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Design

Structure and Materials
The main body of the submersible is a cylinder capped with a hemisphere at the front end and slightly rounded off at the back. Two pontoons spanning the length of the craft are attached on either side near the bottom of the cylinder. Another two are joined to the submersible toward the top. A conning tower juts out from the top of the submersible, and there are two engines connected at the center on either side of the main body.

The steel cylindrical body has a length of 5 meters and a diameter of 3 meters. The floor is half a meter from the bottom of the cylinder and spans about 2.2 meters across. The main ballast tank occupies the space underneath the floor. The acrylic plastic hemisphere is joined to the front of the cylinder and serves as an enormous view port for the pilot. The space in the hemisphere and the first meter of the body is allocated for navigational controls, the pilot, and two crewmembers. The passenger cabin takes up the next meter and a half; two benches placed along the walls of the cabin comfortably seat at least six people. The floor of the storage section, which is another a meter and a half long, is covered with rollers to facilitate the movement of cargo. The final meter of the body houses the pumps and compressed air for the ballast tank and the equipment for controlling the environment inside the submersible.

The two pontoons near the bottom of the craft hold the lead batteries that store the power for the engines while the ones at the top contain oxygen for the cabin. The engines are attached to the sides and rotate freely about an axis through the center of the vehicle, allowing movement in all directions. Dive planes on both sides in front of and behind the engines as well as a rudder at the tail end of the submersible improve maneuverability. The conning tower, a hollow cylindrical stack tapering upwards from 1.5 meters to 1 meter in diameter, is located near the center of the craft directly over the storage section of the vehicle. There are six view ports around the tower, each with a diameter of 30 centimeters. A ladder runs up to the hatch along the wall separating the passenger cabin from the storage area.

Ballast and Maneuverability
The main ballast tank resides at the bottom of the body, underneath the floor of the cabin. Most of the vertical motion of the submersible should be controlled by buoyancy instead of through the engines. A 12 V two-way ballast pump is used in conjunction with the compressed air stored at the end of the vehicle to regulate buoyancy.

A trim system under the floor of the body helps maintain forward-backward balance in the vehicle. Two hundred kilograms of water are pumped through pipes along the length of the submersible as needed to preserve stability. Aluminum dive planes serve as the control surfaces for maneuvering the vehicle in conjunction with ballast or engine power. In the shape of airfoil sections, the dive planes are each a meter front to back and 0.30 meters wide. The rudder, also welded aluminum with the cross-section of an airfoil, measures a meter and a half tall and half a meter long.

Power and Propulsion
Forty-eight 2-VDC spirally wound lead acid batteries, each capable of holding up to 360 amp-hours, are stored in the two bottom pontoons. The pontoons are 6 meters long and have a diameter of 0.35 meters. After the submersible has reached the surface, they can be detached and replaced with new pontoons containing freshly charged batteries. An auxiliary set of twelve 6 VDC lead acid batteries, each with a capacity of 180 amp-hours, is located at the rear of the submersible in case of emergency. Two DC coupling variable speed motors, each of 20 horsepower, generate the force to propel the submersible. They are located on opposite sides of the vehicle, not too far above the center of the battery-carrying pontoons. Attached to each motor is a stainless steel propeller with a diameter of 50 centimeters. Guards in front of the engines prevent large marine life from falling prey to the propellers. The motors are reversible and fully rotational, capable of swiveling completely about the pivots for vertical as well as horizontal motion.

 

This page was last updated on 12/5/01. For questions regarding this site, email Atlantis One WebMasters.
For questions regarding the Atlantis Projects (a.k.a. Mission2005), email our professor, Kip Hodgesor visit the Mission 2005 Web Page.
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