hosted by:Tracy Slatyer/Jesse Thaler
Yotam Soreq
The Quest for Physics Beyond the Standard Model
Abstract:
The standard model of particle physics is one of the greatest achievements of theoretical physics. However, there are strong arguments for the existence of new physics. In this talk, we discuss novel probes of physics beyond the standard model and their interplay with rare standard model processes. In particular, we explore the possibility of using high energy electron - high intense laser system for new physics searches, denoted as new physics search with optical dump (NPOD). NPOD can be built as part of the LUXE experiment at DESY and probe unexplored new physics parameter space in the near future. We will discuss the prospect of the future collider to probe new physics. Finally, we show an independent method to determine the muon anomalous magnetic moment, (g-2), based on precision muonium spectroscopy.
hosted by: Bolek Wyslouch
Zhili Weng
Cosmic Antiparticle: Latest Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Abstract:
The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is an MIT-LNS led precision particle physics detector on the International Space Station conducting a unique, long-duration mission of fundamental physics research in space. Since installation on the ISS, AMS has collected more than 216 billion cosmic rays up to multi-TeV. The latest AMS results on the fluxes of cosmic elementary particles in space: protons, electrons, antiprotons, and positrons reveal unique properties. The unpresented measurements provide unique input to the understanding of cosmic rays and indicate the existence of a primary source of high-energy antiparticles such as dark matter annihilation. With the 10 years dataset, AMS continues the measurements of cosmic complex antimatter. Operating through 2030, with its future upgrade, AMS continues to provide unique insights into studying the origin of dark matter and antimatter and exploring new physics phenomena in the cosmos.
Jesse Liu
Colliding light, tau g–2, and axion dark matter
Abstract:
Precision measurements of electromagnetic moments are unique windows to new physics. The muon anomalous magnetic moment (g–2) exhibits tantalizing tensions with the Standard Model. However, tau g–2 remains shrouded in mystery due to its short lifetime. Recently, CMS and ATLAS pioneered groundbreaking tau g–2 measurements by observing tau pairs created via photon collisions in LHC heavy-ion data. Meanwhile, resolving why the neutron lacks an electric dipole motivates axions. Novel discovery strategies include the Broadband Reflector Experiment for Axion Detection (BREAD) proposal at Fermilab. BREAD targets axion dark matter above microwave frequencies that have long eluded conventional haloscopes. These creative advances exploit interdisciplinary innovations across nuclear physics, astronomy, and quantum technology.
Julian Kahlbow
Nuclear physics at the extremes: Study of exotic nuclei and nuclear matter
Abstract:
Rooted in Quantum Chromodynamics, the strong force is the underlying interaction that binds atomic nuclei. While it is not possible to solve the equations of QCD directly for complex nuclei, physicists develop effective interactions between nucleons to describe the nuclear many-body system, ranging from nuclei to neutron stars. Understanding the nature and emergence of nuclear interactions and structure is a key goal in nuclear physics research. Exotic nuclei with large neutron-proton asymmetry are an ideal testing ground to probe such multi-nucleon interactions under extreme conditions, showcasing phenomena like neutron halos, di-neutron correlations, and strong shell-structure evolution. In this talk, I will discuss the structure of the most neutron-rich fluorine (Z=9) isotopes 28F, 29F, and 30F as studied via the spectroscopy of bound and unbound states using nucleon-knockout reaction measurements in inverse and complete kinematics at RIBF (Japan). Our studies present evidence for nuclear structure evolution in the very neutron-rich regime that offer new insight into nuclear interactions and shell inversion in the presence of continuum coupling. Looking ahead, I will present a program of measurements using the new FRIB facility to study nuclear structure and few-neutron systems towards an understanding of neutron star matter and nuclei as open quantum systems.
Joaquin Drut
From dilute to dense, one particle at a time: Calculating and re-summing the virial expansion of quantum gases
Abstract:
Strongly interacting quantum gases, from ultracold atomic clouds to neutron stars, represent a challenging many-body problem. Typically, these systems undergo spontaneous symmetry breaking into a superfluid phase (in some cases of exotic types) at some critical temperature, which is calculated with quantum Monte Carlo methods, when possible. Above that critical temperature, these systems usually display a quantum-classical crossover with distinct interaction effects, captured by the so-called virial expansion. The latter contains, at a given order n, the contributions of the n-body system to the many-body problem. The second-order virial coefficient has been known since the 1930s, encoded in the celebrated Beth-Uhlenbeck formula, but progress towards higher orders has been slow, with predictions for the third- and fourth-order coefficients in very limited cases appearing only in the 21st century. In this talk, I will show and discuss the results of a new, non-perturbative, analytic approach to calculating virial coefficients beyond the fifth order, which has enabled the application of series resummation techniques. With the latter, we have been able to make predictions for the thermodynamics of quantum gases in 1,2, and 3 spatial dimensions, for a wide range of coupling strengths (up to unitarity in 3d), and temperatures, beyond the expected regime of validity of the virial expansion.
