List of Figures
Acknowledgments
Foreword
Executive Summary
PART I: UNAUTHORIZED COLONIES IN CONTEXT
1. Regional Perspective
The Tide of Urban Migration
The Emergency of 1975 - 1977
Further Changes in Government
East Delhi: The Delhi of the Poor
The Rise of Small Manufacturers in East Delhi
Future Plans for East Delhi
2. Growth and Regularization
Unauthorized versus Government-Planned Development
Social Equity of Urbanization in Delhi
The Development Process
Interactions with the Official System of Development
Issues Involved in Regularization
Incremental Consolidation of Unauthorized Colonies
3. Small-Scale Manufacturing
Setting for Production
A Model of the Evolution of Production
Land Value as a Surrogate for Productivity
Stage 1 - Low-Income Residential
Stage 2 - Low-Technology Production
Stage 3 - Medium-Technology Production
Stage 4 - High-Technology Production
Summary
PART II: THE CASE OF VISWAS NAGER
4. An Introduction to Viswas Nager
Evolution of Viswas Nager
The Neighborhood-as-Factory
Manufacturing Networks
Social and Political Networks
Historic Overview
The Entrepreneurs
The Extended Family [Box]
The New Partnerships [Box]
Conflicts with Government Plans
Summary
5. Production and the Land Market
Evolution of Land Uses and Land Values
The Period to 1975
The Period to 1984
The Period to 1987
Summary
Social Dimensions of a Developing Land Market
Sociopolitical Mechanisms in Acquiring Tenure
Social Aspects of Land Transactions
Financing Small-Scale Manufacturing
A Typical Factory Owner [Box]
Comparison to the Jhilmil Industrial Area
Costs and Procedural Requirements
Advantages of Viswas Nager
Summary
A Tour of Delhi Suburbs: Photographs
6. Secondary Areas
Evolution of Secondary Lands
The Process of Improving Secondary Areas
Benefits to the Colony
The Mobile Family [Box]
Disadvantages of Secondary Locations
Choosing a Site for a Temple [Box]
7. Worker Housing
The Dynamics of Landlord-Tenant Relations
Housing in the Early Stages of the Colony
Housing in the Advanced Stages of the Colony
Three Types of Worker Housing in a Consolidated Colony [Box]
Discussion
8. Commercial Growth
9. Social Services
Demand for the Institutions
Workers in the Institutions
Mrs. Rai, a Private School Principal
Doctors and Health Clinics
Discussion
10. Secondary Industries and Services
Machine Manufacturing
Mr. Prakash, a School Teacher-Turned-Entrepreneur [Box]
Plastics Recycling
Metropolitan Recycling
Local Recycling
Local Transportation
Cycle Rickshaws [Box]
Construction Materials Supply
Discussion
11. Conclusion
Defining Viswas Nager’s Success
Conditions Leading to Success
How Typical is Viswas Nager?
Public Policy Implications
A New Research Tool
PART III: APPENDICES
Appendix A - Exhibits
Exhibit 1 - Letter to Shri Rajiv Gandhi from FOAPEC, September 26, 1985
Exhibit 2 - “Illegal Construction Still too Big for the Law,” The Times of India, March 7, 1990
Exhibit 3 - “The Demand for Statehood for Delhi,” The Times of India, April 19, 1990
Exhibit 4 - Advertisement: Delhi Development Authority Slum Wing
Exhibit 5 - Notice: Delhi Financial Corporation: Special Scheme for Loans to Household Industries
Appendix B - Flatted Factories as an Alternative to Home-Based Production
The Experience of Flatted Factories at Jhandenwala in Northwest Delhi
Administration-Related Problems
Location-Related Problems
Summary and Policy Issues to be Addressed
Appendix C - Study Methodology
The Research Context
Case-Specific Data Collection
Historical Development of Viswas Nager and Surrounding Colonies
The Evolution of Land Prices
The Organization of Production
General Data Collection
Unauthorized Colonies in the Metropolitan Area
Production in the Metropolitan Area
Documentation Tools
Photography
Tape-Recording and Note-Taking
Appendix D - References
