consumers have dropped 48% from US$ 12.5 to US$ 6.5 per trip. Legislative reform to improve Services to Low-income Urban Areas; Zambia Until recently the water sector lacked a comprehensive sector policy. To arrest the deteriorating situation, a number of water sector reforms were introduced. Notably: a comprehensive water policy and strategy that lays emphasis on serving the poor ; a Water Supply and Sanitation Act that legitimizes the role of alternative service providers ; an enabling institutional framework that recognizes and accommodates community based approaches ; and a regulatory body that includes services for the poor in guidelines and regulations. Coin Vending Water Points; Cote d’ivoire AREQUAP-CI, is the umbrella body of independent water vendors in Cote d’ivoire whose primary objectives are to obtain recognition from the Ivorian water utility (SODECI) and improve working conditions for their members. Among other issues, the association is lobbying for, and appropriate tariff regime, lower deposit amounts, shorter billing periods and protection from unfair competition by illegal vendors. AREQUAP-CI would like to evolve from an informal sector association to a professional one. Community-based Organization; George Compound, Lusaka, Zambia In the past George Compound – one of the largest peri-urban areas with a population of 120,000 – had few house connections and communal taps. These facilities were limited in capacity and extensively vandalized with no cost recovery. This made people resort to unprotected hand-dug shallow wells as their source of water. In the 1991-1992 wet season there was a serious outbreak of cholera in George Compound and the main cause was identified as the shallow wells. Government of Zambia sourced aid from the government of Japan to embark on a potable water project for the compound. The project is now more than half way complete. LWSC is the implementation agency. LWSC and LCC are also involved in planning and implementation of the community participation social and institutional aspects with technical assistance from CARE. The LWSC reached agreement with CARE to provide the training necessary to build capacity of community based organizations in the water supply areas of the project. This large project saw the LWSC establish a division under the Water Supply Department specifically for George. This is the Service Section in the Division responsible for the facilitation of community participation, and consultation to community based organizations. The staff of the Service Section is seconded from the LCC. Resident Development Committee; Chipata Compound, Lusaka, Zambia Care (Zambia) funded a US$ 600000 water supply project for the Chipata Compound with its 45,000 people. The project started with planning meetings between the key stakeholders including the Assistant Director and Chief Housing Officer of LCC, the peri-urban officer from LWSG and members of the community. His was followed by compound wide meetings of over 50 key organizations and leaders to give broad assent to how the water project should proceed. CARE played a lead role in the development of the community participation concept and its implementation but in close collaboration with the peri-urban section of LWSC. The area Resident Development Committee (RDC) signed a contract to manage the whole project. They consult or hire LWSC on maintenance problems they cannot attend to themselves. The RDC has been operating on their own for more than a year now and their financial management is on a sound footing. See also: |
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