Natalie Klco
Calculating Nature Naturally: Quantum Simulating Quantum Fields
Abstract:
Toward the quantum simulation of Nature's fundamental fields, we will discuss complementary routes for representing continuous fields onto computational quantum devices, reverberations of such decisions to computational resources and quantum entanglement structure, and techniques for reliably protecting symmetries during imperfect dynamical evolution. From multiple perspectives, this will lead to examples of how naturally distributed entanglement in the simulated field can provide practical guidance toward quantum simulation design, both for applications in fundamental physics and for large-scale quantum computations more broadly.
Avia Raviv-Moshe
Line Defects in CFTs: from Impurities to Wilson Lines
Abstract:
In this talk, we will consider line defects (one-dimensional defects) in CFTs. Such systems are of relevance to various physical systems, with applications ranging from condensed matter physics to conformal gauge theories. I will review some general properties of line defects in CFTs, especially in the context of RG flows on line defects, where recent progress has been achieved. Then, we will focus on two applications: spin impurities, and Wilson lines in conformal gauge theories. For the latter, we will argue that for sufficiently large charges, Wilson lines develop an instability at a critical charge above which they are screened by the charged matter fields. This will be demonstrated in the simple example of QED.
Gail McLaughlin
Element synthesis and neutrinos in neutron star merges
Abstract:
The merging of two neutron stars is a true multi-messenger event which includes gravitational waves, an electromagnetic signal and the emission of enormous numbers of neutrinos. In order to understand these signals we need a careful accounting of the microphysics that occurs during and after the merger. I will focus on the elements produced in these objects and the effect of two aspects of this microphysics; nuclear models/reactions and neutrino flavor transformation physics. In particular, I will discuss the importance of new developments in these areas to predictions of r-process observables and the astrophysical origin of the r-process.
Qi Yan
Measurements of the Cosmic Ray Nuclei with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS)
Abstract:
The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is a unique largely acceptance,long-duration magnetic spectrometer in space, operating aboard the International Space Station (ISS) at an altitude of 410 km. The primary physics objectives of AMS include measuring energy spectra of cosmic-ray charged particles, nuclei, antiparticles, antinuclei, and gamma-rays in the GeV–TeV region to understand Dark Matter, antimatter, and the origin of cosmic rays, as well as exploring new physics phenomena. Since its installation on the ISS in May 2011, AMS has collected more than 200 billion cosmic ray events. In this talk, I will present the latest AMS results on the measurements of cosmic ray nuclei, as well as our specific analytical efforts to achieve precision physics results in space.
Masha Baryakhtar
Searching for New Ultralight Particles with Black Holes
Abstract:
Theories that seek to explain the outstanding puzzles of the Standard Model of particle physics often predict new, light, feebly-interacting particles whose discovery requires novel search strategies. Perhaps the most motivated of these particles is the QCD axion, which can elegantly solve the outstanding strong-CP problem of the Standard Model; cousins of the QCD axion such as the dark photon can also appear. In light of these particles' small masses and weak interactions, we turn to the sky for clues of their existence. We will see how extreme astrophysical environments produce ultralight particles, with prospects of dramatic signatures and direct laboratory detections. I will discuss how rotating black holes source clouds of exponentially large numbers of gravitationally-bound particles and so create nature's laboratories for ultralight bosons. Depending on the new particles' interactions with our matter and with one another, these clouds could be visible across the spectra: emitting monochromatic gravitational wave radiation, populating the galaxy with axion waves, or appearing as pulsar-like objects in the multimessenger sky.
Stephen Sharpe
Progress in calculating multiparticle amplitudes from lattice QCD
Abstract:
One of the major aims of lattice QCD (LQCD) is to calculate electroweak decay and transition amplitudes from first principles, so as to use experimental results to test the standard model. A classic example is the K->2pi amplitude, and in particular its CP-violating part, where experimental results have long been available but which only recently has become accessible to LQCD. In this talk I describe the status of efforts to extend the methodology to processes involving three or more particles, e.g. K->3pi, one of whose aims is to eventually calculate CP violation in D decays in the standard model, so as to compare to the recent LHCb measurement. The challenges include both the development of formalism relating finite-volume correlators to infinite-volume amplitudes and the need to calculate many finite-volume energy levels with good accuracy using numerical simulations. Along the way one must also understand how to use LQCD to determine the properties of hadronic resonances that couple to three or more particles. Possible applications here include studying traditional resonances such as the omega as well as the recently discovered doubly-charmed tetraquark state.
Laura Jeanty
Searching for long-lived superpartners with the ATLAS experiment
Abstract:
One of the most promising corners in which new physics could be hiding at the Large Hadron Collider is in long-lived signatures. New, fundamental particles with measurably long lifetimes are predicted by many models of new physics, including supersymmetry and hidden valley models. Dedicated searches are required to look for the unusual and challenging detector signatures produced by new, long-lived particles. In this talk, I will present an overview of the searches for long-lived supersymmetric particles performed by the ATLAS experiment, with a focus on recent results. I will discuss the interplay between the detector design and its sensitivity to long-lived particles, and I will present the plans for the upgrade to the ATLAS Inner Tracker and highlight how the new tracker will present new challenges and opportunities for these searches.
